2024THD Presentation 3
2024THD Presentation 3
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
•Rationale of the theory
•Trust vs mistrust (Birth to 12-18 months)
•Autonomy vs shame/doubt (18 months to 3 years)
•Initiative vs guilt (3 to 6 years)
•Industry vs inferiority (6 to 12 years)
•Identity vs role confusion (Adolescence)
•Intimacy vs isolation (Young adulthood)
•Generativity vs stagnation (Middle adulthood)
•Ego integrity vs despair (Late adulthood)
•Educational implications of Erikson’s theory
Rationale of the theory
•According to Erikson, the interaction between
psychological factors (i.e. thinking, feeling, problem
solving, relating to others) and social factors (i.e.
social relations, family relations, economic issues,
political issues, childrearing issues) influence
psychosocial development.
•This implies that development takes place in a
•This means that development progresses through out
life from conception to death and that as long as they
are alive human beings develop when they are infants,
toddlers, in early childhood, in middle to late childhood,
in adolescence, in young adulthood, in middle adulthood
and in late adulthood.
•All human beings are in the process of development.
Rationale of the theory continued
•In education, Erikson’s theory implies that teachers
should relate teaching not only to the development
stages of their students but they should also relate
teaching and learning to their own development.
•Their own developmental stages interact with
developmental stages of their students.
•Their own ways of thinking, feeling and relating to
others interacts with the students’ ways of thinking,
Rationale of the theory continued
•In interacting with parents, fellow teachers and other
members of the community, teachers should
understand that these stakeholders are at different
levels of development. They should take this into
account during the interaction.
•According to Erikson, psychosocial development
takes place in the form of resolving crises or
challenges or development tensions between two
•The resolution of the crises are organized into stages.
•At each stage, the crises can be resolved either
positively or negatively.
•The positive or negative resolutions of the crises have
implications on what abilities are acquired at each
stage.
Trust vs mistrust stage (Birth to 12-18 months)