HOPE 2

HEALTH OPTIMAZING
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Lesson 1
 Health Optimizing Physical
Education (HOPE) its primary
goal are the improvement of
physical and motor fitness and
the development and
acquisition of motor skills.
 Learning Competencies :
1. Discuss the nature of the
different sports activities;
2. Explains how to optimize for
safe and improved
performance
3. Illustrate the relationship of
health behaviors (eating habits,
sleep and stress management )
to health risk factors and
physical activity performance;
INTRODUCTION: SPORTS
Sports are activities that require
physical actions and skills
performed under a set of rules.
Sports includes all forms of
competitive activity or game which,
through casual or organized
participation, at least in part aim to
Use, maintain or improve physical
ability and skills while providing
enjoyment to participants, and in
some cases, entertainment for
spectators. A sport also includes
different physical activity or skills
with a recreational purpose for
competition, for self-enjoyment,
 3 categories of Sports
1. Individual and Dual Sports
2. Team sports
3. Combative Sports
List down at least 5 in ea
ch categories
1. Individual/ Dual Sports
Participants compete alone
in individual sports, hence the
category Individual/ dual sports
on the other hand are sports
played by two individuals
competing against another pair.
While there is only a handful of
sports that are really dual in
category, many individual sports
are classified in the dual category
too. One example is tennis.
Athletes generally compete in
singles play; however, there are
also doubles play categories.
This is the format used among
other racquet sports such as
badminton and racquetball in
both minor and major
tournaments.
 Individual/ Dual Sports
provides benefits that team sports
do not. Aside from providing
development in terms of motor
skills, agility, hand-eye coordination
and endurance, individual/ dual
sports combine physical fitness and
mental development.
 Unlike with team sports, a
player’s success or failure in
individual sport is totally
dependent on his own ability.
Individual sport athletes are
completely responsible for every
play and cannot rely on the help of
other teammates;
This build coping skills and
resilience while developing self-
esteem and confidence.
 TEAM SPORTS
The most popular example of a
team sport is basketball. Other
example are baseball, football,
volleyball, hockey, and softball.
Relays in swimming or track and
fields are team efforts. The dynamic
of team sports is even different
Than individual or dual sports,
because of the cooperation
and specialization of roles on
teams.
 Being a part of a team can
be one of the most rewarding
things a person can do, The
camaraderie, the character
building, and teamwork are
some of the positive to being
part of a team.
INDIVIDUAL / DUAL SPORTS
TEAM SPORTS
COMBATIVE SPORTS
COMBATIVE SPORTS
-or fighting sports, a contact
sport that usually involves
one-on-one combat. In many
combat sports, a contestant
wins by scoring more points
than the opponent.
 Fighting Sports
-Boxing,
kick –boxing,
taekwondo,
judo, karate,
muay thai,
Wrestling
Judo
Jiu-jitsu
 Do you have any idea
what is athletics?
Lesson 1: Athletics
Introduction
Athletics is a sport in which
athletes compete in running,
walking, jumping, and throwing
events. Track events consist of
running and walking races of
various distances.
Field events are contests in
jumping or throwing. Athletics is
one of the most popular sports in
the world. About 200 nations
belong to the International
Amateur Athletic Federation
(IAAF), the governing body of
athletics.
The ancient Chinese measured a
person’s morality though one’s ability in
archery, as the archer was required to
hold a bow and arrow and shoot a bull’s
eye. In the spring festival in the Sung
dynasty , people (men only) were fond
of weight throwing as a game, and from
this evolved the discus throw, shot put,
high jump, and long jump or broad jump.
Early Filipinos desired to have
children who were athletic. On the
island of Panay as part of weeding
ceremony, the priest
congratulated the newly-weds and
wished them to have children who
were athletic, brave, intelligent
and happy.
Many of the people lived from far
from their water source and
children have to do their share of
water-carrying. Char Ju Kua, writing
in 1225, wrote that the women
carried two or three jars of water in
their heads even in ascending
mountains o wading across a
Beginning Of Track and Field
 The first known record of track
and actual track and field
competition was in 300 B.C. in
Ireland, a part of British Isles. The
Egyptians and Hebrew myths
includes stories and contests held
in running and jumping.
Greek games as early as 1110 B.C.
included throwing the discus. It was
considered to be the test of
greatest physical strength . Drawing
found in carvings on stone, pictures
on vases, and statues are some of
the artifacts that gives us clues
about the early physical activities.
 In the early Olympic games,
women were not allowed even
as spectators. One particular
mother wanted to see her son
and so she hid herself the day
of competition so she could
watch, but she was caught.
 This woman, Psidorus, was
sentenced to death but the guilty of
situation saved her. People were so
happy and caught up in the spirit of
the day that she was granted
clemency and after that women
were allowed to watch athletic
games that took place in Greece.
 The first track and field
competition for girls and women in
the Philippines was held in
Pampanga in 1926.
The early Filipinos had to
overcome the prejudice of the old
folks against strenuous sports for
women. Part of these was because of
the blouse, short pants, and running
 Outstanding women athletes in the
Philippines have included:
Mona Sulaiman who was once known as
the fastest woman in Asia. Other women who
have established outstanding times and
records include the runner, Innocencia Solis,
Lolita Lagrosa, a jumper, Josephine de la
Viña, a discus thrower, and Esperanza Israel,
hurdler.
 Current athletics champions reflect the
International popularity of the sport. The
biggest names in men’s athletics in the
1980’s included Edwin Moses and sprinter
carl Lewis of the United States, distance
runner Said Aouita of Morocco and
Sebastian Coe of Great Britain, pole vaulter
Surgey Bubka of soviet Union, and
Decathlon Athlete Daley Thompson of Great
Britain.
 Likewise, Asia’s Fastest
Woman for almost a decade is the
pride of the Philippines, Lydia de
Vega, one of the finest athletes
after the sensational events of
Mona Sulayman who had gained
laurels for the country in the
Olympics
 In the early stage, the
Greeks’ participation in
athletics was intended to
show the strong body and
skills of the soldiers.
 Olympics games become
very competitive and in 1923
women were included in the
event. The competition was
under the support of the
Amateur Athletics Union.
 Track and field was
introduced to the Filipinos by
the Americans. It was warmly
accepted as one of the event
for competition. Athletics, are
part of the local competition
 was governed by the
Philippine Athletics Track and
Field Association. It followed
the rules of International
Amateur Athletic Federation as
a world governing body for
track and field athletics.
IAAF officially changes name
to World Athletics
-World Athletics has been
officially adopted as the new
name of the sport’s
international governing body.
A new logo, consisting of
three main elements, has
already been launched to
support the name-
change.
 The “W” od World is a
symbol of an athlete’s arms
raised in victory, while the
the “A” of Athletics represents
an athlete’s focus as they
prepare for the road ahead.
 The arc of both letter
represents the entire
athletics community
coming together.
 Events in Athletics
Running events
100-meter dash
200-meter dash
300-meter dash
400-meter dash
Running Events
800-meter run
1500-meter run
3000- meter run
5000-meter run
4x100-meter relay
4x400-meter relay
110-meter high hurdles
100-meter hurdles
400-meter low hurdles
3000-meter Steeple Chase
Marathon and Walkathon
Jumping Events
Long jump
Triple jump
High jump
Pole Vault
Throwing Events
Shot Put
Discus Throw
Javelin Throw
Hammer Throw
 Athletics Playing Venue
Running events are played in an
oval. It has eight lanes and the
inner most lane measures 400
meters. The seven other lanes are
approximately marked to indicate
the 400 meter distance and the
exceeding land measurement.
 The surface of the oval is
even and labelled, covered by
mixture of sand and cinder, some
are combination of asphalt and
synthetic rubber. The modern
running tracks are made of
synthetic rubber like materials.
Note: Short sprint
distances , ranging up to
400 meters must start with
both feet and both hands
on the track (crouch start).
Did you know that Jamaican
sprinter Bolt is the fastest man
in the history with a world
record time of 9.58 seconds and
the fastest woman in the history
is Florence Griffith-Joyner with a
world record time of 10.49.
The Hurdles
Hurdling is a sport in
athletics (track and field) in
which a runner sprints and
leaps over a series of hurdles,
which are set on a track with
specific distance apart.
 Runners must stay in their
respective lanes throughout
the race. If the runners knocks
the hurdles down while
leaping, a runner who trails a
foot or leg alongside a hurdle
or knocks it down it a hand is
 The winner will be the
first player who been complete
the course without violations.
Dimensions
The standard heights of the
hurdles shall be:
Distance Men Men/U20 U18 Boys Women U18/ Girls
U20

110 m/100 1.067m 0.991m 0.914m 0.838m 0.762m

m

400m 0.914m 0.914m 0.838m 0.762m 0.762m

What is Relay?
 Relays involve four
runners per team. There are
two standard events, the
4x100 and 4x400 meter relays.
They are both included in local
meets, in Olympic Games, and
IAAF World Champions. The
 the 4x100 meter relays begins
the race in starting blocks.
-The next three runners receive
the baton in the 30 meters
passing and receiving zone.
-The receiver begins running in
the acceleration zone within
the exchange zone (30m).
-In the relays, runners should
not switch the hands when
carrying the baton.
-Therefore if the first runners will
carry the baton in his right hand,
the receiving hand of the second
runner will be the left hand, the
receiving hand of the third
runner will be right and the final
runner will handle it in his left
hand.
Rules of Relays
A team may be disqualified
from a relay for:
-False starting
-Incorrect baton passing
-For 4x400 m illegal switching
-Passing the baton outside the
takeover zone
-During the race an athlete takes
or picks up the baton of the
another team
-Deliberately impeding,
improperly crossing the lane
-or in any other way interfering
with the competitor.
THANK YOU!