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Introduction to De

The document introduces differential equations, defining them as equations involving derivatives of a dependent variable with respect to an independent variable. It explains the types of differential equations, namely Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) and Partial Differential Equations (PDE), along with concepts of order and degree. Additionally, it provides examples and methods to prove solutions to differential equations.

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Gineva Valentin
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Introduction to De

The document introduces differential equations, defining them as equations involving derivatives of a dependent variable with respect to an independent variable. It explains the types of differential equations, namely Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) and Partial Differential Equations (PDE), along with concepts of order and degree. Additionally, it provides examples and methods to prove solutions to differential equations.

Uploaded by

Gineva Valentin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS
OBJECTIVES:

• Define and introduce Differential Equation.


• Determine the order, degree and type of a
differential equation
• Prove if the equation is a solution of the
given Differential equation.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Differential Equation is an equation that contains one or more terms
involving derivatives of one variable (the dependent variable, y) with
respect to another variable (the independent variable, x).
Differential Equation is an equation with a function and one or
more of its derivatives
RECALL:
A function relates an input to an output.

A Derivative is all about slope


To find the derivative of a function y = f(x) we use the slope
formula:

Slope = Change in Y = Δy
Change in X Δx

= dy
1. = 2x 3.

Y’=

2. = ?

=3

=n
EXAMPLES OF DE:
TYPES OF DE
Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) is a differential equation
in which the unknown function is a function of a single
independent variable

Partial Differential Equation (PDE) is a differential equation in


which the unknown function is a function of muliple
independent variables and their partial derivatives.
ORDER & DEGREE OF DE
ORDER of a DE is the order of the highest derivative (of a
dependent variable) appearing in the equation

DEGREE of a DE is the highest power of the highest derivative


which occurs in the DE.
EXAMPLES:
SOLUTION OF AN ORDINARY DE
• a solution of a differential equation is a known function which
satisfies the equation.

EXAMPLES:
Prove that each equation is a solution of the given DE.

2. ;

3.

4. ;
Prove that each equation is a solution of the given DE.

• Differentiate

• Multiply “X” to the whole equation

• Transpose

• Substitute to 4x;
from the given equation

• Transpose and combine like terms

• The given equation is a solution since the answer


is equal to the given DE
: It is a solution
Prove that each equation is a solution of the given DE.

: It is a solution
2. ;

• Differentiate the equation twice


since the given DE contains y”

• Substitute y” and y to the given DE,

: It is a solution
3.

: It is a solution
4. ;

: It is a solution
PRACTICE PROBLEM:
5
1𝑥 2 −1 2
𝑠h𝑜𝑤 𝑡h𝑎𝑡 𝑦=𝐶 +𝐶 𝑥 −𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑡h𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑓 𝑡h𝑒𝐷𝐸𝑥 𝑦−3 𝑥𝑦 ′−5 𝑦 =4+5 𝑙𝑛𝑥 .

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