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7 views15 pages

eee244_2

Uploaded by

Douda Samih
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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244-2: MATLAB/PYTHON

FUNDAMENTALS
Scalars
• To assign a single value to a variable, simply type the variable
name, the = sign, and the value:

>> a = 4
a=
4

• Note that variable names must start with a letter, though they
can contain letters, numbers, and the underscore (_) symbol
Array Creation
% Matlab command to create a vector

>>x = [ 1 2 3 4 5]
ans =
12345

# Python command to create a vector


Import numpy as np
x = np.array([1,2,3,4,5])
x
Matrix creation
% Matlab command
x=[1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9];
ans =
123
456
789

# Python command
import numpy as np
x=np.array([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]])
x
Mathematical Operations
• Mathematical operations in MATLAB/Python can be
performed on both scalars and arrays
Matlab Python
Exponent 4^2 = 16 4**2 =16
Multiplication 2*8 = 16 2*8 = 16
and 32/4 = 8 32/4 = 8
Division
Generate p pi Import numpy as np
2*np.pi = 6.2832
np.pi/4 = 0.7854

Addition and 3+5 = 8 3+5 = 8


Subtraction 3-5 = -2 3-5 = -2
Complex Numbers in
Matlab/Python
• All operations can be used with complex quantities

x*y
x/y
x+y
x-y

• Values containing an imaginary part are entered using:


x = 2+4j
Matrix Calculations in
Matlab/Python
• MATLAB/Python can also perform operations on vectors and
matrices. For example, multiply the two matrices:

A= 367 B=1 1
5 -3 0 2 1
3 -3

Matlab Python
A = [ 3 6 7; 5 -3 0] import numpy as np
B = [1 1; 2 1; 3 -3] A = np.array([[3, 6, 7], [5, -3, 0]])
C = A*B B = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 1], [3, -3]])
C = A.dot(B)
print(C)
Element-by-Element Calculations
• At times, you will want to carry out calculations item by item
in a matrix or vector. They are also often referred to as
element-by-element operations.
• For array operations, both matrices must be the same size
A= 367 B=1 11
5 -3 0 2 13
Matlab Python
A = [ 3 6 7; 5 -3 0] import numpy as np
B = [1 1 1; 2 1 3] A = np.array([[3, 6, 7], [5, -3, 0]])
C = A.*B B = np.array([[1, 1, 1], [2, 1, 3 ]])
C = A*B
print(C)
Graphics in Matlab/Python
• MATLAB/Python have a common plot command to graph
vectors
Matlab Python
x = [ 3 6 7] import numpy as np
y = [1 2 3] import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plot(x,y) x = np.array([3,6,7])
y = np.array([1,2,3])
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('some numbers')
plt.show()
Other Matlab Plotting Commands
• hold on and hold off
– hold on will keep the current plot active
– Enables the user to superimpose plots on each other
– hold off will release the current plot

• subplot(m, n, p)
– subplot command enables multiple plots on a single page
– Divides the page into m x n sections
Loops in Matlab/Python
• IF and FOR loops in Matlab are completed with an
end command to complete the loop operation

• In Python, there is no end command, hence


indentation or spacing is used to complete
statements
– Statements with the same indentation belong to
the same group called a suite
– The amount of indentation is optional, but it must
be consistent throughout that group
Conditional IF Loops
% IF loop in Matlab
class = 20
x= 5
if class ==1 x=x+8;
elseif class<1 x=x-8;
elseif class<10 x=x-32;
else x=x-64
end

# IF loop in Python
x=5
if x > 15:
print(“x > 15”)
elif x < 15:
print(“x < 15”)
For Loops
% Matlab
x=0
for i = 1:10;
x=x+i
end

# Python
x=0
for i in range(1,10):
x=x+i
print(x)

Note: Range (1,10) goes from 1-9


Example of Input command
% Matlab program to enter today’s date
clear
month = input(‘enter month,1-12 ’)
day = input(‘enter day, 1-31 ’)
year = input(‘enter year,20xx ’)
today_date=[month day year]
Relational Operators
• Summary of relational operators in
MATLAB/Python
Example Operator Relationship
x == 0 == Equal
unit ~= ‘m’ ~= Not equal
a < 0 < Less than
s > t > Greater than
3.9 <= a/3 <= Less than or equal to
r >= 0 >= Greater than or equal to

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