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Grade 12 Doppler effect

The Doppler effect refers to the change in frequency of waves due to the relative motion between a source and an observer. When the source moves toward the observer, the frequency increases, while it decreases when the source moves away. This phenomenon has practical applications in sound, light, radar, and sonar to measure speed and determine motion direction.

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23 views25 pages

Grade 12 Doppler effect

The Doppler effect refers to the change in frequency of waves due to the relative motion between a source and an observer. When the source moves toward the observer, the frequency increases, while it decreases when the source moves away. This phenomenon has practical applications in sound, light, radar, and sonar to measure speed and determine motion direction.

Uploaded by

pranapriya vishaka dd
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics

Semester 2(2024/25)
2.1 Understanding doppler effect
DOPPLER
EFFECT
Doppler effect is defined as the
change in frequency due to the
relative motion between the source
(sound or light)and and observer
Observer ahead of the source
If the source of the wave moves toward the observer, the
waves are compressed, causing the frequency to increase
(higher pitch in sound or shift to the blue end of the
spectrum in light).
fo=vfs/(v-vs)
fo more than fs
Observer behind the source
If the source moves away from the observer, the
waves are stretched, causing the frequency to
decrease (lower pitch in sound or shift to the red end
of the spectrum in light).
fo=vfs/(v+vs)
fo less than fs
Real-World Examples:

● Sound: The classic example is the sound of a siren from an


approaching or receding ambulance or police car.
● Light: In astronomy, the Doppler effect is used to determine
whether stars or galaxies are moving toward or away from Earth
(redshift and blueshift).
● Radar and Sonar: Doppler effect is used to measure the speed
of objects (like vehicles or ships) using radar or sonar.
Applications
Ob-2

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