ART

APPRECIATIO
N:
Art History; Creativity, Imagination
and the Expression; Art (Nature,
Importance, Values, Divisions,
Assumptions and Categorization)
 ART HISTORY AND ART APPRECIATION:

● Art history is studying art objects within their era

period
● According to Britannica Encyclopedia, art history is the
historical study of the visual arts.
The term "Art appreciation" refers to the
knowledge of general and everlasting
qualities that classify all great arts.
 C. S. Flores (1999) states
that art appreciation aims to
make man humane.
 CREATIVITY, IMAGINATION
AND EXPRESSION:

• Creativity allows artists to

generate novel and innovative
ideas, go beyond conventional
boundaries, and produce work
that is unique and original.
Imagination enables artists
to envision and depict
concepts, emotions, and
experiences that may not
exist in the physical world.
According to Albert
Einstein, imagination is
more important than
knowledge. Knowledge is
limited. Imagination
Expression allows artists
to convey their inner
thoughts, feelings, and
perspectives through their
chosen mediums, whether
that be painting, sculpture,
music, literature, or any
other form of artistic
expression. According to
Robin George
Collingwood, expression
 ART
What is art?
The term art (from Latin
word ars) is most often used to
describe the fine arts, which
consists of painting, sculpture,
architecture, literature, dance,
music and film. Works of art can
be classified as verbal or non-
verbal. Mixed arts are a
combination two or more arts like
● The Roman poet Lucretius
● The idealist Greek
philosopher Plato defines art as an
imitation of an imitation.
● On the other hand, Aristotle defines
art as an imitation, but imitation not
of the ideal world but the real
(physical) world. For him, “Art is a
reflection or a mirror of reality.”
UNIVERSALITY AND IMPORTANCE
OF ART:
A. Timelessness of Art – The arts constitute
one of the oldest and most important means of
expression developed by man.
B. Art Imitates Life and
Reality – Art is born in
experience; it is the
footprint or fingerprint of
the artist’s experience of
reality.
 C. Art has Intrinsic Worth:
The Value is in Itself – Every
creative work of art has a life-
enhancing value (Berenson).
 VALUES OF ART
Lourdes Sanchez (UE CAS
Horizons, 1992) enumerates the
values of art:
Aesthetic Value or the art for
art’s sake as championed by
Oscar Wilde.
1. Didactic Value advocates
that art can be effective
means to show what is moral;
that art can improve the
moral fiber of the society.

2.Religious Value is supposed

to increase awareness of
man’s relationship with God
and to promote better and
stronger bonds between God
3. Historical Value is present if arts
tell us some significant aspect about
the past such as the painting of the
First Holy Mass at Limasawa.

4. Socio-political Value such as what

can be gleaned from Juan Luna’s
painting “Spolarium” and form Jose
Rizal’s novels “Noli Me Tangere” and
“El Filibusterismo”, clarify some
problems of society and government.
5. Scientific Value is an art if it informs
us about the earth, the outer space,
psychology, and numbers.

6. Commercial Value exists if the

artwork can sell for a fortune.

7. Pragmatic Value considers not only

aesthetics but the practical value of an
artwork.
8. Therapeutic Value has been explored by
medical science. It reduces stress, foster
mindfulness, and boost self-esteem.

9. Personal Value is flexible. It can lead to self-

discovery, greater self-awareness, self-
development which at the same time is a form of
communication and ideally, self-fulfillment.

10. Political Value is ideal and vital to a healthy

democracy and a society that provides its
DIVISIONS OF ART:

1.Commercial Art – herein includes works that are

made of fine materials, perfect workmanship, and
practical form and harmony of color. A commercial
artist primarily aims to please, satisfies and sells
the intended buyers his creations.
2.Art for Art’s Sake – are those produced for
personal expression and satisfaction of the
creator or of the artist. He creates artworks for
the love of it and follows his instincts and
 ASSUMPTIONS (AND
THEORIES)
1. Art is universal.
OF ART:
Art is universal and timeless, spanning
generations and continents thoroughly.
According to Dudley (1960), "Art is not good
because it is old, but it is old because it
is beautiful."
 2. Art is not nature

● The skill of an artist is not a naturally

found or inherently endowed characteristic
in all men.
3. Art is Imitation
The concept of arts as
imitation may be traced back to two
renowned Greek philosophers, Plato
and Aristotle.
 Aristotle, an empiricist,
rejected the belief in the realm
of ideas. Instead, he believed
that reality exists right in the
world, around us, and within
us, as our senses perceive. Art
is a mirror of reality; therefore,
it brings us in contact with it.
4. Art is Pleasure
Neither Plato nor Aristotle ignored the
role of pleasure in art. On the contrary, they
both believed that art gave pleasure by
representing the physical world. Aristotle, in
his Nicomachean ethics, explained the
connection between imitation, learning, and
pleasure. Imitation is natural to humans from
childhood. One of the advantages of men
over lower animals is that man is the most
imitative creature globally and learns first by
imitation.
5. Art is a Play
Like artists, everybody
needs a break from routine and
drudgery; we need an outlet to
vent our passions, emotions, and
other forms of uncontrolled
expression of energy. Artists find
this in art; they feel it indirectly
through their expression of their
craft.
 6. Art as Expression
Our reactions to art depend on
two related assumptions. First, artists
express their emotions. Second, the
expression is one of the sources of
aesthetic value. However, art as an
expression is concerned with the
relationship between the artist and
their work of art. Art is also concerned
with the relationships between the
7. Art involves Experience
It has been generally
accepted that art is
experience; that all arts
demand and
involves experience, the same
way that there can be no
appreciation of arts without
experience. The process of
creating art is marked by
feelings, intentions, and a
CATEGORIZATIONS
OF ART
According to the Art Hearty website,
"visual art can be defined as a form of
art that uses any medium to represent
the artist’s idea, emotion, and
imagination". Visual art, such as
paintings, sculptures, and architecture,
has evolved through time. Different
eras saw the emergence of various art
movements. The most famous art
movements and styles include
impressionism, cubism, surrealism,
 Visual Arts
• Painting is the method of applying paint,
pigment, color, or other media to a solid surface
(support base).
• Sculpture is making 2D or 3D representative or
abstract forms, especially by carving stone or
wood or casting metal or plaster.
• Photography is the art, application, and skill of
creating images by recording light or other
electromagnetic radiation through an image
sensor or light-sensitive materials.
• Drawing is a form of visual art. It is when a
Performing Arts.

According to the United Nations Educational,

Scientific, and Cultural Organization or
UNESCO (2020), "performing arts range from
vocal and instrumental music, dance, and
theatre to pantomime, sung verse, and
beyond".
• Theater is a collaborative form of fine art that
uses live performers, typically actors or
actresses. Its goal is to present the experience
of an actual or created event before a live
audience in a physical place, such a stage.
• Music is a type of art and cultural activity
that uses sound as its medium. It is also
considered as a sound that is organized
in time.
• Film is a series of still images that, when
shown on screen, create the illusion of
moving images.
• Dance is a performing art form consisting
of purposefully selected sequences of
human movement (Solmerano, 2019).
Dance is a kind of nonverbal
communication where the body’s
 Literature
Literature refers to writing considered to have
artistic merit:
• Prose is a form of language that has no formal
metrical structure. It applies a natural flow of speech
and ordinary grammatical structure instead of
rhythmic structure, such as traditional poetry.

• Poetry is a type of literature based on the interplay of

words and rhythm. It often uses rhyme and meter (a
set of rules governing the number and arrangement
of syllables in each line). In poetry, words are strung
 Applied Arts
Applied arts is a broad subject area
that combines aesthetics, design, consumer
need, and finding practical solutions to
problems. It is an area where innovation and
decoration come together to create objects
and ideas that are useful and beautiful
(Murphy, 2019).

Architecture is the art and science of

designing building and nonbuilding
 Fashion design is a form of art dedicated to
creating clothing and other accessories that
form part of someone’s lifestyle. Modern
fashion designing can be further divided into
two broad categories: ready-to-wear and haute
couture.

Any object made of wood that is aesthetically

pleasing to the eye and functional is called
wood crafts.
Interior design is the art and science of
enhancing the interior of a building to achieve