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Network Devices

The document discusses various networking devices and cables used for data transmission, including hubs, switches, routers, and wireless access points. It details types of cables such as twisted pair (UTP and STP) and fiber-optic cables, highlighting their characteristics, uses, and differences in performance. Additionally, it explains the procedures for creating Ethernet cables, specifically straight-through and cross-over types.

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sheskisha
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3 views

Network Devices

The document discusses various networking devices and cables used for data transmission, including hubs, switches, routers, and wireless access points. It details types of cables such as twisted pair (UTP and STP) and fiber-optic cables, highlighting their characteristics, uses, and differences in performance. Additionally, it explains the procedures for creating Ethernet cables, specifically straight-through and cross-over types.

Uploaded by

sheskisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Networking Devices

Media and Connector To make data


transmission more extensible and efficient than
a simple peer-to-peer network, network
designers use specialized network devices such
as hubs, switches, routers, and wireless access
points to send data between devices
Common Network

Cables Until recently, cables were the only


medium used to connect devices on networks. A
wide variety of networking cables are available.
Coaxial and twisted-pair cables use copper to
transmit data. Fiber-optic cables use glass or
plastic to transmit data. These cables differ in
bandwidth, size, and cost. You need to know
what type of cable to use based on the job
requirements. You also need to be able to
troubleshoot and repair problems along the way.
Twisted Pair

Twisted pair is a type of copper cabling that is


used for telephone communications and most
Ethernet networks. A pair of wires forms a circuit
that transmits data. The pair is twisted to provide
protection against crosstalk, the noise generated
by adjacent pairs of wires in the cable. Pairs of
copper wires are encased in color-coded plastic
insulation and are twisted together. An outer
jacket protects the bundles of twisted pairs.
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

is the cable that has two or four pairs of


wires. This type of cable relies solely on the
cancellation effect produced by the twisted-
wire pairs that limits signal degradation
caused by electromagnetic interface (EMI)
and radio frequency interference (RFI). UTP is
the most commonly used cabling in networks.
UTP cables have a range of 328 feet (100 m).
Shielded twisted pair (STP)

each pair of wire is wrapped in metallic foil to better


shield the wires from noise. Four pairs of wires are
then wrapped in an overall metallic braid or foil. STP
reduces electrical noise from within the cable. It also
reduces EMI and RFI from outside the cable. Although
STP prevents interference better than UTP, STP is
more expensive because of the extra shielding. It is
also more difficult to install because of the thickness.
In addition, the metallic shielding must be grounded
at both ends. If it is improperly grounded, the shield
Category Rating

UTP comes in several categories that are


based on two factors:
• The number of wires in the cable
• The number of twists in those wires
1. Category 3 is the wiring used for telephone
systems and Ethernet LAN at 10 Mega byte
per second (Mbps).
2. Category 3 has four pairs of wires.
3. Category 5 and Category 5e have four
pairs of wires with a transmission rate of 100
Mbps.
5. Category 5e has more twists per foot than
Category 5 wiring. These extra twists further prevent
interference from outside sources and from the other
wires within the cable. Some Category
6 cables use a plastic divider to separate the pairs of
wires, which prevents interference. The pairs also
have more twists than Category 5e cable.
Fiber-Optic Cable

An optical fiber is a glass or plastic conductor that


transmits information using light. Fiber optic cable has
one or more optical fibers enclosed in a sheath or
jacket. Because it is made of glass, fiber-optic cable is
not affected by EMI or RFI. All signals are converted to
light pulses to enter the cable and are converted back
into electrical signals when they leave it. This means
that fiber-optic cable can deliver signals that are
clearer, and can go farther, without compromising the
clarity of signals.
Creating Ethernet Cable

Ethernet cabling has been the standard in


networking installation for years. It is the fastest
way of connecting PC to a peer or to your router
or a central switch. This section of the module
will bring you back to the procedures in creating
an Ethernet cable specifically straight-through
and cross-over. Try to recall the procedures as
you go on with the lesson.
Straight-through Ethernet cable - is used in local
area network to connect a PC to a network hub and
router. This is the standard cable used for almost all
purposes.

Cross-over cable - on the other hand, can be used to


connect two network devices directly, without the need
for a router in the middle. It simply reverses some of
the pins so that the output on one computer is being
sent to the input of another

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