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MHD Power Generation (2)

The document discusses non-conventional energy systems, specifically focusing on Magneto Hydrodynamic (MHD) generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the interaction of magnetic fields and plasma flow. It outlines the advantages of MHD systems, such as their simple structure and high power density, as well as limitations including reverse flow issues and the need for large magnets. Additionally, it describes different types of MHD generators, including Faraday, Hall, and Disk generators, highlighting their operational principles and configurations.

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6 views35 pages

MHD Power Generation (2)

The document discusses non-conventional energy systems, specifically focusing on Magneto Hydrodynamic (MHD) generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the interaction of magnetic fields and plasma flow. It outlines the advantages of MHD systems, such as their simple structure and high power density, as well as limitations including reverse flow issues and the need for large magnets. Additionally, it describes different types of MHD generators, including Faraday, Hall, and Disk generators, highlighting their operational principles and configurations.

Uploaded by

PREMESH REDDY PYINTI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Non-conventional Energy Systems

(DE-III, ME-704/2)

Uttam Rana
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and
Technology, Shibpur, Howrah-711103
Magneto hydrodynamic generator (MHD)
• Interactions between electrical field, magnetic field and
plasma flow
• Magnetic filed and Plasma flow produces electrical filed
(Faraday’s EMF)
• Electric filed (Current) and Magnetic filed produces flow
(Lorentz force)
• When an electric conductor is moved so as to cut lines of magnetic induction,
the charged particles in the conductor experiences a force in a direction
mutually perpendicular to the field B and the velocity of the conductor.

• The positive charge move in one direction


and the negative charges in the opposite
directions
• This induced emf provide the basis for
converting mechanical energy into electrical
energy.

The production of electrical power through the use of a conducting


fluid moving through a magnetic field referred to as MHD power
generation
MHD Accelerator
Advantages and Limitations

• Simple Structure (only MHD Channel , electrode, insulator and magnet)


• No moving parts
no turbine and no rotating generator
good for space applications
ceramic material can be used
• High Power density ---- high electric field, current density
• High temperature operation ---- looking for suitable material
Simple Structure
• Suffers from reverse flow (short circuits) of electrons through the
conducting fluids around the ends of the magnetic field.
• Needs very large magnets (major expense)
• High friction and heat transfer losses.
Faraday Generator
• A magnetic field B is applied in a
transverse direction of motion of
the electrically conducting gas
flowing through an insulated duct
with velocity u.
• The charged particles moving
with the gas will experience an
The main practical issue with faraday induced electric filed uxB.
generator is differential voltages and • This will drive an electric current
currents in the fluid short through the in the direction perpendicular to
electrodes on the sides both u and B
• The electrode walls are
segmented and insulated from
each other.
•The electric power is taken out
in a series of loads.
Hall Generator
• The Faraday field across each
sector of the channel is short-
circuited
•The sectors are connected in
series.
• This allows the connection of a
single electric load between the
ends of the channel.

• Consideration of the electric potentials at


different points in the channel leads to the
observation that an equipotential runs
diagonally across the insulator walls
• The electrodes may be appropriately
staggered to match the equipotential.
•The series connection of these electrodes
in this diagonal generator permits a single
electric load to be used
Disk Generator

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