GENERAL PHYSICS

2
Review Material

FINAL EXAMINATIONS
( March 24, 2025 – MONDAY )
 TEST
TYPES
Test Types Number Topics Covered
of Items
I. Multiple Choice 38 Lesson 1 to 3
II. Matching Type 15
III. True or False 15
IV. Problem 12 Snell’s Law
Solving and Ray Ray Diagramming:
Diagramming Image Formation by
Mirrors
TOTAL POINTS 80
REVIEW QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1. In the mirror

equation;
, what does the f,p and q
represent?

ANSWER:
f = Focal length,
p = Object distance
q = Image distance
 REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 2.
What is the Lens Makers Equation
ANSWER: - It governs lens manufacturers in
manufacturing lenses of desired focal length.
- Summarized by:

where f = focal length

n = index of refraction
r1 and r2= radius of curvature of

the two lens surfaces

REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 3.
How are images formed by
mirrors and lenses?

ANSWER:
Mirrors form images through
the reflection of light rays
while lenses form images
through the refraction of light
rays.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 4.
What wavelength or color of light
has the longest wavelength and the
least frequency?

ANSWER:
Red
* Violet has the shortest
wavelength and has the most
frequency
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 5.
How is the straight, horizontal
line joining the vertex and the
center of curvature of a
curved/spherical mirror
CALLED?
ANSWER:
Principal Axis or Optical Axis
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 6.
What physical quantity is
measured in diopters?

ANSWER:
Lens Power
•Lens power identifies the power
required to correct a respective eye
defect, which is measured in diopters
(m-1).
REVIEW QUESTIONS

QUESTION 7.
What type of image is formed
at the back of a mirror?
ANSWER: VIRTUAL IMAGE
because th image is formed from
the intersection of the extended
rays of the reflected rays
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 8.
What property of light is
described as the meeting of
light waves coming from
different light sources?
ANSWER:
Interference
• Interference are of two kinds; Constructive
Interference and Destructive Interference
• The colorful displays in oil spills, soap
bubbles and in compact disks are due to
interference
REVIEW QUESTIONS

QUESTION 9.
What Greek Letter symbolizes
wavelength?

ANSWER:

λ
( lambda )
REVIEW QUESTIONS

QUESTION 10.
What is the unit of frequency
of a wave?

ANSWER:
Hertz or Hz
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 11.
What are the characteristics of an image
formed by a diverging/concave lens?

ANSWER: small, erect, virtual

Converging Lens ( outside the F )

small, inverted and real
Converging Lens ( between F and O )
enlarged, erect and virtual
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 12.
What kind of lens is used to correct
farsightedness?
ANSWER:
Convex or Converging Lenses
Farsightedness is medically termed as Hyperopia,
Nearsightedness is myopia and is corrected by a
concave or diverging lens
Double Vision is Presbyopia and is corrected by a
bifocal lens
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 13.
How is the height of a wave
called?
ANSWER:
Amplitude
• Wavelength - the distance between
the two successive crests or troughs, or
between two successive compressions or
rarefactions.

* Wave Frequency - the number of waves

produced in a given period of time
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 14. How are the EM
waves arranged in the EM
spectrum?
ANSWER:
According to decreasing wavelength
and increasing frequency

Radiowaves – Microwaves – Infrared Rays

– Light Rays – Ultraviolet Rays – X rays –
Gamma Rays
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 15.
Who discovered the existence
of light waves?

ANSWER:
Heinritch Hertz

James Clerk Maxwell predicted

the existence of such kind of
waves
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 16.
What do ray diagramming or
ray tracing allow us to
determine?
ANSWER:
Characteristics of the image formed
( image location, image size, image
orientation, image type or the nature
of the image
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 17.
When making a ray diagram of
an object, at what point is the
image usually located?

ANSWER:
At the point where the reflected or
refracted or extended rays
intersected
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 18.
What kind of image is formed
at the back of a lens?

ANSWER:
REAL IMAGE because there was
actual intersection of the refelcted
rays
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 19.
What is the SI unit of Intensity
of Light?

ANSWER:
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 20.
A magnification equal to 1
indicates what?

ANSWER:
Image is of the same size as
the object
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 21. What are the
two types of Reflection?
ANSWER:
Diffuse and Regular or
Specular Reflection
DIFFUSE REFLECTION – reflection from
rough surfaces
REGULAR or SPECULAR REFLECTION
– reflection from rough and smooth
surfaces
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 22.
What optical phenomena are
caused by the refraction of
light?
ANSWER: Rainbow formation, sun
dogs, moon dogs, halos, stellar
scintillation or the twinkling of the
stars, mirage, a seemingly broken
drinking straw in a glass of water
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 23.
What are the two lenses that will
refract light twice to form images
of specimens in a microscope?
ANSWER:
Eyepiece or the Ocular Lens –
produces the final image which is
virtual, upright and magnified
Objective Lens – makes the first
magnification to produce an image
which is real, inverted and magnified
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 24.
What is the speed of light in a
vacuum?

ANSWER: 3 X 108 m/s

( represented by c )
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 25.
What optical device has two focal
points; the primary and
secondary foci?

ANSWER: LENS
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 26.
What is the frequency of a wave
travelling at 5 m/s? The wave has
a wavelength of 6 m.

ANSWER: v=λ x f
f = = = 0.83 /s or Hertz
REVIEW QUESTIONS
QUESTION 27. What is the
frequency of light IN A VACUUM that
has a wavelength of 6.5 x m?

ANSWER: v=λ x f
f= =
= 4.62 x 1013 /s or Hertz
 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

1. What is the other term for concave lens?

A. Diverging Lens B. Converging Lens

2. What is the other term for convex lens?

A. Diverging Lens
B. Converging Lens

3. How is the center of a lens called

Optical center
4. How is the center of a mirror called?
VERTEX

5. What happens to the reflected rays

when parallel incident rays strikes the
reflecting surface of a concave mirror?

They will converge or meet at the

Principal Focus ( symbol is F )
6. What are the 2 liquids found in the cornea of the
eye that acts as lenses?
A. rods and cones
B. aqueous and vitreous humor
C. rod and vitreous humor
D. cones and aqueous

7. Which part of the Bifocal Glasses is used in

viewing near objects?
A. Middle part
B. Upper part
C. Lower part
8. A type of mirror that has a flat surface.
PLANE MIRROR
9. A type of mirror that has a reflecting surface
that is taken from the surface of a sphere?
SPHERICAL MIRROR
10. A type of image that is formed at the back of
a mirror?
VIRTUAL IMAGE
11.What diagram is used to identify the
location, size, and nature of the image
produced by spherical mirrors.
RAY DIAGRAM
11.Which of the following term refers to
the point where the reflected rays meet?
Principal Focus, F
12. At what side of a concave mirror is the
radius of curvature located?
In front
13. At what side of a concave mirror is the
focal length located?
In front
14. At what side of a convex mirror is
the focal length located?
behind the mirror
15. At what side of a convex mirror is
the radius of curvature located?
behind the mirror
16. What term refers to the distance
between the midpoint of a lens and
its focal point?
focal length
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Which of the following statements are
true and False?
a. Light travels at the same speed in
any media. FALSE

FALSE
b. The center of a lens is the vertex.
c. The rods and cones are light
sensitive cells in the retina of the
FALSE
human eye that function at night time.

d. In time dilation,TRUE
the first time
interval is the dilated time interval.
e. The eyepiece of a microscope
produce the final image of an
object which is real, upright and
magnified. FALSE

f. The FALSE
Snell’s Law determines
the critical angle.
g. The Red wavelength of light is
refracted the most when it
strikes a transparent material
FALSE
like the prism.

h. When parallel light rays strike

a concave mirror, the reflected
TRUE
e. At perpendicular incidence, no
bending of light rays will happen.
TRUE
f. Real Images can be focused or
projected on a screen while a
virtual image cannot be focused
or projected on a screen.
TRUE
 PROBLEM SOLVING
1. An object is positioned 5 cm away from a
concave mirror of focal length 8 cm. How
far is the image from the mirror?
GIVEN: p = 5 cm q=?
f = 8 cm
EQUATION q =
= =

q = - 13. 33 cm
 PROBLEM SOLVING
2. The speed of light in diamond is ¼ of C.
What is the index of refraction of diamond?
GIVEN:
V = ¼ of
n=?
n=
=
=
n=4
 PROBLEM SOLVING
3.Consider a glass block that is 0.6mm thick and
has a refractive index of 1.55. How long will it
take for a pulse of light to pass through the
block?
GIVEN : d = 0.6 mm or 0.006 m t=?
n = 1.55
Recall : v= ; t =
n= ; v=
Therefore, t =
 PROBLEM SOLVING

SOLUTION
t=
=
=
= 3.09 x 10-11 s
 PROBLEM SOLVING
4. Zirconium has a refractive index of 2.2. Compute
the for the critical angle of light passing from
zirconium to water
GIVEN: = 2.2
= 1.33
=
=
= ( 0.60 ) = 370
 PROBLEM SOLVING
5. The index of refraction of quartz is 1.458. Light
rays propagates obliquely from quartz to water.
What is the measurement of the angle of incidence if
the refracted ray made an angle of 40 0 with line
Normal ( N )?
GIVEN: = 1.458
= 1.33
 PROBLEM SOLVING

5. What is the focal length of a spherical mirror if

its radius of curvature is 40 cm?

Given: R = 40 cm
f=?

f= = = 20 cm
 PROBLEM SOLVING
6. How far should an object be from the front of a
concave mirror (R=110cm) for it to form a real image
of half the size of an object?

GIVEN: R = 110 cm

Hi = ½ Ho ( real image )

p
=?
 =
= 0.59

=
0.59
=
RAY DIAGRAMMING
Make a ray diagram of a cylinder positioned 2 in away
from a convex mirror of focal length 1.5 in.

P
Characteristics of Images formed by V F C
Convex Mirrors:
Image Type : VIRTUAL
f = 1.5
Image Orientation : UPRIGHT
Image Size : SMALLER THAN THE
OBJECT
Image Location : BEHIND THE MIRROR
NB: Images formed by convex mirrors
are always virtual, upright, smaller than
the object and always behind the mirror
The focal length of a convex lens is 10 cm. A candle is placed 20 cm in
front of the lens. Make a ray diagram to find the location of the image.

Image Type - REAL

Image Orientation -
Inverted
Image Size = Same Size
Image Location - At 2F

2F F O F’ 2F

f = 10 cm
ADDITIONAL QUESTION

QUESTION 30. When will a

substantial diffraction be
produced?

ANSWER:
When the width of the slit is
comparable to the wavelength of
light
ADDITIONAL QUESTION

QUESTION 31. How will a light

ray be refracted if it
propagates from an optically
dense transparent medium to
a less dense medium?
ANSWER:
Refract away from line Normal
ADDITIONAL QUESTION

QUESTION 32. What

wavelength of light is
reflected by a blue door?

ANSWER:
Blue Wavelength