1

ASPEE Agribusiness Management Institute,

Navsari Agricultural University,
Navsari
Master Seminar 2022

Indian Food Packaging Industry: Present

Status, Challenges and Growth Scenario
Major Advisor:
Prepared By:
Dr. Mehul G. Thakkar
Patel Deep B.
Associate Professor,
Reg. No.:- 2070521015
AABMI
2nd Sem., MBA(ABM)
NAU, Navsari
 Flow of Presentation
2
 Introduction
 History of Food Packaging
 Objectives of Food Packaging
 Advantages of Packaging
 Types of Packaging
 Classification of Food Packaging
 Indian Packaging Industry
 Indian Food Packaging Industry
 Global food Packaging Industry
 SWOT Analysis of Indian Food Packaging Industry
 Present status of Indian Food Packaging Industry
 Current Trends
 Challenges
 Conclusion
 Introduction
3
 Packaging Industry is of paramount importance and plays a vital
role in the international trade of goods.
 Packaging is used across sectors in a wide range of industries
which are food and drink, healthcare, cosmetics, and other
consumer goods.
 Packaging can be classified based on their type of use, which is
primary packaging, secondary packaging, tertiary packaging and
ancillary packaging. It is also segregated on the basis of types of
materials used.
 Some of the common packaging products include boxes, cartons,
cans, bottles, bags, envelopes, wrappers, and containers.
 Introduction
4
 A wide range of materials are used to manufacture
packaging, which include flexible plastics, rigid plastic,
flexible foil, glass, metal, paper and paperboard, wood and
composite materials.
 The packaging industry could be divided in two major
components, viz., supply side - the providers of packaging
products, and the demand side comprising of the end users.
 Food packaging lies at the very heart of the modern food
industry and very few foods are sold unpackaged. Good
packaging prevents waste and ensures that the food retains
its desired quality throughout its shelf life.
 History of food packaging
5
 Initially, around 7000 BC, packaging started in Egypt with
glass which was used to store food and liquid.
 In second century BC, China developed flexible packaging
using paper to wrap food which was made by treating mulberry
bark. From 500 AD to 1500 AD, wooden barrels were used in
ships to move water and food. In 1310, paper making was
started in the British empire.
 In the industrial revolution 1760 to 1840 the rise of the product
demand expedited the necessity for quality packaging.
 In 1817, Sir Malcolm Thornhill designed the cardboard box
although cardboard was initially invented by the Chinese

Source :- Chitra et al. (2021)

 History of food packaging
6
 In 1831, Styrene was first distilled from a balsam tree
following in 1933 Germany improved the process as the
products were brittle and by 1950, Styrofoam was made
available to the world.
 Between 1940 and 1949 the idea of frozen food packaging was
introduced.
 By 1970, plastic manufacturing industries began to grow
tremendously. In 1973, Nathaniel Wyeth, a chemist, obtained
the patent on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles.
 In 1980, plastic was used to pack hot foods. In 1999 the Food
Standards Act was introduced to the House of Commons that
influenced the food packaging industry
 Definition
7

 Package means a case,

container, wrapper or any
other means of packing
goods.

 Packing is a process / action

of putting goods to be sold
into a package.
 Definition
8

Packaging is designing and producing the

container / wrapper of a product.
-William J. Stanton
 Objectives of food packaging
9

1) Physical protection
Since the objects enclosed in the
package may require protection
from, among other things,
mechanical shock, vibration,
electrostatic discharge,
compression,
temperature, etc so packaging is
important
 Objectives of food packaging
10

2) Barrier protection
A barrier to oxygen, water vapour,
dust, etc is often required. Some
packages contain oxygen absorbers to
help extend shelf life. Modified
atmospheres are also maintained in
some food packages. Keeping the
food contents clean, fresh, sterile, and
safe for the duration of the intended
shelf life is a primary function.
 Objectives of food packaging
11
3) Information transmission
Packages and labels communicate
how to use, transport, recycle, or
dispose of the product. With food
some types of information are
required by government legislation.
Most items include their serial and
lot numbers on the packaging, and
in the case of food products the
packaging often contains an
expiry/best-before date, usually in
shorthand form. Packages may
indicate their construction material
with a symbol.
 Objectives of food packaging
12

4) Marketing
Packaging and labels can be
used by marketers to encourage
potential buyers to purchase a
product. Package graphic
design and physical design
have been important and
constantly evolving
phenomena for several
decades. Most packaging is
designed to reflect the brand’s
message and identity.
 Objectives of food packaging
13

5) Portion control
Single serving or single dosage
packaging has a precise amount
of contents to control usage. Bulk
commodities can be divided into
packages that are a more suitable
size for individual households. It
also aids the control of inventory
selling sealed one-litre bottles of
milk, rather than having people
bring their own bottles to fill
themselves.
Eg.: Milk, Ice creams.
 Advantages of Packaging
14

Acts as a significant tool for business development

Provides for optimization of costs
Prevents product damage, wastage and deterioration
Helps in increasing transportation efficiency of goods
Effective in supply chain management
Safer delivery of goods
Tool for identification and branding
 Advantages of Packaging
15

Attractive preservation of product packed

Useful for giving product and price description to end
consumer
Plays a role in preserving health and hygiene value of
certain products
Convenient for shopping, use and disposal
Effective in pillar proofing and reduction of
counterfeiting or duplication
Increase shelf life of perishable goods
Which water bottle will you prefer?
16
 Types of Packaging on the basis of Use
17
Primary Packaging Secondary Packaging Tertiary packaging

Immediate package of a Additional layers of Packing for

product protection to the product transportation and storage

Eg :- Toffee wrapper, E.g :- Wrapped toffee are E.g:-Brown cardboard

toothpaste in tube, secured in a bottle having boxes, wood pallets and
composite cans, bubble 100 toffees, plastic crates, shrink wrap.
wraps, etc. plastic trays, etc.
Types of Packaging on the basis of Method
18
Anti-Corrosive Pharma Packaging Plastic Packaging Flexible Packaging
Packaging

It refers to the It is also known as It is used for It is made from

protection of metal drug packaging and packaging a variety flexible materials
surfaces from used for of items like fragile that can be packed,
corroding in high pharmaceutical or non-perishable sealed and can retain
risk environment operations products freshness of product
 Classification of Food Packaging
19

By Application

Fruits and Vegetables Sauces and Dressings

Bakery and Confectionary

Dairy Products Meat and Seafood

Fig 1 :- Food Packaging Market Share (by Application)
(2020)
20

10%
9% 27%

18%
22%
14%

Backery & Confectionary Dairy Products Fruits & Vegetables

Meat & sea Food Sauces & Dressings others

Source: Muncke (2021)

 Market Share of Various Food Packaging
(by Application)
21

Dairy Shrim
9% Products Packaging
20% 34% 30%
Fruits & 39%
Vegetables Fish Packag-
ing
Meat & sea
37% Food
31% Others
others

Fig 2 :- Fresh Food Packaging Market Fig 3 :- Fresh Sea Food Packaging
Share (by application), 2019 Market Share (by application), 2019
Source: - Muncke (2021)
 Cosmetics
Vegetable
Juices Pharmaceu-
27% 21% ticles
27% 32%
Fruit juices
Food &
Dairy 20% Beverages
19%
22% 32%
Others Others

Fig 4 :- Liquid Food Packaging Fig 5 :- Active, Smart and Intelligent

Market packaging market share (by
Share (by application), 2019 application), 2019

Source: Muncke (2021) 22

 By Material Type

Glass
Flexible Paper &
Cardboard

Rigid Metal

23
Fig 6 :- Market Share of Packaging Material
24

9% 3% Paper & Board

6%
34% Rigid plastic

10% Glass

Flexible plastic

11% Beverage cans

Other metal
27%
Other

Source : Nidhin et al. (2020)

Market Share of Various Packaging (by Material)

Food Product Food Product

Non Alco-
Non Alco- holic Bev-
holic Bev- 14
erage
erage %
2%
38% 22% Personal Care
46% Personal 22%
Care 19% Alcoholic
1% 13%
20% Beverage
1%
Alcoholic
Beverage Pharmaceu-
ticals
Pharmaceu-
ticals Industry
Chemical

Fig 7 :- Glass Packaging Market Fig 8 :- Metal Packaging Market

Share Share
Source : Nidhin et al. (2020) 25
 Food Product

Non Alco-
holic Bev- Packaged
1 erage
% Food and
6 10% 5% 19% Beverage
1 % Personal 17%
0 Pharmaceu-
50% Care 20% ticals
%
2 39% Other
3 Pharmaceu- Beauty and
% ticals Personalcare
Apparels
Industry
Chemical

Other

Fig 9 :- Polymer Packaging Market Fig 10:- Paper Packaging Market

Share Share

Source : Nidhin et al. (2020) 26

Packaging Materials Packaging Types Preferred in applications

Paper and Board Cartoons, Boxes, Bags, Light weight, lower cost,
Wrappers easy disposal and
availability

Plastics Cartons, Bags, Wrappers, Existing technology, light

Pouches, Bottles, weight, corrosion
Containers, Caps, Pallets resistance, versatility of
use and attractive
designing
Glass Bottles, Jars, Jugs Transparent, good,
strength, high rigidity, gas
and water-vapour barrier,
chemically inert

Tinplate Cans, Containers, Caps Strength, good barrier

properties, long shelf life,
reusable, ease of recycling

Laminates (plastic and Pouches, Films, Tubes, Strength, good barrier

paper) Bags properties, grease
resistance, heat-seal
property, attractive
designing

Source :- Annual Report of Indian Institute of Packaging 27

Fig 11 :- Major Components of Packaging Industry
28
Paper

Packaging
Plastic
machinery
Supply Package
Metal
slide manufacturing
Packaging
Glass
Packaging services
industry Consumer/end
Wood
user
Demand
Institutional Food
side

Industrial Beverages

Petrochemicals

Source :- FAO Report (2020)

 Indian Packaging Industry
29

 Indian Institute of Packaging also known as IIP

 Established by Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, In

1966

 Head office at Mumbai and regional centre at Chennai,

Kolkata, Delhi and Hyderabad.

 In Hyderabad centre new Govt. of AP has extended support

to provide land free of cost at Sanathnagar.
 Indian Packaging Industry
30
 The Indian packaging industry has reached at 780 million INR by
FY20, growing at a CAGR of 18% during 2019-20.
 Indian packaging industry is becoming a preferred hub for global
packaging industry and it is emerging as one of the largest sector in
India’s economy.
 With steady growth over the past years, the industry is showing
firm potential for expansion, including in the export markets.
 Low cost of packaging, in some cases 40% lower than the costs in
many parts of Europe, combined with India’s resources of skilled
labour, make the Indian packaging industry a potential sector for
investment.

Source :- PIAI (2020)

 Indian Food Packaging Industry
31

Packaged food is the fastest-growing segment in the

Indian packaging industry.
The total turnover of food packaging segment stands at
around 15 billion$ and accounts for around 55%
market shares.
According to the Packaging Industry Association of
India (PIAI), the sector is growing at 24% to 27% per
annum.
The Indian packaging industry constitutes about 4
percent of the global packaging industry.
Source :- Annual Report of Indian Institute of Packaging (2020)
 Indian Food Packaging Industry
32

 Estimated growth of the packaged food industry is 60% to

80% in the next five years.
 India is one of the top five markets for packaged food in the
world, and the second largest in Asia.
 India will become the third biggest market for packaged
food in 2020, after China and the United States.
 Indian Food Packaging Industry
33
 As urban regions account for over 80 percent of the demand for

packaged food, there is a huge growth potential in semi-urban and rural

regions.
 Global per capita consumption of packaging in terms of value

estimated is 115$ per person per year and for India, it is - 55$ per
person per year.
 The rising internet penetration, increasing ordering frequency and

increasing market size of online retail industry boosted Indian food

packaging industry.
 Fig 12:- Market size of Online Retail Industry
34

Market Size of Online Retail Industry in USD million,

India, 2016-2022*
80
73
70
60
60

50

40
32.7
30

20 17.8
14.5
10

0
2016 2017 2018 2020 2022*

Market Size of Online Retail Industry in USD million, India, 2016-2022*

Source :- Annual Report of Indian Institute of Packaging (2020)

 Fig 13 :- Market Size of Packaged Food in million
INR, India (2016-2020)
35

Chart Title

2020 780

2019 730

2018 660

2017 600

2016 530
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Series1

Source:- PIAI (2020)

Top 10 Food Packaging Companies in India
36

Ranking Company name Location

1) Omprakash Packaging Private Limited Ambarnath , Maharashtra
2) Ace Finepack Private Limited Kochi , Kerala
3) Branopac India Private Limited Panipat , Haryana
4) Kankriya Enterprises Pvt. Ltd. Madhavaram , Chennai
5) Gujarat Shopee Rajkot , Gujarat
6) Bulk Corp International Sanand , Ahmedabad
7) V.K. Engineering and Company Palayam , Coimbatore
8) Growmax Machinery Noida , Uttar Pradesh
9) Ace Conveyor Solutions Noida , Uttar Pradesh
10) Umashree Texplast Pvt. Ltd. Kalol , Gandhinagar

Source :- www.infoisinfo.co.in (2020)

 Global Food Packaging Industry
37

 Size of packaging industry worldwide :- >850 Billion$.

 The global food packaging market size was 304.98 billion$ in 2020.
 The global food packaging market grow at a CAGR of 5.2% of 2020.
 In the world scenario, the total turnover of packaging industry is about
>850 billion $ where Indian share is about 24.6 billion $ per annum.
 World packaging industry has been growing rate of 3-5% per annum.
 Asia-pacific – world’s 3rd largest packaging market & Growing rate of
over 5-6% per annum.

Source:- Annual Report of Indian Institute of Packaging (2020)

 Global Food Packaging Market 2015-20
(US$ Billion)
38

Year Revenue( Billion$) YoY Growth

2015 258.20 2.80%
2016 265.90 3.00%
2017 275.10 3.50%
2018 286.00 4.00%
2019 298.70 4.40%
2020 314.30 5.20%

Source : Nidhin et al. (2020)

 Fig 14 :-Global volume share of different
packaging products
39
Sales Flexible plastics
2.10 PET Bottle
% 14.4
0% Metal Beverage Cans
2.30
% Glass Bottles
3.00 27.90% Thin wall plastic con-
% tainers
4.50 folding cartoons
% 5.70%
16.50% Brick Liquid Cartoons
HDPE Bottles
7.20
Metal food cans
%
8.20 Flexible aluminium/plastic
8.30%
%
Other
Source :- EMI-PMMI Report (2020)
 SWOT ANALYSIS OF INDIAN FOOD PACKAGING
INDUSTRY
40
STRENGTHS WEAKNESS
1. Increasing working population 1. Inadequate focus on quality control
2. Urbanization 2. Cost of equipments
3. Lifestyle 3. Cost of packaging
4. Brand enhancement and
differentiation

OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
1. Retail Boom 1. Environmental Issues
2. FDI in multi brand retailing 2. Restrictive trade practices by
3. Low manufacturing costs consumer countries
4. Rural Marketing 3. Highly competitive and cyclical
industry

Source :- Market Publishers Report (2012)

 Present status of Indian Food Packaging
Industry
41
 According to the Indian Institute of Packaging (IIP), packaging
consumption in India increased 200% in the past decade, from
4.3 kgs per person per annum (pppa) to 8.6 kgs pppa.
 The demand for packaging is growing due to the rising
population, increasing income levels, changing lifestyles,
increased media penetration through the internet, television,
and growing economy. Moreover, it is one of the strongest
growing sectors in the country.
 According to Care Ratings, a prominent credit rating company
in India, more than 49% of the paper produced in the country is
used for packaging purposes.

Source :- www.ibef.org (2019)

Present status of Indian Food Packaging
Industry
42
 The Packaging Industry in India is expected to register a
CAGR of approximately 26.7% during the period (2022-
2027).
 After the COVID-19 pandemic, most developed countries
burned wastepaper or used it for landfills to avoid
coronavirus spread. This has resulted in a huge shortage of
raw materials for Indian paper mills.
 The manufacturers of Indian corrugated cardboard boxes are
working to keep transport packaging flowing to makers of
essential products, including packaging for food and other
consumer products, medical and pharmaceutical products,
tissue, and hygiene products.
 Present status of Indian Food Packaging
Industry
43
 Packaging is among the high growth industries in India and
developing @ 22-25% per annum and becoming a preferred hub
for packaging industry.
 This industry has reported steady growth over past several years
and shows high potential for much expansion, particularly in the
export market.
 Costs of processing and packaging food can be up to 40% lower
than parts of Europe which, combined with India's resources of
skilled labour, make it an attractive venue for investment.
 A high degree of potential exists for almost all user segments
which are expanding appreciably - processed foods, hard and soft
drinks, fruit and marine products.
 PACKAGING TRENDS FOR 2020
44
1) Sustainability and Environmentally Friendly Packaging
Materials
 "reduce, reuse and recycle" is only
expected to grow louder as the world
continues to become aware of the
environmental impacts of packaging
supplies on the environment. The vast
problems associated with plastics and other
waste materials that have found their way
to our sea will force companies to offer
environmentally friendly alternatives.
This has recently been seen in Coca-Cola’s marketing campaign to
encourage consumers to recycle its bottles.
Source :- www.duplointernational.com (2021)
 PACKAGING TRENDS FOR 2020
45

2) Smart Packaging
 Whether we are talking about augmented reality, QR codes or chip
technology, it all relates to the idea of smart packaging.
 Smart packaging will help to ensure superior tracking capabilities for
all products and will continue to change how consumers interact with
products and their packaging.
3) Vintage Packaging
 As the saying goes, "what is old is new again". In our modern
technology-driven age, consumers are beginning to show more interest
in experiences that remember back to simpler times.
 In the world of packaging this means that we will be seeing more
modern designs based on vintage aesthetics and colours, tugging at the
nostalgic emotions of consumers.
 PACKAGING TRENDS FOR 2020
46

4) Sophisticated and minimalistic packaging

 Minimalism in packaging is a reference not only to the amount of
packaging material being used in order to ensure the least impact on the
environment, but also in regard to the branding of the product contained
within it. Straight forward, easy to digest, high contrast designs that
clearly and simply make a statement
5) Evolution of E-commerce Packaging
 Finally, we come to e-commerce. In the age of Amazon, one thing is
clear. E-commerce is here and it is here to stay. Amazon is buckling
down on their commitment to ensuring that their packaging is both
strong and protective of the products inside while simultaneously
speaking of a dedication to sustainability and environmental issues. It is
no surprise that other companies in the e-com business are also trying to
balance this act.
 Current Trends
47

Growth in consumer packaged goods

Growth of organized retail
Increasing use of Flexible Packaging
Growth in the usage of Metal Packaging
Usage of glass packaging for Beverages
Increasing usage of Tetra packs for dairy and juice
products
Coding and marking
 Current Trends
48

Aseptic Packaging
Usage of recyclable packaging material
Vacuum Packaging
Modified Atmosphere Packaging
Aerosol packaging
Skin Packaging
Shrink and Stretch Packaging
Temper evident Packaging
 Green Packaging
49
 Green Packaging is also known as sustainable packaging.
 It uses materials and manufacturing techniques to diminish
energy use and reduce the harmful impacts of packaging on
environment.
 Green Packaging solutions often include biodegradable and
recyclable materials in preference to materials like plastic.
 Green Package manufacturing processes take steps to reduce
their power output and diminish the number of greenhouse
emissions they produce.
 Materials Used in Green Packaging
50
Starch – Based Biomaterial
Other Plant – Based Biomaterial
Biodegradable Packing Peanuts
Corrugated Bubble Wrap
Mushroom – Based Packing
Recycled Cardboard and Paper
Post – Consumer Recycled Plastics
Organic Fabrics
Refurbished Products
 Fig 15 :- Restaurant online order collapsed as
COVID-19 gathered pace
51

Note: Data includes online order, online reservations, phone reservations,

and walk-ins at restaurants on the OpenTable network; estimates are based
on a sample of approximately 20 000 restaurants.
Source: www.OpenTable.com
 Challenges
52

• Rapid changes in technology

• Shortage and Rising cost of raw material
• Costly Skilled Manpower
• Rising input costs
• Highly inadequate credit flow
• Lack of Market Access & Advanced technology
• Lack of exposure to Best Management and Manufacturing
Practices
• Lack of 100% commitment to the quality standards
• Lack of Marketing, Distribution and Branding
• Non-availability of skilled man-power
 Macro-Economic Challenges
53
 At a macro level, the GDP growth slowed down to a seven-
year low of 4.7% in October-December 2019. The National
Statistical Office has also pegged the economic growth at 5
percent for FY 2019-20 in its second advance estimates.
These factors have directly impacted employment rates and
have hit the consumer sentiment putting a brake on
spending. This coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic is
straining the supply side and hurting the economy as well.
 Cumulatively, these factors will impact the packaging
industry since a large section of the population holds on to
discretionary spending that propels the economy.
 Unbranded Products & Fragmented
Supply
54
 At a micro level, the fragmented
nature of the supply side leads to
industry challenges. Adding up to
that is that packaging as a product
category is unbranded. Together this
creates a mediocre customer
experience with issues such as
inconsistent packaging quality and
tedious vendor discovery. For
manufacturers, this means
underutilized capacities, inconsistent
processes, and reduced margins. End
result - a suboptimal demand and
supply system with tremendous room
for improvement.
 Strategies and Recommendations
55
Addressing the Technological Changes
Reducing the Cost of Raw Materials and Innovation
Increasing the Availability of Skilled Manpower
Strengthening the Packaging Machinery Sector
Complying with Food Safety Regulations in Packaging
Compliance to Environmental Standards
Packaging Design and Innovation
Certification Multiplicity and Complexities
Restructuring Research and Development
Policy Framework and Government Initiatives
 Conclusion
56
Packaging is an indispensable part of modern life created by technology. Today,
people’s living style, situation, their busy work schedule, accessibility and
knowledge to cook and many other factors have played an important role in the
rising demand for pre-packed food which in turn has increased the overall
production of food packaging. Green packaging technology which is affordable,
manufactured using natural resources, which can protect the food in its entire
shelf life, allowing portions, ease of use, small footprint, having technological
advantages and functional features, and is environmentally friendly contributes
to the quality of human life. Nowadays, using efficient packaging technologies,
packaging is thinned as much as possible, weight has been reduced and package
failure is minimized. Its shape, opening and closing features, and sizing have led
the operation of eating to be easier and more practical and safer in compliance
with consumer demands and expectations. Technologies are immensely
advancing and intelligent packaging is on the horizon and very likely to take over
the packaging industry in the upcoming years.
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57
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