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Fundamental Elements of Machining Process

The document outlines the fundamental elements of the machining process, including cutting speed, feeding speed, depth of cut, cutting time, and rate of metal removal. It explains the significance of these parameters in machining operations, particularly in turning and drilling processes, and provides formulas for calculating each parameter. Additionally, it discusses factors affecting these parameters and the importance of understanding engineering drawings for successful machining.

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hilmi firmansyah
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5 views

Fundamental Elements of Machining Process

The document outlines the fundamental elements of the machining process, including cutting speed, feeding speed, depth of cut, cutting time, and rate of metal removal. It explains the significance of these parameters in machining operations, particularly in turning and drilling processes, and provides formulas for calculating each parameter. Additionally, it discusses factors affecting these parameters and the importance of understanding engineering drawings for successful machining.

Uploaded by

hilmi firmansyah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS

OF MACHINING PROCESS
Teknik Pemesinan Lanjut ( Minggu ke 6)
INTRODUCTION

 To make a machine component product, an operator must


understand the engineering drawing. Where in the engineering
drawing the geometric specifications are stated. After determining
the next objective size, the chisel must remove some of the
workpiece material until the objective size is achieved by the
machining process.
 This situation always applies to every machining process planning,
so that five basic elements of the machining process can be put
forward, namely:
FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF
MACHINING PROCESS
 Kecepatan potong (cutting speed) : v (m/min)
 Kecepatan makan (feeding speed) : (mm/min)
 Kedalaman pemotongan (depth of cut) : a (mm)
 Waktu pemotongan ( cutting time) : (min)
 Kecepatan penghasil geram ( rate of metal removal ) : Z (/min)
CUTTING SPEED

 is the ability of a cutting tool to cut material safely producing chips


in units of length/time (m/minute or feet/minute).
 The cutting speed value is determined by the type of cutting tool
and the type of workpiece being cut.
CUTTING SPEED TABLE (CS) OF
MATERIALS
FEEDING SPEED/FEED RATE (F)

 is the distance traveled by the tool/workpiece in millimeters per


minute or feet per minute. In rotary motion, the feed rate, (f) is the
forward movement of cutting tool/workpiece in (n) rotations of the
workpiece/blade per minute.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT FEEDING
SPEED
 type of cutting tool material used
 the type of work carried out, for example flat turning, threading,
cutting or carteling and so on
 Use coolent or not
 the type of material to be turned, for example iron, steel, stainless
steel, or other non-ferrous materials
 Depth of cut
CUTTING TIME

 Cutting Time is the time required to process a product.


 Factors that affect cutting time:
1. Total turning length / turning travel (L)
2. Feeding speed/ feed rate
RATE OF METAL REMOVAL

 The chip formation mechanism can be viewed from two angles in


the cutting tool eye, namely:
 1. Sudut potong utama ( principal cutting edge)
 2. Sudut geram (rake angle)
TURNING PROCESS

 The workpiece is hold by a chuck mounted on the main shaft.


 Set the main shaft rotation (n). The main shaft output value is
generally graded according to the standard, for example: 630,
710, 800, 900, 1000, 1120, 1250, 1400, 1600, 1800 and 2000 rpm.
 The feed rate (f) available on a lathe is according to standard
levels, for example: 0.1, 0.112, 0.125, 0.14, 0.16 (mm/r)
CUTTING CONDITIONS ON A LATHE

 Workpiece : = initial diameter (mm)


= final diameter (mm)
= the length of machining (mm)
 Cutting tool : = main cutting angle
= Chips angle
 Lathe machine : a = depth of cut (mm)
f = feed movements (mm/r)
n = main shaft rotation (spindle) ( benda kerja)
(r/min)
CUTTING CONDITIONS ON A LATHE
LATHE CUTTING PARAMETER
FORMULA
 Cutting speed (CS) = (m/min)

 Considering that the cutting speed value for each type of material
has been set as a standard, the component that can be adjusted in
the cutting process is the rotation speed of the
machine/workpiece.
LATHE CUTTING PARAMETER
FORMULA
 Feeding speed/ feeed rate : = f . n (mm/min)

 Cutting time : = / (min) or

 rate of metal removal: Z = f. A. v


LATHE CUTTING PARAMETER
FORMULA
PROSES GURDI (DRILLING)

 The cutting tools drill (drill bit) has two cutting edges and carries
out the cutting motion by rotating the main axis of the drill
machine.
 Feeding motion can be selected if the drill machine has a motor-
powered feeding system (power feeding).
 Meanwhile, for small types of drilling machines (bench drilling
machines), the feed motion cannot be ascertained because it
depends on the strength of the hand to press the press arm from
the main shaft.
CUTTING CONDITIONS IN THE
DRILLING PROCESS
 Workpiece : = cutting length of the workpiece(mm)
 Cutting tool : d = drill diameter (mm)
: = Main cutting angle
= ½ sudut ujung (point angle)
Drill machine : n = main shaft rotation(r/min)
: = feeding speed / feed rate (mm/min)
CUTTING CONDITIONS IN THE
DRILLING PROCESS
DRILLING MACHINE CUTTING
PARAMETER FORMULA
 Cutting speed (CS) = (mm/min)

 Considering that the cutting speed value for each type of material
has been set as a standard, the component that can be adjusted in
the cutting process is the rotation speed of the
machine/workpiece.
DRILLING MACHINE CUTTING
PARAMETER FORMULA
 Feeding movements : f = / n (mm/r)
 Depth of cut : a = d/2 (mm)
 Cutting time : = / (min)
where : = + + (mm)
THANKYOU
CONTOH SOAL 1
CONTOH SOAL 2
CONTOH SOAL 3
CONTOH SOAL 4

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