Images

Grade 10
Learning Objectives

In this chapter you will learn how to:

Insert an image.  Rotate an image.

Resize an image to maintain or  Crop an image.
adjust the aspect ratio of an image.  Reflect an image.
Wrap text around an image.  Adjust the brightness and contrast
Place an image with precision. of an image.

Place a border around an image.  Group and layer images.

Software Tools

 You will need to know how to place image files into different application packages.

 Images are unlikely to be included in the spreadsheets and databases elements of

the course.

 However, images will be placed in both word-processed documents and

presentations.

 First you must select images appropriate for the document’s audience.
Insert Images In a Document or
Presentation

 Use the Search tool to find Microsoft Word and open this package. Create
some texts and save the file with a name of your choice.
 Move the cursor to the end of the document. Select the Insert tab, followed
by Picture.
 This opens the Insert Picture window. Browse through the folders and files
until you locate the file e.g. snowball.jpg. Click the left mouse button on this
file followed by Insert.
 This will insert the image at the end of the document. Repeat this process
for the files snowman.jpg and trees.jpg. Save the document as task12a.
Insert Images In a Document or
Presentation
Edit an Image

 An image included in any document, presentation, or publication in any

form must be appropriate to the subject matter.
 If a document was about the snow, you may expect to see an image with
snow in it.
 You need to answer several questions regarding the image such as:
• Does this image need editing?
• Is the image the correct shape to fit the position you wish to place it?
• If the image needed to be in landscape orientation, you would need to crop
it. Where do you crop it?
Resize an Image

• To resize an image in Microsoft Word, find an image like snowball.jpg in your

document.
• Click the right mouse button on this image to get a drop-down menu. Select
from this menu the Size and Position... option.
• This opens the Layout window which should display the Size tab. If not select
it.
• Assuming you need to resize the image maintaining its aspect ratio (keeping
the height and width in the same proportions as the original to ensure it’s
not distorted).
• To do this, ensure that the two tick boxes related to the aspect ratio are both
selected.
Resize an Image
Resize an Image Using a Graphics
Package

 Instead of editing in Microsoft Word, we can physically resize the image in a

graphics package and then save the new image (usually with a new
filename).
 This method has the advantage of being able to reduce the file size of an
image, which is very useful in helping a web page to be downloaded and
displayed more quickly.
 It has the disadvantage of using lower-resolution images, which can appear
pixelated, particularly if you wish to enlarge them.
 The graphics package we will use is called GIMP, which is an open-source
(free to use) raster graphics editor.
Resampling an Image

 This process of changing the image quality is called resampling.

 Images can be downsampled, meaning fewer pixels are used for the image,
as you have just done by reducing the image quality.
 Images can also be upsampled by adding more pixels. Downsampling
reduces the file size which helps web pages load more quickly.
 Export the same image, downsampling the image by lowering the
resolution (quality) when saving.
 If you look at the files, you should see their sizes have decreased with each
stage.
Wrap Text Around an Image

o Assuming that you are required to place the resized snowball.jpg image at the
top right of the first paragraph.
o You are expected to align the image to the margins and the top of the
paragraph, but for this task, there is further instruction to wrap the text around
the image.
o It is better to set the text wrapping first, and then move the image into the
correct position.
o Click the left mouse button on the image to select it. This opens the Picture
Format tab.
o In the Arrange section, select the dropdown arrow next to the Wrap Text icon.
Wrap Text
Around an
Image
Place an Image With Precision

 There are two methods of placing an image with precision.

 The first is to drag it until the green guidelines appear at the top and right
side of the image.
 The second method is to roughly place the image and then right-click on
the image again.
 Select the Size and Position… option to open the Layout window. Select the
Position tab. Set the Horizontal alignment to Right aligned to the Margin.
 Set the Vertical alignment to Top aligned to the top of the Line of text. Click
the OK button to place the image.
Place an
Image
With
Precision
Place a Border Around an Image

o It is always a good tip to place a thin border around the image so that its
alignment can be seen.
o To set a border on the image, click the right mouse button on the image and
select Format Picture from the dropdown menu.
o Click the left mouse button on the Paint bucket icon to select the Fill and
Line section of this menu.
o Click the left mouse button on the triangle for the Line section to extend the
menu.
o Left click on the radio button for Solid line, which again extends the options
in the pane. Choose a (thin) line Width of 0.25pt.
Place a
Border
Around an
Image
Rotate an Image in Microsoft
Word
 Some images that have been taken using a digital camera and saved will
have their original upside down.
 The image could be saved and adjusted in an external graphics package, or
it can be adjusted in the Format Picture pane within Microsoft Word.
 Click the left mouse button on the Pentagon icon to select the Effects
section of this menu.
 Click on the triangle to open the 3-D Rotation options. To turn the image
upside down, we must rotate the image through 180 °.
 Select the Z Rotation section and use the small arrows until the image has
been fully rotated.
Rotate an
Image in
Microsoft
Word
Crop an Image in Microsoft Word

 To crop an image is to cut off part of an image, which changes its aspect
ratio but does not distort the image.
 Click the right mouse button on any image to get two menus and left-click
on Crop.
 The drag handles for the image will change to crop handles.
 Drag the center crop handle at the top of the image down so that the image
is selected (so that it becomes grey).
 Click the left mouse button on the text and the image will be cropped.
Crop an
Image in
Microsoft
Word
Reflect an Image in Microsoft
Word
 To reflect an image, left mouse click on the image, select the Format Picture
pane, and then the Pentagon icon to select the Effects section of this menu.

 Do not select Reflection. Click on the triangle to open the 3-D Rotation
options.

 With the 3-D Rotation features, a reflection (flip) from left to right is an X
rotation of 180 degrees and a (flip) reflection from top to bottom is a Y
rotation of 180 degrees.

 For this task, set the X rotation of 180 degrees, like this.
Reflect an
Image in
Microsoft
Word
Adjust the Brightness and
Contrast of an Image
o Open any image file in the GIMP application.

o Select the Colors tab and from the drop-down menu select Brightness-
Contrast… which opens the Brightness-Contrast window.

o Use the two sliders to edit both the Brightness and the Contrast until the
image looks appropriate for the task.

o In this case, set the brightness at +50 and the contrast at −40 and then click
on OK.
Adjust the
Brightness
and
Contrast of
an Image
Layer Images in GIMP

 Open any image file then drag the other images into the GIMP application.
 As you do so, these images are added to the original image but appear as
separate layers.
 The layers can be seen in the bottom right corner of the window.
 Three of these images have transparent backgrounds, as can be seen with
the chequered patterns, but the first layer must be the lowest, as this will
be the background layer.
 You can add text, and shapes or even edit such image layers.
Layer
Images in
GIMP
Group the Layers in GIMP

 To group layers in GIMP, we add the chain to both layers.

 Click the left mouse button to the right of the visibility eye for the chain to
appear.
 From the File tab, select, Save As… to save the image as image.xcf.
 Use the File tab, then select Export As… to export the image as image.jpg.
 If you open this file in a new version of GIMP, you can edit the layers,
groups of layers, and individual elements in the file image.xcf, but you
cannot in the exported .jpg version.
Group the
Layers in
GIMP