INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PRESENTATION

ON EMBEDDED
SYSTEM

SUBMITTED BY-
ANKIT DADWAL ( 230810406008 )
AKSHIT DHIMAN ( 230810406007 )
HIMANSHU CHOUDHARY ( 230810406018 )
 EMBEDDED SYSTEM
• An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software designed for a
specific function. Embedded systems might also function within a larger system. These systems
can be programmable or have a fixed functionality. Embedded systems are used today to control
numerous devices. For example, they're used in industrial machines, consumer electronic .
Examples:
• Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, smart TVs, and digital cameras.
• Automotive: Engine control units (ECUs), airbag systems, and infotainment systems.
• Industrial: Robotics controllers, process control systems, and smart meters.
• Medical Devices: Pacemakers, infusion pumps, and diagnostic equipment.
 Structure of embedded systems

Embedded systems vary in complexity but, generally, consist of the following three main
elements:
Hardware: The hardware of embedded systems is based around microprocessors and
microcontrollers. Microprocessors are similar to microcontrollers and, typically, refer to a
central processing unit
Software and firmware: Software for embedded computing systems can vary in complexity.
However, industrial-grade microcontrollers
In terms of hardware, a basic embedded system consists of the following elements:
Sensors: These components convert physical sense data into an electrical signal.
Analog-to-digital converters:A-D converters change an analog electrical signal into a digital
one.
Processors. These process digital signals and store them in memory.
Digital-to-analog converters:D-A converters change the digital data from the processor into
 PROTEUS SOFTWARE
 Proteus is a powerful and versatile software tool widely used in the field of electronics for
designing, simulating, and testing electronic circuits. Developed by Electronics, Proteus has
become a go-to solution for engineers, students, and professionals engaged in electronics and
embedded systems development. Features of Proteus Software:
1. Circuit Design
2. Simulation
3. Microcontroller Simulation
4. PCB Design
5. Virtual Instruments
6. Arduino Simulation
 ARDIUNO IDE SOFTWARE
The Arduino IDE is an open-source software, which is used to write and upload code to the Arduino
boards. The IDE application is suitable for different operating systems such as Windows, Mac OS X,
and Linux. It supports the programming languages C and C++. Here, IDE stands for Integrated
Development Environment.
The program or code written in the Arduino IDE is often called as sketching. We need to connect the
Arduino board with the IDE to upload the sketch written in the Arduino IDE software. The sketch is
saved with the extension .
 C LANGUAGE USE IN ARDUINO IDE SOFTWARE
 Embedded C is a programming language that is used in the development of Embedded Systems.
Embedded Systems are specialized systems designed to perform very specific functions or tasks.
Embedded System is the combination of hardware and software and the software is generally
known as firmware which is embedded into the system hardware. Embedded C is used to program
a wide range of microcontrollers and microprocessors. Embedded C requires less number of
resources to execute in comparison with high-level languages such as assembly programming
language.
 Embedded C has some additional data types and keywords. There are some special datatypes in
Embedded C like sbit, sfr which are used for addressing special function registers in memory.
Embedded C allows us to work with hardware devices like sensors, and input-output devices.
There are various Embedded C compilers to compile the embedded C program such as Keil
Compiler, SPJ Compiler, Embedded GNU C Compiler, etc. Embedded Systems can be classified into
small-scale, medium-scale, and sophisticated embedded systems. The devices like air conditioners,
printers, and mobile phones that we use in our daily lives are programmed by embedded C.
 LED BLINK
In Proteus, simulating an LED blinking circuit is a common task that helps users
understand basic electronics and microcontroller programming. The LED (Light
Emitting Diode) blinking circuit typically involves a microcontroller (like an
Arduino, PIC, or AVR) that controls the LED's state (on or off) at regular intervals.

Basic Function of LED Blinking

• Status Indicators: Indicating the status of a device (e.g., power on/off).
• Testing: Verifying that a microcontroller is functioning correctly.
• Learning: Teaching basic programming and electronics concepts.
ARDUINO UNO
KEY FEATURES:
MICROCONTROLLER: ATmega328p
OPERTATING VOLTAGE :5V
INPUT VOLTAGE:7-12V(through the dc power jack)
DIGITAL I/O PINS:14(of which 6 can provide PWM output)
ANALOG INPUT PINS:6
FLASH MEMORY:32 KB (of which 0.5 KB is used by the bootloader)
SPRAM:2 KB
EEPROM :1 KB
CLOCK SPEED :16 MHZ
DIGITAL PINS: 0-13
ANALOGPINS:PINS (A0-A5)
POWER PINS: 3.3V,5V,GND,VIN
Connectivity:
USB: For programming and serial communication with the computer.
External Power: For powering the board with an external supply if needed.
Programming:
You can program the Arduino Uno using the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) via the USB
connection. The board uses a bootloader that allows you to upload sketches (programs) without needing an
external programmer.
Applications:
The Arduino Uno is suitable for a wide range of projects, including simple electronics experiments, prototypes, and
DIY electronics. It is often used in educational settings due its simplicity and ease of use.
 Project on Traffic Light controller
Using Arduino Uno And 7 Segment
DisplayUsed:
Component

1. Arduino Uno: The microcontroller that controls the entire system.-

2. 7 -Segment Display: Displays the countdown timer for each traffic
signal phase.- *

3. Traffic Light Module: Consists of red, yellow, and green LEDs to

simulate the traffic signals.-
4. Breadboard: Used to assemble the practical circuit.-
5.Connecting Wires : For making all necessary electrical connections.-
6. Arduino IDE: Used for writing, compiling, and simulating the Arduino code
before uploading it to the Arduino Uno.
SOURCE CODE
WORKING

The system begins by turning on the green light, and a countdown timer
starts on the 7-segment display. The timer counts down each second until
it reaches zero. When the timer hits zero, the green light is switched off
immediately and the red light comes on, Signaling vehicles to stop. After
the red light stays on for its set duration, the yellow light turns on as a
warning that the stop signal is ending. Once the yellow phase is over, the
system resets by turning the green light back on and restarting the
countdown. This process repeats continuously to control the traffic
flow effectively.