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1.1 Functions

The document outlines the concept of functions in mathematics, including their definitions, domains, ranges, and various representations such as graphs and numerical tables. It discusses different types of functions, including linear, polynomial, rational, and transcendental functions, as well as the vertical line test for identifying functions. Additionally, it covers piecewise-defined functions and provides examples for better understanding.

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marianeshane1013
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2 views

1.1 Functions

The document outlines the concept of functions in mathematics, including their definitions, domains, ranges, and various representations such as graphs and numerical tables. It discusses different types of functions, including linear, polynomial, rational, and transcendental functions, as well as the vertical line test for identifying functions. Additionally, it covers piecewise-defined functions and provides examples for better understanding.

Uploaded by

marianeshane1013
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUNCTIONS

Prepared by:
Engr. Bryan P. Abgao
COURSE OUTLINE:

• Function Definition
• Domain and Range
• Graphs of a Function
• Representing a Function Numerically
• Vertical Line Test
• Piecewise-Define Functions
• Common Functions
Functions are a tool for describing the real world in mathematical
terms. A function can be represented by an equation, a graph, a
numerical table, or a verbal description.

The value of one variable quantity, say y, depends on the value of


another variable quantity, which we might call x. We say that,

"y is a function of x“

and write this symbolically as

y = f(x) ("y equals f of x")

dependen
t variable independent
variable
Give the natural domains and associated ranges of each
simple functions below.

Function Domain (x)


Range (y)
2
𝑦 =𝑥

𝑦 =1/ 𝑥

𝑦 =√ 𝑥

𝑦 =√ 4 − 𝑥

𝑦 =√ 1 − 𝑥 2
GRAPH OF A FUNCTION
If f is a function with domain D, its graph consists of the points in the
Cartesian plane whose coordinates are the input-output pairs for f.
In set notation,
{ ( 𝒙 , 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) ) ∨𝒙 ∈ 𝑫 }
LET’S TRY THIS!
Graph the function over the interval (-2,2].
REPRESENTING A FUNCTION NUMERICALLY
The data in Table below give recorded pressure displacement versus time in
seconds of a musical note produced by a tuning fork. The table provides a
representation of the pressure function over time. If we first make a scatterplot
and then connect approximately the data points (t, p) from the table, we obtain
the graph shown.
VERTICAL LINE TEST
A function f can have only one value f(x) for each x in its domain, so
that no vertical line can intersect the graph of a function more
than once.
PIECEWISE-DEFINED FUNCTIONS
Sometimes a function is described by using different formulas on
different parts of its domain.
PIECEWISE-DEFINED FUNCTIONS
Sometimes a function is described by using different formulas on
different parts of its domain.
COMMON
FUNCTIONS
COMMON TYPES OF FUNCTIONS:

• Linear Functions
• Power Functions
• Polynomial Functions
• Rational Functions
• Algebraic Functions
• Trigonometric Functions
• Exponential Functions
• Logarithmic Functions
• Transcendental Functions
LINEAR FUNCTIONS
A function of the form f(x) = mx + b, for constants m and b, is called
a linear function.
POWER FUNCTIONS
A function , where a is a constant.
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS
A function p is a polynomial if
where n is a nonnegative integer and the numbers a0, a1, a2, … an
are real constants
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS
A rational function is a quotient or ratio f(x) = p(x)/q(x), where p and
q are polynomials. The domain of a rational function is the set of all
real x for which q(x) ≠ 0.
ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS
Any function constructed from polynomials using algebraic
operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and taking
roots).
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
A function that involves the six basic trigonometric functions.
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
A functions of the form , where the base a > 0 is a positive constant
and a ≠ 1.
LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

These are the functions , where the base a ≠ 1 is a positive


constant. They are the inverse functions of the exponential
functions.
TRANSCENDENTAL FUNCTIONS
These are functions that are not algebraic. They include the trigonometric,
inverse trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions, and many
other functions as well. A particular example of a transcendental function is a
catenary.
Its graph has the shape of a cable, like a telephone line or electric cable, strung
from one support to another and hanging freely under its own weight

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