Project Management_Lecture 2
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taseercs66Project Management_Lecture 2
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taseercs66Project Management
Defining Project Management and Core Concepts
Defining Project Management
"Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and
techniques to execute projects effectively and efficiently."
(Project Management Institute, 2020)
Project management is defined as “ the application of knowledge, skills, tools
and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirement.”
“ Project management is the art of directing and coordinating human and
material resources through out the life of the project by using modern
techniques to achieve pre-determined objectives of scope, cost, time and quality
to the satisfaction of those involved.”
(Project Management Institute, USA)
Concept and Meaning: Project management is a dynamic process that
utilizes the appropriate resources of the organization in a controlled and
structured manner, to achieve some clearly defined objectives identified as
needs. It involves planning, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve
specific goals and objectives. It is always conducted within a specified set of
constraints.
Project management is the art of planning, organizing, leading and completing
a project through people. In other words, it provides;
-an organization with a powerful tools
-that improves the organization’s ability to plan, organize, implement and
-control its activities and the ways it uses its people and resources
In short, project management is causing a planned undertaking to happen. A
project manager is a person who causes things to happen.
Developing a new software application for a client is a project that requires
project management.
Silent Features of Project Management
- Temporary: Have a defined start and end date.
-Unique: Distinct and has its own set of requirements.
-Defined scope: Have a clear scope of work that needs to be completed.
-Defined timeline: Projects have a specific timeline for completion.
-Defined budget: Projects have a allocated budget for resources and expenses.
Objectives of Project Management-
-Delivering the project scope: Ensure that all project deliverables are
completed.
-Meeting the project timeline: Complete the project within the allocated
timeframe.
-Staying within the project budget: Manage costs and expenses to ensure that
the project is completed within the allocated budget.
-Ensuring quality and customer satisfaction: Deliver a high-quality product or
service that meets customer expectations.
A project to develop a new website for a client must deliver the agreed-upon
scope, meet the deadline, stay within budget, and ensure that the website
meets the client's quality and satisfaction expectations. These objectives are
critical to the success of project, and project manager must balance competing
demands to achieve them.
Importance of Project Management
-Ensures successful project delivery: Project management helps ensure that
projects are completed on time, within budget, and to the required quality
standards.
-Enhances customer satisfaction: Project management helps ensure that
customer expectations are met, leading to increased satisfaction and loyalty.
-Improves resource utilization: Project management helps optimize resource
allocation, reducing waste and improving efficiency.
-Reduces risks and costs: Project management helps identify and mitigate risks,
reducing the likelihood of cost overruns and project failures.
Effective project management is critical to achieving project objectives,
satisfying customers, and reducing risks and costs.
Historical Background of Project Management
-1950s: Project management emerges as a distinct discipline, driven by the
need for more efficient and effective management of complex projects.
-960s: The Project Management Institute (PMI) is founded, providing a
professional organization for project managers and promoting the development
of project management standards and best practices.
-1980s: Project management becomes a widely accepted practice, with the
publication of the first edition of the Project Management Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK Guide).
The construction of the Hoover Dam in the 1930s on Colorado River is often
cited as an early example of project management, with its complex scheduling,
resource allocation, and risk management requirements.
The history of project management reflects the growing recognition of the need
for specialized skills and knowledge to manage complex projects effectively.
Project Charter
The Project Charter is a high-level document that formally initiates a project.
Typically includes;
•Project title and description
•Business case and justification
•Project objectives and goals
•Stakeholders and their roles
•Project sponsor and authority
•Initial budget and timeline
Project charter is usually a formal and high-level document focusing on the
project's overall objectives and goals.
Project Scope (Statement)
The Project Scope Statement is a detailed document that outlines the specific
work to be done in a project.
Typically includes:
•Project scope description
•Deliverables and acceptance criteria
•Boundaries and exclusions
•Assumptions and constraints
•Management plan
Project scope statement usually a detailed and more specific document
focusing on the project's deliverables, boundaries, and exclusions.
Project Charter and Project Scope (Statement)
Main differences:
•The Project Charter is a high-level document, while the Project Scope
Statement is a detailed document.
•The Project Charter initiates the project, while the Project Scope Statement
defines the project's scope.
•The Project Charter focuses on the project's objectives, stakeholders, and
initial budget, while the Project Scope Statement focuses on the project's
deliverables, boundaries, and exclusions.
In short, the Project Charter provides a broad overview of the project, while the
Project Scope Statement provides a detailed definition of the project's scope.
Therefore both these project documents are essential for effective project
management.
Project Charter and Project Scope
Project Charter:
-Formal document that initiates the project
-Includes project objectives, scope, and stakeholders
For example the project charter for the construction of a new office building
includes the objective of completing the project within 12 months, the scope of
work, and the stakeholders involved.“
Project Scope:
-Detailed document that outlines the project scope e.g. defines what is
included and excluded from the project
-Includes project objectives, deliverables, and boundaries
For example the project scope statement for the development of a new
software application includes the objective of creating a user-friendly
interface, the deliverables, and the boundaries of the project.
Project, Program, and Portfolio Management
Project Management:
-Focuses on a single project
-Concerned with delivering the project scope, timeline, and budget
Program Management:
-Focuses on a group of related projects
-Concerned with delivering the program objectives and benefits
Portfolio Management:
-Focuses on a collection of projects and programs
-Concerned with delivering the portfolio objectives and benefits
Project Management Plan
-Project Management Plan (PMP) is a comprehensive document that outlines
how a project will be managed and executed i.e. description of project
management approach including project scope, timeline, budget, and resource
allocation
Key Elements: PMP typically includes;
Project Introduction
-Project Overview
-Project Scope
-Project Objectives
-Project Timeline
Scope Management
-Scope statement
-Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
-Scope management plan
-Scope change management plan
Schedule Management
-Project schedule
-Milestones and deadlines
-Critical path method (CPM)
-Gantt chart
-Schedule management plan
Budgeting and Cost Management
-Project budget
-Cost estimation
-Cost management plan
-Budgeting and cost control
Quality Management
-Quality policy
-Quality objectives
-Quality management plan
-Quality control and assurance
.
Resource Management
-Resource allocation plan
-Resource utilization plan
Communication Management
-Communication plan
-Stakeholder analysis
-Communication matrix
-Communication protocols
Risk Management
-Risk management plan
-Risk identification
-Risk assessment
-Risk mitigation and contingency planning
Procurement Management
-Procurement plan
-Procurement process
-Contract management
-Procurement closure
Schedule Management
-Stakeholder analysis
-Stakeholder engagement plan
-Stakeholder communication plan
-Stakeholder management plan
Monitoring and Control
-Monitoring and control plan
-Performance measurement
-Progress reporting
-Corrective action
Closure and Project Closeout
-Closure plan
-Lessons learned
-Project evaluation
-Final report
.
The Project Management Plan serves as a guide for the project team and
stakeholders, ensuring that everyone is aligned and working towards the same
objectives.
These key elements of the PMP may vary depending on the project's
complexity, size, and industry.
Questions?
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