JnU Int.

GK Written Class – 04

cÖkœ: OPEC ev †Zj ißvwbKviK †`k*‡jvi msMVb m¤ú‡K© wjL|

we‡k^i †Zj ißvwbKviK †`k¸‡jvi msMVb OPEC (Organization of

the Petroleum Exporting Countries) | hv 1960 mv‡j c\wZwôZ
nq| OPEC we‡k^i R¦vjvbx †Z‡ji evRv‡i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i | msw’vwUi m`i `ßi Aw÷ªqvi wf‡qbvq Aeww’Z |
eZ©gvb m`m¨ †`k 12 wU | me©‡kl m`m¨ †`k
K‡½vcRvªZš¿ (2018)| 2019 mv‡j GB msw’v †_‡K KvZvi Ges
2020 mv‡ji 1 jv Rvbyqvwi BKz‡qWi m`m¨c` Z¨vM K‡ib|
msw’vwUi D‡Ïk¨ m`m¨ ‡`k ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ciwúi‡K evwYwR¨K myweav
w`‡q gy³ evwY‡R¨i GKwU wekvj GjvKv M‡o †Zvjv|
cÖkœ: ‡Kvixq msKU I mvbmvBb cwjwm m¤ú‡K© wjL-

Dǐi: 1948 mv‡j †Kvixq DcØxc w^vaxb n‡j cxZ mvMi‡K †K›`ª
K‡i Dǐi †Kvwiqv I `wÿY †Kvwiqvi ga¨ we‡iva *iæ nq| 1950
‡_‡K 1953 mvj ch©šÍ †Kvixq DcØxc †Kvixq hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡o|
1953 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni ga¨w’Zvi kvwšÍi Rb¨ HK¨ Pzw³i gva¨‡g
†Kvixq hy‡×i Aemvb nq| 1998 mv‡j `wÿY †Kvwiqvi mv‡eK c\
wm‡W›U wKg `v‡q Rs Dǐi †Kvwiqv I `wÿY †Kvwiqvi ga¨ †h
kvwšc
Í~Y© K~UbxwZ
M\nY K‡ib Zv BwZnv‡m mvbmvBb cwjwm bv‡g cwiwPZ| 2006
mv‡j Dǐi †Kvwiqv Aóg cvigvYweK †`k wn‡m‡e cvigvYweK cixÿv
Pvjv‡j †Kvixq DcØx‡c cybivq D‡ǐRbv *iæ nq Ges 2007 mv‡j
mvbmvBb cwjwm wkw_j nq|
cÖkœ: BDGbGBPwmAvi Gi c~Y© Awfe¨w³ Kx? Gi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ Kx? (JnU
19-20)

Dǐi: UNHCR Gi c~Y© Awfe¨w³ n‡jv The United Nations

High Commissioner for Refugees (RvwZmsN kiYv_x© welqK
gvZ…f~wgPz¨Z kiYv_x©‡`i iÿv Kiv, Zv‡`i Aew’vb‡K mg_©b
†RvMv‡bv, A_©‣bwZK mn‡hvwMZv Ges wbR †`‡k †div ev
h‡Zvchy³ cybev©m‡bi e¨ew’v Kiv| UNHCR Gi eZ©gvb
nvBKwgkbvi n‡jv wdwj‡àv M\vwÛ| wZwb GKv`kZg (11k Zg)
nvBKwgkbvi|

cÖkœ: V J Day (Victory Over Japan Day) m¤ú‡K© wjL|

Dǐi: BwZnv‡mi e„nǐg hy× wØZxq wek^hy× hv 1939 mv‡j

†_‡K 1945 mvj ch©šÍ AbywôZ nq| wØZxq wek^hy‡×i Aÿkw³i
†`k Rvcv‡bi wn‡ivwkgvq wjUb eq Ges bvMvmvwK‡Z d¨vUg¨vb
†evgv wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡j 1945 mv‡j 14 AvM÷ Rvcvb AvZ¥mgc©Y
K‡i| wKš‘ Rvcvb 1945 mv‡ji 2 †m‡Þ¤^i †UvwKI †e †Z
hy×RvnvR BDGmGm wg‡m․ix‡Z AvbyôvwbKfv‡e AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i
Ges hy× AvbyôvwbK mgvwß
†NvlYv Kiv nq| GB w`‡b UvBgm †w‥vqv‡i wbDBqK©evmx wf-‡R
w`em cvjb K‡i| hv BwZnv‡m V J Day (Victory Over Japan
Day) bv‡g wPi w§iYxq n‡q
AvQ|

cÖkœ: †mvfvm© Pzw³ ev †m‡ùm Pzw³ wK Ges Pzw³ m¤ú‡K© wjL?

Dǐi: 1920 mv‡ji 10 AvM÷ c\_g wek^hy‡×i Imgvbxq

m¤ªvR¨ (Zziw‥) I wgÎ kw³i g‡a¨ d«v‡Ýi c¨vwi‡mi †m‡ùm kn‡i
GB Pzw³ w^vÿwiZ nq , hvi AvbyôvwbK bvg The Treaty of
Peace Between the Allied and Associated Powers and the
Ottoman Empire. GB Pzw³i d‡j A‡Uvg¨vb m¤ªv‡R¨i wefw³i
cwiKíbv Kiv nq| GB Pzw³‡Z ejv nq wmwiqv, †jevbb d«v‡Ýi
Aax‡b
_vK‡e Ges BivK, wdwjwwÍb weª‡U‡bi Aax‡b _vK‡e|
 cÖkœ: †f‡Uv Kx ? †fv‡Uv AwaKvix †`k Kx Kx?
Dǐi: j¨vwUb †f‡Uv (Veto) k‡ãi A_© ÔAvwg GUv gvwb bvÕ| GwU
wbivcǐv cwil‡`i w’vqx m`m¨‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl ÿgZv | wbivcǐv
cwil‡`i w’vqx †h †Kvb m`m¨ cwil‡`i c\wÍv‡ei wec‡ÿ †fvU w`‡j
Zv evwZj e‡j MY¨ nq Ges c\wÍv‡ei wec‡ÿ †fvU`v‡bi GB ÿgZvB
n‡jv †f‡Uv| †f‡Uv AwaKvix †`k cuvPwU| h_v 1. hy³ivóª , 2. ivwkqv
,
3. hy³ivR¨ , 4. d«vÝ , 5. Pxb|
cÖkœ: we‡k^i cwi‡ek `~lYKvix 8 wU †`k /E-8 m¤ú‡K© wjL|

Dǐi: E-8 n‡jv we‡k^ cwi‡ek `~lYKvix 8 wU †`k I msw’vi

mgš^‡q MwVZ msMVb| E-8 fz³ †`k I msMVb n‡jv- eªvwRj,
ivwkqv, fviZ, Pxb, `wÿY Awd«Kv, hy³ivóª, Rvcvb I EU | E-8
fz³ †`k¸‡jv wek^ M\xb nvDm M¨v‡mi 70 kZvsk wbM©gb K‡i|

cÖkœ: CLEXIT Kx?

Dǐi: K¨vwj‡dwb©qvi w^vaxbZv PvIqv‡K CLEXIT (California
Exit) ejv nq| GwU hy³iv‡óªi GKwU A½ivR¨| Giv hy³ivóª †_‡K
w^vaxbZv Pvq, RbmsL¨vi w`K
†_‡K GwU hy³iv‡óªi e„nǐg A½ivR¨| GLv‡b B‡jK‡Uvivj K‡j‡Ri
msL¨v 55 wU| 1950 mv‡j hy³iv‡óª 31 Zg A½ivR¨ wn‡m‡e
hy³iv‡óª ‡hvM`vb K‡i|
cÖkœ: WHA ‡Kvb ai‡bi ms¯’v?

Dǐi: World Health Assembly ev WHA n‡”Q wek^ w’vw’¨

msw’vi wm×všÍ M\nYKvix GKwU A½, hv c\wZeQi myBRvij¨v‡Ûi
†R‡bfvq AbywôZ nq| GB Awa‡ek‡bi mg‡q wek^ w^vw’¨
msw’vi 194 wU m`m¨ †`k WHA- i GKwRwKDwUf
†ev‡W©i •Zwi Kiv †`Iqv w^vw’¨ m¤úwK©Z wel‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i,
bZzb j ÿ ¨ ww’i K‡i Ges †m j ÿ ¨ c~i‡Yi Rb¨ Kg©m~wP avh©
cÖkœ: hy³ivóª †Kvb RvwZcy‡ei D‡`¨v³v n‡qI RvwZcy‡ei m`m¨c` MÖnY K‡iwb?

Dǐi: c\_gZ, RvwZcy‡ei 10 bs Aby‡”Q`‡K hy³ivóª gvb‡Z cv‡iwb|

GLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, †h †`k Enternal Aggression Gi wkKvi n‡q‡Q
Zviv ÿwZc~iY cv‡e|
†m‡ÿ‡Î d«vÝ I weª‡Ub Qvov †KD Zv cv‡e bv| wØZxqZ, 1823
mv‡ji gb‡iv bxwZ AbymiY K‡i gvwK©b Ks‡M\m D‡Wªv DBjmb‡K
RvwZcy‡ei m`m¨c` M\nY AbygwZ
†`qwb|
cÖkœ: UNO KZ mv‡j KZwU †`k wb‡q cÖwZô jvf K‡i?
Dǐi: UNO Gi c~Y©ƒic United Nations Organization. wØZxq
wek^hy‡×i ci jxM Ac b¨vkÝ Gi e¨_©Zvi we‡k^i kvwšÍ I wbivcǐv
wbwðZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ M‡o D‡V RvwZsmN| 1945 mv‡j 26 Ryb
we‡k^i 50 wU †`‡ki c\wZwbwa hy³iv‡óªi
mvbd«vwÝm‡Kv‡Z 111 aviv m¤^wjZ RvwZms‡Ni g~j mb‡` w^vÿi
K‡ib| 1945
mv‡ji 15 A‡±vgi 51 Zg †`k wn‡m‡e †cvjvÛ RvwZms‡Ni mb‡`
w^vÿi K‡ib| 1945 mv‡ji 24 A‡±vei RvwZmsN 51 wU m`m¨
†`k wb‡q c\wZwôZ nq|
†cvj¨vÛ‡KI RvwZms‡Ni c\ZwôZv m`m¨ aiv nq|
cÖkœ: Atlantic Charter (AvUjvw›UK mb`) Kx?
Dǐi: wek^ kvwšÍ evwÍevq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ 1941 mv‡j weªwUk c\avbgš¿x
DBb÷b PvwP©j Ges gvwK©b ‡c\wm‡W›U iæR‡fë AvUjvw›UK
gnvmvM‡ii weªwUk iYZix wc\‡Ýi Ae I‡qjm- G wØcvÿxq Av‡jvPbvq
wgwjZ nb| 1941 mv‡ji 12 AvM÷ Zvuiv GKwU kvwšÍ cwiKíbvi
Lomv c\Yqb K‡ib| GwU‡K weL¨vZ AvUjvw›UK mb` ejv nq|
cÖkœ: RvwZms‡Ni g~j A½ ms¯’v KqwU I Kx Kx?
 3. Economic & Social Council (A_©‣bwZK I mvgvwRK
cwil`)
4. Secretariat (mwPevjq)
5. International Court of Justice (AvšÍRv©wZK Av`vjZ)
6. Trusteeship Council (AwQ cwil`)
cÖkœt mvK© ỳ‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv †K›`ª KqwU?
Dǐi: 2016 mv‡j mv‡K©i 4 wU c\v³b †K‡›`ªi mgš^q cyb©M©Vb
Kiv nq mvK© `y‡hv©M e¨ew’vcbv †K›`ª| PviwU †K›`ª n‡jv-
7.mvK© `y‡hv©M e¨ew’vcbv †K›`ª- bqvw`wjø, fviZ|
8.mvK© AenvIqv M‡elYv †K›`ª- XvKv, evsjv‡`k|
9.mvK© eb ‡K›`ª-w_¤úy, fzUvb
10.mvK© DcK~jxq AÂj e¨ew’vcbv †K›`ª- gv‡j, gvjØxc|

cÖkœ: hy³iv‡óªi wbDBqK© kn‡i m`m¨ ` ß i Aew¯’Z Ggb 5 wU ms¯’vi bvg

wjL-
Dǐi:
1.RvwZmsN (UNO)
2.RvwZmsN wk* Znwej (UNICEF)
3.RvwZms‡Ni RbmsL¨v Znwej (UNFPA)
4.RvwZmsN Dbœqb Kg©m~wP (UNDP)
5.RvwZmsN bvix Dbœqb Znwej (UNIFEM)
cÖkœ: bì‡b m`i ` ß i Aew¯’Z Ggb 4 wU ms¯’vi bvg wjL|
11.AvšÍRv©wZK mgy`ª PjvPj msw’v - IMO
12.A·dvg B›Uvib¨vkbvj|
13.A¨vg‡bw÷ B›Uib¨vkbvj
14.KgbI‡qj_ Ae †bkbm|
 c\kœ: mvBd«vwÝm‡Kv m‡¤§jb †Kb n‡qwQj?
Dǐi: 25 Gwc\j †_‡K 26 Ryb 1945 mv‡j mvbd«vwÝm‡Kv‡Z wgÎkw³i
†`k mg~n
•eV‡K wgwjZ nq| 50 wU iv‡óªi 850 Rb c\wZwbwa GB m‡¤§j‡b
Ask M\nY K‡i| 10 c~Yv©½ c\wÍve mg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq|
Av‡jvPbv, chv©‡jvPbv I †f‡Uv ÿgZv wb‡q Zxeª gZv‣b‡K¨i ci
Ae‡k‡l m¤§j‡b Dcww’Z c\wZwbwae„›` wbivcǐv cwil‡`i 5 wU w’vqx
m`‡m¨i Ô‡f‡Uv ÿgZvÕ †g‡b †bq Ges me©m¤§Z fv‡e RvwZmsN
mb` M„wnZ nq| 111wU aviv Ges 19 wU Aa¨v‡qi mgš^‡q
RvwZmsN mb` •Zwi Kiv nq| 26 Ryb 1945 mv‡j Dcww’Z 50
wU †`k w^vÿ‡ii g‡a¨ w`‡q RvwZms‡Ni Rb¥ nq| 15 A‡±vei
1945 mv‡j †cvj¨vÛ mb‡` w^vÿi K‡i Ges 24 A‡±vei RvwZmsN
AvbyôvwbK fv‡e hvÎv *iæ K‡i| 24 A‡±vei RvwZmsN w`em
wn‡m‡e cvwjZ nq|