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Introduction_to_Microcontroller_PIC18

The document provides an overview of microcontrollers, specifically the PIC18 family, detailing their architecture, features, and applications in embedded systems. It highlights the differences between microcontrollers and microprocessors, and discusses the internal structure and operation of PIC18 microcontrollers. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of components in microcontrollers and the importance of understanding their structure for performance optimization.

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vinod SALUNKHE
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2 views

Introduction_to_Microcontroller_PIC18

The document provides an overview of microcontrollers, specifically the PIC18 family, detailing their architecture, features, and applications in embedded systems. It highlights the differences between microcontrollers and microprocessors, and discusses the internal structure and operation of PIC18 microcontrollers. The conclusion emphasizes the integration of components in microcontrollers and the importance of understanding their structure for performance optimization.

Uploaded by

vinod SALUNKHE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Microcontroller and

PIC18 Family
An Overview of Microcontroller Basics and PIC18 Architecture
What is
Microcontroller ?
TYPES OF MICROCONTROLLER

Microcontroller

8051 PIC ARM


Introduction to Microcontrollers

• A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed for


embedded applications.
• Components: CPU, RAM, ROM/Flash, I/O ports, peripherals.
• Applications: Embedded systems, automotive, industrial automation,
etc.
Block Diagram of a Generic
Microcontroller
• CPU: Executes instructions
• Memory: Stores program and data
• I/O Ports: Communicates with external devices
• Timers/Counters: Event timing and control
• Interrupts: Priority-based task handling
• Serial Communication: UART, SPI, I2C
• Power & Clock: System timing and power management
Microcontroller vs. Microprocessor
Features Microcontroller Microprocessor

CPU Present Present

RAM/ROM Integrated External

I/O Ports Built-in External

Application Embedded Systems Computers

Power Consumption Low High


History of PIC Microcontrollers

• Developed by Microchip Technology


• Originally created by General Instruments (1970s)
• Evolved from simple 8-bit MCUs to modern 32-bit controllers
• Known for ease of use and robustness
Overview of PIC18 Family & Features

• 8-bit microcontrollers with high-performance RISC architecture


• Flash memory for program storage
• Extensive I/O support, ADCs, communication interfaces
• Efficient power management with low-power modes
Internal Bus Structure of PIC
Microcontroller
• Harvard Architecture: Separate memory buses
• Instruction Bus: Fetches instructions from memory
• Data Bus: Transfers data between CPU and peripherals
• Address Bus: Determines the location of data/instruction
Clock Frequency, Machine Cycle &
Instruction Cycle
• Clock Frequency: Determines microcontroller speed
• Machine Cycle: Time required for one fetch-execute cycle
• Instruction Cycle: Fetch, Decode, Execute stages
• Formula: Instruction Cycle Time = 4 / (Clock Frequency)
Features of PIC-18 Microcontroller

 It is 8-bit Microcontroller.
 It has 16-bit Instruction sets.
 256 byte of EPROM.
 2 KB SRAM.
 32 KB Flash Memory.
 It Operates at 40 MHz Crystal Oscillator.
 It has 10-bit A/D Converter.
 It supports Instruction Pipelining.
 It is implemented with nano watt Technology
(low power consumption ).
PIN DIAGRAM OF PIC-18 MICROCONTROLLER
ARCHITECTURE OF PIC-18 MICROCONTROLLER
Conclusion

• Microcontrollers integrate multiple components for dedicated


applications
• PIC18 family offers powerful features for embedded applications
• Understanding structure and cycles helps optimize performance

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