Preparing the

Database
Environment
 Objectives
After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
◦ Describe your role as a database administrator (DBA) and explain typical tasks
and tools
◦ Plan an Oracle Database installation
◦ Use Optimal Flexible Architecture
(OFA)
◦ Install the Oracle software by using
Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
 Tasks of an Oracle
Database Administrator
The approach for designing, implementing, and maintaining an Oracle
database involves the following tasks:
1. Evaluating the database server hardware
2. Installing the Oracle software
3. Planning the database and security strategy
4. Creating, migrating, and opening the database
5. Backing up the database
6. Enrolling system users and planning for
their Oracle Network access
7. Implementing the database design
8. Recovering from database failure
9. Monitoring database performance
 Tools for Administering
an Oracle Database
◦ Oracle Universal Installer
◦ Database Configuration Assistant
◦ Database Upgrade Assistant
◦ Oracle Net Manager
◦ Oracle Enterprise Manager
◦ SQL*Plus
◦ Recovery Manager
◦ Oracle Secure Backup
◦ Data Pump
◦ SQL*Loader
Tools for Administering
an Oracle Database
◦ You can use the following tools for installation and upgrade:
◦ Oracle Universal Installer (OUI): Installs your Oracle software and options; can
automatically launch the Database Configuration Assistant to create a database
◦ Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA): Creates a database from Oracle-
supplied templates, enabling you to copy a preconfigured seed database
(Alternatively, you can create your own database and templates.)
~A preconfigured seed database refers to a database that is set up with predefined
structures, schemas, and sometimes even sample data. It serves as a starting point for developers or
organizations to create new databases quickly and efficiently
◦ Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA): Guides you through the upgrade of your
existing database to a new Oracle release
◦ Oracle Net Manager: Configures network connectivity for your Oracle
databases and applications
Tools for Administering
an Oracle Database
◦ The following tools are used to manage your Oracle instance and
database:
◦ Oracle Enterprise Manager (EM): Oracle Enterprise Manager (EM) is a tool made by
Oracle that helps you monitor, manage, and control your Oracle systems—like databases,
servers, applications, and cloud services—from one place. The main EM tools
that are used to administer an Oracle database are:
◦ Enterprise Manager Database Console: To administer one database
◦ Enterprise Manager Grid Control: To administer many databases at the same time
◦ SQL*Plus: Standard command-line interface for managing your database
Tools for Administering
an Oracle Database
◦ Recovery Manager (RMAN): Oracle tool that provides a complete solution for
the backup, restoration, and recovery needs of the entire database or of
specific database files
◦ Oracle Secure Backup: Provides tape backup management for the Oracle
ecosystem, which includes:
◦ Oracle database protection to tape through integration with Recovery
Manager
◦ Seamless support of Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
◦ Central administration of distributed clients and media servers, including
Oracle Application Servers, Oracle Collaboration Suites, Oracle home, and
binaries
Tools for Administering
an Oracle Database
◦ Data Pump: Enables the high-speed transfer of data from one database to another (For
example, you may want to export a table and import it into another database.)
◦ SQL*Loader: Enables the loading of data from an external file into an Oracle database;
one of several Oracle utilities that you can use to load data into database tables
◦ Command-line tools:
◦ To administer Enterprise Manager:
◦ emctl start | status | set | stop dbconsole
◦ To administer the listener:
◦ lsnrctl help | start | status | stop dbconsole
 Installation: System
Requirements
◦ Memory requirements:
◦ 4 GB for the instance with Database Control
◦ Disk space requirements:
◦ 8.5 gigabytes minimum for Oracle software, plus 2 gigabytes or more for temporary storage
◦ Operating system (see
documentation)
 Checking the System
Requirements
◦ Adequate
temporary space
◦ 64-bit versus
32-bit issues
◦ Correct operating system (OS)
◦ OS patch level
◦ System packages
◦ System and kernel parameters
◦ X Server permissions
◦ Sufficient swapping
◦ Nonempty ORACLE_HOME
 Optimal Flexible
Architecture (OFA)
OFA is designed to:
◦ Organize large amounts of software
◦ Facilitate routine administrative tasks
◦ Facilitate switching between multiple Oracle databases
◦ Manage and administer database growth
 Optimal Flexible Architecture:
Naming Scheme
◦ Mount points:
◦ /u01
◦ /disk01
◦ Directories:
◦ /u01/app/oracle
◦ /u01/app/applmgr
◦ Files:
◦ Control files: controln.ctl
◦ Redo log files: redon.log
◦ Data files: tn.dbf
 Setting Environment
Variables
◦ ORACLE_BASE: Base of the Oracle directory structure for OFA
◦ ORACLE_HOME: Directory containing the Oracle software
◦ ORACLE_SID: Initial instance name (default: ORCL)
◦ NLS_LANG: Language, territory, and client character set settings
Oracle Universal
Installer (OUI)
Installing the Oracle
Software
Database Configuration
Options
Executing Configuration
Scripts
 Advanced Installation
Options
◦ Database storage options:
◦ File system
◦ Automatic Storage Management
◦ Raw devices
◦ Database management options:
◦ Enterprise Manager Grid Control
◦ Enterprise Manager Database Control
◦ Database backup and recovery options
◦ Email notification options
◦ Oracle Portable Clusterware
◦ Cloning
 Installation Option:
Silent Mode
To install and configure Oracle products with OUI in silent mode, perform
the following steps:
1. Create the oraInst.loc file (if it does not already exist).
2. Prepare a response file based on file templates that are delivered with the Oracle
software.
3. Record a response file:
.runInstaller –record -destinationFile <filename>
4. Run OUI in silent or suppressed mode.
5. If required, run NetCA and the DBCA in silent mode.
 Summary
In this lesson, you should have learned how to:
◦ Describe your role as a DBA and explain tasks and tools
◦ Plan your installation, starting with the appropriate documentation
◦ Perform preinstallation tasks, such as checking system requirements
◦ Install the Oracle software by using OUI
 Practice 2 Overview:
Preparing the Database
Environment
This practice covers installing the Oracle software by using Oracle Universal
Installer.
Note: Completing this practice is critical for all subsequent practices.