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5. Clustering in non-euclidean space

Clustering in non-Euclidean space requires adapting algorithms to utilize appropriate distance metrics, such as cosine similarity or Mahalanobis distance, that reflect the data's structure. Techniques like kernel methods, graph-based clustering, and manifold learning can enhance clustering performance in these spaces. It is crucial to select the right distance metric and clustering algorithm based on the data characteristics and goals, with experimentation being key to finding the most effective approach.

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30 views

5. Clustering in non-euclidean space

Clustering in non-Euclidean space requires adapting algorithms to utilize appropriate distance metrics, such as cosine similarity or Mahalanobis distance, that reflect the data's structure. Techniques like kernel methods, graph-based clustering, and manifold learning can enhance clustering performance in these spaces. It is crucial to select the right distance metric and clustering algorithm based on the data characteristics and goals, with experimentation being key to finding the most effective approach.

Uploaded by

aryan23yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Clustering in non-

euclidean space
Clustering in non-euclidean space
• Clustering in non-Euclidean space involves adapting clustering algorithms to handle data
where the traditional notion of distance (Euclidean distance) may not be suitable. Here are
some approaches and techniques for clustering in non-Euclidean spaces:
1.Define a Custom Distance Metric:
• Identify or define a distance metric that is appropriate for your data. This could be a non-Euclidean
distance metric that reflects the underlying structure of your data. For example, for text data, you might
use cosine similarity or Jaccard similarity instead of Euclidean distance.
2.Kernel Methods:
• Use kernel methods to implicitly map the data into a higher-dimensional space where Euclidean distance
may be more appropriate. Common kernels include the Gaussian kernel (RBF kernel) for SVMs and
spectral clustering.
3.Graph-Based Clustering:
• Represent your data as a graph, where nodes are data points and edges represent relationships. Graph-
based clustering algorithms, such as spectral clustering or Markov clustering, can be applied in non-
Euclidean spaces.
4.Manifold Learning:
• If your data lies on a nonlinear manifold, manifold learning techniques (e.g., t-Distributed Stochastic
Neighbor Embedding - t-SNE) can be used to project the data into a lower-dimensional space where
traditional clustering algorithms may work more effectively.
Clustering in non-euclidean space
(contd..)
1.Mahalanobis Distance:
• Mahalanobis distance is a metric that accounts for correlations between variables. It is
particularly useful when dealing with data that exhibits different variances along different
dimensions.
2.Distance Measures for Specific Data Types:
• For certain types of data, such as time-series or categorical data, specific distance
measures might be more appropriate than Euclidean distance. For time-series data,
dynamic time warping (DTW) could be used, while for categorical data, measures like
Jaccard distance may be more relevant.
3.Earth Mover's Distance (EMD):
• EMD, also known as Wasserstein distance, measures the minimum amount of work
required to transform one probability distribution into another. It is particularly useful
when dealing with histograms or distributions.
4.Sparse Representation:
• If your data is sparse, consider using distance measures that take sparsity into account.
Cosine similarity is a common choice for sparse data.
Clustering in non-euclidean space
(contd..)
5. Topology-Based Clustering:
• Techniques such as persistent homology can be used for clustering based on the
topological features of the data.

6. Non-Metric Clustering Algorithms:


• Some clustering algorithms, like DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of
Applications with Noise), do not rely on explicit distance metrics and can be used in
non-Euclidean spaces.
• When working in non-Euclidean spaces, it's essential to understand the characteristics
of your data and choose an appropriate distance metric or similarity measure.
Additionally, the choice of clustering algorithm should align with the nature of the data
and the goals of the clustering task. Experimentation and evaluation are crucial to
determining the most effective approach for a specific non-Euclidean dataset .

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