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01-Lesson1_Review

The document provides an introduction to numbering systems, including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal, along with conversion methods between these systems. It also covers coding systems such as BCD and ASCII, and introduces digital logic circuits including various types of gates. Additionally, the document discusses basic sequential circuits and their functions.

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ឈឿង យាន គ្រូបច្ចេកទេសអេឡិចត្រូនិច RTC កំពត
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2 views

01-Lesson1_Review

The document provides an introduction to numbering systems, including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal, along with conversion methods between these systems. It also covers coding systems such as BCD and ASCII, and introduces digital logic circuits including various types of gates. Additionally, the document discusses basic sequential circuits and their functions.

Uploaded by

ឈឿង យាន គ្រូបច្ចេកទេសអេឡិចត្រូនិច RTC កំពត
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 47

Chapter1 Introduction

Lesson1
REVIEW
1
Outline
1. Numbering and Coding
2. Digital Logic Circuit
3. Basic of Sequence Control
Circuit

2
1. Numbering and Coding

1. ប្រព័ន្ធគោល
◦ គោលដប់(Decimal number)
◦ គោលពីរ(Binary number)
◦ គោលដប់ប្រាំមួយ(Hexa-
decimal number)
◦ គោលប្រាំបី(Octal
number)
3
1. Numbering System
Decimal number
Human beings use base 10 (decimal)
arithmetic
There are 10 distinct symbols 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Example:
◦ 125
◦ 950
◦ 12.50
Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia
Keo Sothim
1. Numbering System
Binary number
Computers use base 2 (binary) system
There are only 0 and 1
These two binary digits are commonly
◦referred to as bits
Examples:
◦100011100110
◦110111001001
◦000100100111

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
1. Numbering System
Octal number
Base 8, the octal system,
is used as a convenient
representation of binary numbers
There are 8 distinct symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7

 ex. It is much easier to represent a string of 0s and 1s


such as 100010010110 as its octal-decimal equivalent
of 4226
Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia
Keo Sothim
1. Numbering System
 Hexa-decimal number
Base 16, the hexadecimal system,
is used as a convenient
representation of binary numbers
There are 10 distinct symbols 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

 ex. It is much easier to represent a string of 0s and


1s such as 100010010110 as its hexadecimal
equivalent of 896

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
2. Conversion
Convert decimal to binary
• Divide the decimal number by 2 repeatedly
• Keep track of the remainders
• Continue this process until the quotient
becomes zero
• Write the remainders in reverse order to
obtain the binary number

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
2. Conversion
Convert binary to decimal
• Know the weight of each bit in a binary
number
• Add them together to get its decimal
equivalent
• Use the concept of weight to convert a decimal
number to a binary directly

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
10
11
12
13
14
2. Conversion
Convert binary to hexadecimal is represent a binary
number as its equivalent hexadecimal number
Start from the right and group 4 bits at a time, replacing
each 4-bit binary number with its hex equivalent

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
2. Conversion
 Convert hexadecimal to binary
Each hex digit is replaced with its 4-bit binary equivalent

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
17
2. Conversion
Convert decimal to hexadecimal
• Convert to binary first and then convert to hex
• Convert directly from decimal to hex by repeated
division, keeping track of the remainders

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
2. Conversion
Convert hexadecimal to decimal
• Convert from hex to binary and then to decimal
• Convert directly from hex to decimal by
summing the weight of all digits

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
4. Coding System
BCD Code
To BCD-encode a decimal number using the
common encoding, each decimal digit is stored
in a four-bit nibble.
Decimal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9
BCD: 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110
0111 1000 1001
Thus, the BCD encoding for the number 127 would
be: 0001 0010 0111
Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia
Keo Sothim
21
4. Coding System
ASCII Code
The ASCII (pronounced “ask-E”) code assigns binary patterns
for :
• Numbers 0 to 9
• All the letters of English alphabet, uppercase and lowercase
• Many control codes and punctuation marks
The ASCII system uses 7 bits to represent each code :

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
II. Digital Logic Circuit
1. សមីការ Logic
2. សៀគ្វី Logic
3. សៀគ្វី Relay
4. តារាងធាតុពិត(Truth Table)

23
1. NOT gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
2. AND gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
3. OR gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
4. NOT AND (NAND) gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
28
5. NOT OR (NOR) gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
30
6. Exclusive OR (XOR) gate

Digital Circuit National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia


Keo Sothim
32
33
34
35
36
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
1. Buffer Circuit

37
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
2. Not Circuit

38
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
3. AND Circuit

39
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
4. OR Circuit

40
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
5. XOR Circuit

41
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
6. Sequence Circuit

42
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
7. Inter-lock Circuit

43
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
7. Inter-lock Circuit

44
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
8. Self-holding Circuit

45
III. Basic Sequential Circuit
8. Self-holding Circuit

46
Thank you

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