Unit 1

Internet and WWW

By :Prof. Abhishek Mehta

Asst. Prof.
PICA- BCA
The Internet is a global network of
billions of computers and other electronic
devices.
With the Internet, it's possible to access
almost any information, communicate with
anyone else in the world,
What is Internet?

 The Internet is a global collection of computer networks

that are linked together by devices called routers and use a
common set of protocols for data transmission known as
TCP/IP (transmission control protocol / Internet protocol).
 The primary purpose of the Internet is to facilitate the
sharing of information.
 A global computer network providing a variety of
information and communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized communication
protocols.
 The Internet is a global network of billions of computers
and other electronic devices. With the Internet, it's possible
to access almost any information, communicate with anyone
else in the world, and do much more.
 Internet is defined as an Information super Highway, to
access information over the web. However, It can be defined
in many ways as follows:
 Internet is a world-wide global system of interconnected
computer networks.
 Internet uses the standard Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
 Every computer in internet is identified by a unique IP address.
 IP Address is a unique set of numbers (such as 110.22.33.114)
which identifies a computer location.
 A special computer DNS (Domain Name Server) is used to give
name to the IP Address so that user can locate a computer by a
name.
 For example, a DNS server will resolve a
name http://www.tutorialspoint.com to a particular IP
address to uniquely identify the computer on which this website
is hosted.
 Internet is accessible to every user all over the world.
Some attributes

 TCP/IP protocols

In order for a computer to communicate on the Internet, a set of
rules or protocols computers must follow to exchange messages
was developed. The two most important protocols allowing
computers to transmit data on the Internet are Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP). With these
protocols, virtually all computers can communicate with each
other.
 Domain name system

An Internet address has four fields with numbers that are
separated by periods or dots. This type of address is known as
an IP address. Rather than have the user remember long strings
of numbers, the Domain Name System (DNS) was developed to
translate the numerical addresses into words. For example, the
address fcit.usf.edu is really 131.247.120.10.
URLs
Addresses for web sites are called URLs
(Uniform Resource Locators). Most of them
begin with http (HyperText Transfer Protocol),
followed by a colon and two slashes.
Top-level domain names include:.
.com Commercial
.edu Educational
.gov US Government
.int Organization
.mil US Military
.net Networking Providers
.org Non-profit Organization
History of internet
 The concept of Internet was originated in 1969 and has
undergone several technological & Infrastructural changes.
 The origin of Internet devised from the concept of Advanced
Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET).
 ARPANET was developed by United States Department of
Defense.
 Basic purpose of ARPANET was to provide communication among
the various bodies of government.
 Initially, there were only four nodes, formally called Hosts.
 In 1972, the ARPANET spread over the globe with 23 nodes
located at different countries and thus became known
as Internet.
 By the time, with invention of new technologies such as TCP/IP
protocols, DNS, WWW, browsers, scripting languages etc.,
Internet provided a medium to publish and access information
over the web.
 The first message was sent over the ARPANET from computer
science professor Leonard Kleinrock’s laboratory at University of
California to the standard research Institute.
The Internet acts as a pipeline to transport
electronic messages from one network to
another network. At the heart of most
networks is a server, a fast computer with
large amounts of memory and storage
space. The server controls the
communication of information between the
devices attached to a network, such as
computers, printers, or other servers.
How internet works?
 It's important to realize that the Internet is a global network
of physical cables, which can include copper telephone
wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables.
 Even wireless connections like Wi-Fi and 3G/4G rely on these
physical cables to access the Internet.
 When you visit a website, your computer sends a request
over these wires to a server.
 A server is where websites are stored, and it works a lot like
your computer's hard drive.
 Once the request arrives, the server retrieves the website
and sends the correct data back to your computer.
 What's amazing is that this all happens in just a few
seconds!
Specification and establishment details

To connect to the Internet you need the following four

things:
 To connect the internet following four things are necessary:


1) Computer

 2) Modem : Modem is a device that you will need to get your

computer & broadband working together.
.
3) Internet Browser : It is a software that you
can view web pages.

4) An Account with Internet Service

Provider (ISP) : It is an internet company that
provides internet service to customer.
Advantage and disadvantage of internet
 The most popular and innovative creation in the world of
technology is the Internet. The internet is the place where all
kinds of information is present and even the communication
process is possible using the internet. The world has now
become internet dependent because of its vast advantages.
 One can surf for any kind of information over the internet.
Information regarding various topics such as Technology,
Health & Science, Social Studies, Geographical Information,
Information Technology, Products etc can be surfed with help
of a search engine.
 Internet allows us to use many services like:
 Internet Banking
 Matrimonial Services
 Online Shopping
 Online Ticket Booking
 Online Bill Payment
 Data Sharing
 E-mail
Advantage of Internet
 COMMUNICATION:
 The main advantage of internet is the faster communication than any other
devices. It’s an instant process. Communication in the form of video calls,
emails etc. is possible using internet. Thus, there is no specific region that
can be accessed. It is accessible all over the world. Hence, because of this
global issues are reduced since video conferencing is possible where
everyone across the world can be in single place and can solve out a
problem.

 INFORMATION:
 The internet is the source of knowledge. All kinds of information is present in
it. it is easily accessed and can be searched more to get more additional
knowledge. Information like educational related, government laws, market
sales, stocks and shares, new creations etc. is gathered from a single place.

 LEARNING:
 The internet has now become a part of education. Education like home
schooling is easily carried out using internet. Teachers can upload their
teaching videos in the internet and is accessed by people across the world
which is helpful for all students. The marks are also released in the internet
since, releasing mark for the whole institution in notice boards will create
chaos.
Advantage of Internet
 ENTERTAINMENT:
 The internet is now the most popular form of entertainment. Movies,
songs, videos, games etc. is available in internet for free. Social
networking is also possible using internet. Hence, there is tons of
entertainment that is available in online in the internet.
 SOCIAL NETWORK:
 The social networking is the sharing of information to people across
the world. Apart from being an entertainment website, it has many
uses. Any job vacancy, emergency news, ideas etc. can be shared in
the website and the information gets passed on quickly to wide
area. Also the Social Networking websiter are used to easy
communications. Example: Facebook and twitter.
 E-COMMERCE:
 All business deals can be carried in the internet like transaction of
money etc. this is called E commerce. Online reservations, online
ticket booking for movie etc. can be done easily. It saves us lots of
time. Online shopping is now the latest trend in internet world where
products from dresses to household furniture is available at door step.
Disadvantage
 There are always chances to loose personal information such
as name, address, credit card number. Therefore, one should
be very careful while sharing such information. One should use
credit cards only through authenticated sites.
 Another disadvantage is the Spamming. Spamming
corresponds to the unwanted e-mails in bulk. These e-mails
serve no purpose and lead to obstruction of entire system.
 Virus can easily be spread to the computers connected to
internet. Such virus attacks may cause your system to crash or
your important data may get deleted.
 There are various websites that do not provide the
authenticated information. This leads to misconception among
many people.
Disadvantage of Internet

 INFORMATION LOSS:
 The information crucial to us or any important files can be easily
taken by the hackers. There is no exact proof for the security for the
details we store like account number, passwords etc. hence, sensitive
information must be carefully stored by the people.
 SPAM:
 The unnecessary emails, advertisements etc. sometimes are said to
be spam because they have the ability to slow down the system and
makes the users to face lots of problems. Spam makes the people get
more confused since important emails are also stored along with
spam.
 VIRUS ATTACKS:
 The malware or virus threats are so deadly that affects the system to
a greater extend. It immediately deletes all important files and finally
the system ends up being crashed. The virus attack is possible in
three ways. One it attacks selected files. Two, it harms the executable
boot files and most dangerous of all is the macro virus which has the
ability to replicate and expand to all parts of files.
Intranets and Extranets
What is intranet?
 Intranet is a restricted version of the internet, that
typically does not allow access to anyone outside of its
network.
 An intranet is typically a local only network.
 Intranet is defined as private network of computers within
an organization with its own server and firewall.
 Intranets may be used for organizations or networks that do
not want their information to be able to be accessed by
outside sources, and is especially important for organizations
that require a high amount of secrecy - such as a server that
holds military secrets or a database for the CIA. (Central
Intelligence Agency)
 Intranets are basically mini versions of the internet that
connect just a few servers, instead of the countless number of
servers that the internet holds and connects with one another.
 It is mostly used by company, school, government or
organization.
Advantages
Communication : Intranet offers easy and cheap
communication within an organization. Employees can
communicate using chat, e-mail or blogs.
Cost Effective : Employees can see the data and other
documents using browser rather than printing them and
distributing duplicate copies among the employees, which
certainly decreases the cost.
Security : Since information shared on intranet can only be
accessed within an organization, therefore there is almost
no chance of being theft.
Immediate Updates : Any changes made to information are
reflected immediately to all the users.
Time Saving : Information on Intranet is shared in real time.
Collaboration : Information is distributed among the
employees as according to requirement and it can be
accessed by the authorized users, resulting in enhanced
teamwork.
Disadvantage
What is Extranet?
 An extranet is like an intranet, but also provides
controlled access to authorized customers, vendors,
partners, or others outside the company.
 The important thing to bear in mind is that extranets exist
to create a path of communication between your
internal staff and external organizations, whether they
be customers, suppliers, or business partners.
 An extranet provides a place for your business and third
parties to work together and share information in a secure
environment, which sits outside of your intranet – meaning
that external partners will not have access to confidential
internal matters.
 An Extranet is actually an Intranet that is partially
accessible to authorized outsiders.
 The level of access can be set to different levels for
individuals or groups of outside users. The access can be
based on a username and password or an IP address.
 Extranet is used for specific use cases including B-2-B.
 An extranet is an extended intranet. In addition to
allowing access to members of an organization, an extranet
uses firewalls, access profiles, and privacy protocols to allow
access to users from outside the organization.
Advantage of extranet
Disadvantage

Hosting : Where the extranet pages will be held i.e. who will
host the extranet pages. In this context there are two choices:
 Host it on your own server.
 Host it with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) in the same way as
web pages.
 But hosting extranet pages on your own server requires high
bandwidth internet connection which is very costly.
Security : Additional firewall security is required if you host
extranet pages on your own server which result in a complex
security mechanism and increase work load.
Accessing Issues : Information can not be accessed
without internet connection. However, information can be
accessed in Intranet without internet connection.
Decreased Interaction : It decreases the face to face
interaction in the business which results in lack of
communication among customers, business partners and
suppliers.
More about intranet and extranet
http://www.brighthub.com/comp
uting/enterprise-security/articles/
63387.aspx
http://www.hcidata.info/inet.htm
https://www.claromentis.com/blo
g/whats-the-difference-between-i
ntranets-and-extranets/
http://www.differencebetween.inf
o/difference-between-intranet-an
d-extranet
INTERNET APPLICATIONS
Email
Telnet
FTP
Email: Electronic Mail
Email :
 E-mail, also known as electronic mail, is the most
widely used and successful of Internet applications.

 First email message was sent in 1971 by an engineer

named Ray Tomlinson.

 An email is sending text-based messages and letter to

any other internet user. But now a days We can also
attach picture, sound, video or document files with the
e-mail.

• It saves times and money.

• It is easy to use and less expensive than the post.
 Email operates across computer networks, which today is primarily
the Internet.
 Some early email systems required the author and the recipient to both
be online at the same time, in common with instant messaging.

 Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model.

Email servers accept, forward, deliver, and store messages. Neither the
users nor their computers are required to be online simultaneously.

 First the sender types the message or attach the file and sends it
to the mail server or email service provider, the mail server
forwards it to the next server through internet and satellite. Then
the message is finally received by a receiver.

Server Authentication :

To access an e-mail server, you will need to provide “authentication” – usually

user id (or username) and passwords. This identifies you to the server and
confirms that you have permission to check e-mail on that account. Although
some servers use your e-mail address itself for the authentication user id
Email Address

 An email address is the address of an electronic

postbox that can receive (and send) email messages on
a network.
•Mostly e-mail address have following form
[email protected]

 For example, in the email address "[email protected]",

"me" is the username and "example.com" the domain.

•Username is up to 64 character long with alphabets,

number and symbol combination.

•Domain name up to 256 character long.

•Every user on the internet has a unique e-mail address.

 Email has two main part: (1) Header (2)
Body.
 Header contains your email address,
recipient's email address and subject
line.
 Body Contains the message where you
write the content of what you want to
communicate.
• Email has two main part: (1) Header (2) Body.
Address/User ID
Carbon Copy
• Header contains your email HEADER
address,
Blind Carbon Copy
recipient's email address and subject line.
• Body Title regarding
Contains your message
the message where you write
the content of what you want to
Your Message
communicate.

BODY
CC and BCC
CC stands for Carbon Copy. When you CC
people on an email, the CC list is visible to all
other recipients. For example,
CC [email protected] and [email protected]
m on an email, Bob and Jake will both know
that the other received the email, as well.
BCC stands for “blind carbon copy.
 no one but the sender can see the list of BCC
recipients. For example, if you
have [email protected] and [email protected]
om in the BCC list, neither Bob nor Jake will
know that the other received the email.
The To and CC fields work similarly.
Whether you put four email addresses in
the To field or put one email address in the
To field and three in the CC field, the four
people will all receive the same email.
They’ll also be able to see the email
address of every other recipients in the To
and CC fields.
 E-mail is one of the protocols included with the Transport
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols.

 A popular protocol for sending and Receiving the Email

 Sending e-mail is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

 Receiving it is POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3).
SMTP Protocol:
SMTP is a set of rules defining how mail should be sent
out and forwarded through the internet to its destination
address.
POP3 Protocol :
The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an Internet standard
protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a
remote server over a TCP/IP connection.
Pop server is your local post office, the place where all your
incoming email is routed.

 IMAP Protocol:

 IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) – Is a

standard protocol for accessing e-mail from your local
server. IMAP is a client/server protocol in which e-mail is
received and held for you by your Internet server.
POP3 and IMAP are the protocols that are
used to retrieve mail from the mailbox at
the mail server to the recipient’s computer.
Both are message accessing agents (MAA).
POP3; the user has to download the email
before checking its content whereas, the
user can partially check the content of mail
before downloading it, using IMAP.
How Protocol Works:
TELNET protocol
 TELNET (TELecommunication NETwork) is a
network protocol used on the Internet or local area network
(LAN) connections and which provide a bidirectional
interactive communications facility.

For Example, a person has a computer in his office at new

Delhi. He visit Mumbai on a family trip. But when he is free
at Mumbai, he can log in his system Delhi from Mumbai and
use all the databases and files and work on the system.

The user’s computer, which initiate the connection, is referred

as the local computer and the machine which is accepted
the connection is referred to as the remote or host
computer
 Some remote machines may require a user to have an
account on machine, and may promote users for a
username and password.

 Telnet operates on the client/server principle.

 The local computer uses a telnet client program to

establish the connection and display data on the local
computer’s monitor.

 The remote or host computer uses a telnet server

program to accept the connection and send responses to
requests for information back to the local computer.
HOW TELNET WORKS?

•To open a Telnet connection, you need to be at the

command line. On the Start menu, type "cmd" into the
Run bar (or the Search bar in Windows Vista) and click
OK or hit Enter. When the command prompt window
opens up, type: telnet [ip_address or hostname]

•You can connect to a computer using either that

computer's IP address (such as 192.168.1.10) or its name
(for example, JohnsComp). In order to establish the
connection, that computer must be turned on and it must
be connected to the network.

•If the destination computer requires a username and

password to log on, you'll have to enter those credentials
in order to Telnet in
•If you try to connect to a computer via Telnet
and it doesn't make the connection, there can be
several reasons why.
•Check that the remote computer is on and make
sure it has the Telnet service running.

•If you still can't connect, the remote computer's

firewall settings may be blocking the connection;
either turn the firewall off temporarily or allow an
exception for port 23 (the port Telnet uses). If
you turn the firewall off, remember to turn it back
on when you are done.
Install Telnet on Windows
Click Start.
Select Control Panel.
Choose Programs and Features.
Click Turn Windows features on or off.
Select the Telnet Client option.
Click OK. A dialog box appears to confirm
installation. The telnet command should
now be available.
 Team
Viewer
Team Viewer is an excellent screen-
sharing and file-transfer app.

Team Viewer is a Web 2.0 program

that allows users to connect to each
other’s personal computers, via
internet, and control his/her screen.

Team Viewer also provides more

features such as video calling and
voice transmission.

In addition, this program allows users

to transfer files from one PC to
another.

Besides that, this program allows the

user to display his/her screen to the
FTP : File Transfer Protocol

•FTP is a part of TCP/IP protocol suite.

•It is the protocol or set of rules, which enables files

to be transferred between computers.

•FTP is powerful tool which allows files to be

transferred from “computer A” to “Computer B” or
vice versa.

•FTP works on client/server principles.

•A client program enables the user to interact with

a server to access information and services on the
server computer.
• Files that can be transferred are stored on
computer called FTP servers.

• To access these files, an FTP client

program is used.

Transferring files from a client computer to

a server computer is
called "uploading" and transferring from
a server to a client is "downloading".
How it works?
• First, you as client make a TCP control
connection to the FTP server's port 21
which will remain open during the
transfer process. In response, the FTP
server opens a second connection that
is the data connection from the server's
port 20 to your computer.
 There are two mode for connection
 1) Active
 2) Passive

 The FTP server may

support Active or Passive connections, or both.

 In an Active FTP connection, the client opens a port

and listens and the server actively connects to it.

 In a Passive FTP connection, the server opens a port

and listens (passively) and the client connects to it.
Using the standard active mode of FTP,
your computer communicates the port
number where it will stand by to receive
information from the controller and the IP
address--internet location--from which or to
which you want files to be transferred
Difference between TELNET & FTP
WWW (World Wide Web)
 The World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or the Web) is an
information space where documents and other web resources are
identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) can be accessed via
the Internet.

 Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist at CERN, invented the World

Wide Web (WWW) in 1989.
 The web was originally conceived and developed to meet the
demand for automatic information-sharing between scientists in
universities and institutes around the world.

 On 30 April 1993 CERN put the World Wide Web software in the
public domain.

 The World Wide Web (WWW) is a network of online content that is

formatted in HTML and accessed via HTTP.

 HTTP protocol is the method used to transfer web pages to your

computer.
 The World Wide Web (WWW or Web for short) is the part of the
Internet that you can access using a web browser such as Internet
Explorer or Firefox, etc.

 With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text,
images, videos and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

• The World Wide Web consists of all the public Web sites connected to
the Internet worldwide, including the client devices (such as
computers and cell phones) that access Web content.

• The internet Is the actual network of networks where all information

resides.

• Things like Telnet, ftp and email are part of the internet but not part
of www.

• HTTP protocol is the method used to transfer web pages to your

computer.
The World Web is based on these technologies:
1) HTML - Hypertext Markup Language
2) HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
3) Web servers and Web browsers

 WWW Components :
1) Structural component
-client
-servers
-caches
-Internet
2) Semantic Components
-Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
-Hyper Text Markup Language
3) Extensible Markup Language(XML)
-Uniform Resource Identifiers(URLs)
Web Page :
 A web page, or webpage, is a document that is suitable for the
World Wide Web and web browsers.

 A web page is a unit of information, often called a document that is

available via www.

 A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile

device.
 A web page can be longer than one computer screen and can use
more than one piece of paper when it is printed out.
 A Web page is created using HTML. It consist of standardized codes
or “tags”, that are used to define the structure of information on a
web page.
 These codes enable web pages to have many feature including bold
text, headings, paragraph breaks and numbered or bulleted lists.
 Web Pages have two types :

(1) Static
(2) Dynamic
Static web page :

 "Static" means unchanged or constant.

 static Web pages contain the same prebuilt content each
time the page is loaded
 Standard HTML pages are static Web pages.
 Each time an HTML page is loaded, it looks the same. The
only way the content of an HTML page will change is if the
Web developer updates and publishes the file.
 Static website is the basic type of website that is easy to
create. You don't need web programming and database
design to create a static website. Its web pages are coded in
HTML.
 The codes are fixed for each page so the information
contained in the page does not change and it looks like a
printed page.
Dynamic web pages :
 A dynamic web page is a web page that displays
different content each time it's viewed. For example,
the page may change with the time of day.
 It accesses content from a database or Content
Management System (CMS). Therefore, when you alter or
update the content of the database, the content of the
website is also altered or updated.
 Dynamic website uses client-side scripting or server-
side scripting, or both to generate dynamic content.
 There are two types of dynamic web pages.

 1)Client-Side Scripting

 2)Server-Side Scripting
Client-side scripting refers to the programs that are
executed on client-side.
Client-side scripts contains the instruction for the browser to be
executed in response to certain user’s action.

 It is processed using client side scripting such as JavaScript.

And then passed in to Document Object Model (DOM).

 Client-side content is content that's generated on the user's

computer rather than the server.

 In these cases, the user's web browser would download the

web page content from the server, process the code that's
embedded in the web page, and then display the updated
content to the user.
server side scripting, the software runs on the
server and processing is completed in the server
then plain pages are sent to the user.
 For example, login pages, forums, submission
forms, and shopping carts, all use server-side
scripting since those web pages change according
to what is submitted to it.
 Scripting languages such as PHP, ASP, ASP.NET,
JSP, ColdFusion and Perl allow a web page to
respond to submission events.
For more please visit:
https://www.javatpoint.com/website-static-vs-
dynamic
https://www.doteasy.com/web-hosting-articles/
what-is-a-dynamic-web-page.cfm
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-bet
ween-dynamic-static-pages-69951.html
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/internet_techn
ologies/web_pages.htm
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/w/web
page.htm
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

 The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is application-level

protocol for collaborative, distributed, hypermedia
information systems.

 It is the data communication protocol used to establish

communication between client and server.

 HTTP is TCP/IP based communication protocol, which is used

to deliver the data like image files, query results, HTML files
etc on the World Wide Web (WWW) with the default port is
TCP 80.
The Basic Characteristics of HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol):
 It is the protocol that allows web servers and browsers to
exchange data over the web.
 It is a request response protocol.
 It uses the reliable TCP connections by default on TCP port 80.

 Http is Connectionless means after making a request the client,

disconnect from the server. After that when the response is ready
the server re- established the connection again and deliver the
response to the client.
 HTTP is also known as CL-mode communication

 It is stateless means each request is considered as the new

request. In other words.
 Server does not maintain the state of the client. That is, when
the response is delivered, the server simply forgets the client. If
the client wants the same data, it must again establish a new
connection, send request and receive response and the same
earlier process is to be repeated. For this reason, HTTP protocol
is treated as stateless protocol.
 if the client would like to request the same
server 100 times, the client should
establish a new connection 100 times as
the server closes the connection for each
request when the response is delivered.
why HTTP was designed as
connectionless?
HTTP Protocol was designed as
connectionless for the reason, the server
resources should be shared equally by
all the clients throughout world. If one
client holds the server with 100 requests,
by all the requests are answered, the
server cannot allocate time for other
clients.
 When user selects a hypertext link, the client program on
their computer uses HTTP to contact the server, identify a
resource, and ask the server to respond with an action.
 The server accepts the request, and then uses HTTP to
respond to or to perform the action.
 Usually, hypertext links will be blue in colour and will
be underlined. When you move the mouse pointer over a
hyperlink, the pointer changes its shape to that of hand.
 http://
in front of the address tells the browser to
communicate over HTTP.

http://www.microsoft.com

http://www.ibm.com

http://www.netscape.com

Resources
URL Registration
 URL is the abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator.
 It is the global address of documents and
other resources on the World Wide Web. For example,
www.facebook.com, www.google.com.
 A URL is one type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
 URL strings consist of three parts

1) Network Protocol (URL protocol)

2) Host name or address (IP address or Domain Name)
www.yahoo.com
3) File or resource location
Syntax : protocol :// host / location
e.g.
1 2 3
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/internet_technologies/
website_url_registration.htm
More about URL
 http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/U/URL.html
 http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/URL
 https://www.lifewire.com/definition-of-uniform-resource-l
ocator-817778
 http://www.wikihow.com/Register-a-Domain-Name
 http://www.smarta.com/advice/web/business-websites/h
ow-to-register-a-domain-name/
Web Browser
 A web browser is a software application that people use in order
to view web pages on the internet.
 It can be used to upload or download files on FTP servers.
 It uses security methods such as SSL and TLS to secure internet
traffic.
 As a client/server model, the browser is the client run on a
computer that contacts the Web server and requests information.
The Web server sends the information back to the Web browser
which displays the results on the computer.
 The most popular web browsers that are used today are Mozilla
Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Apple Safari
and the Opera browser.
 For example, if you were to visit www.google.com, you are
actually viewing a file that is displayed using the web browser.
This file is drafted using the hyper text markup language,
or HTML for short.
 The two most popular browsers are Microsoft Internet
Explorer and Firefox. Other major browsers include Google
Chrome, Apple Safari and Opera.
Web Server

 A Web server is a computer that is set up with software

and networking capabilities to deliver Web pages on
the Internet or an Intranet.

 Web servers use programs such as Apache or IIS(Internet

Information Server) to deliver Web pages over
the http protocol.
 Apache is HTTP web server which is a free and open-source
cross-platform web server,
 The primary function of a web server is to store, process and
deliver web pages to clients.
 The communication between client and server takes place
using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Pages
delivered are most frequently HTML documents, which may
include images, style sheets and scripts in addition to text
content.
A single web server may support
multiple websites.

Any computer can be used as a Web

server, as long as it is connected to the
Internet and has the appropriate
software installed.
 Any computer can be used as a Web server, as long as it is
connected to the Internet and has the appropriate
software installed.
 Web server is a program that uses HTTP to serve files
that create web pages to users in response to their
requests, which are forwarded by their computers
HTTP connection.
For about web server and web browser
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/browser.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-web-browser-defini
tion-examples-quiz.html
http://www.fastwebhost.in/blog/what-is-web-servers-different-t
ypes-of-web-servers/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server
Thank You.