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Chapter 15 It's Raining Cat's and Dogs

The document discusses various aspects of weather and climate, including the idiom 'raining cats and dogs' which means heavy rain. It explains elements of weather such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, as well as cloud formation and types of clouds. Additionally, it describes precipitation processes and weather phenomena like thunderstorms and tropical cyclones.

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51 views24 pages

Chapter 15 It's Raining Cat's and Dogs

The document discusses various aspects of weather and climate, including the idiom 'raining cats and dogs' which means heavy rain. It explains elements of weather such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, as well as cloud formation and types of clouds. Additionally, it describes precipitation processes and weather phenomena like thunderstorms and tropical cyclones.

Uploaded by

wc9474403
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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It’s Raining

Cats And
Dog.
It’s raining cats and dogs” is an idiom that means it’s raining very heavily. For example, you
might say “I got soaked on my way home from work because it was raining cats and dogs”.

The phrase’s origin is unknown, but it’s been used since at least the 17 th century. One theory
is that it comes from 17th century England, when rain storms would sometimes carry the
bodies of dead animals through the streets. Another theory is that the phrase may come from
the Greek expression cata doxa, which means “contrary to experience or belief”.
Winter’s
Secret
beauty
Snowflakes are uniquely shaped ice
crystals formed around atmospheric
particles. No two snowflakes are alike,
much like fingerprints. Scientists use
scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
to study their intricate patterns and
beauty.
Weather
And Climate
People are affected by the weather in many
ways. Our clothing and activities for the day
depend largely on the conditions of the
atmosphere. The change in the atmosphere
may be so dramatic that cancellation of
classes is some- times necessary because of
a heavy downpour in the early morning and
surprisingly sunny weather in the afternoon.
Weather describes the conditions in the
atmosphere at a particular time, on a
particular day, in a particular place.

Climate describes the average of all weather condition


in a particular place over many, many years, usually
decades.
ELEMENTS Let us look at the factors that interact in the

OF atmosphere to produce weather and climate.


Collectively, these are known as the elements of

WEATHER weather.
TEMPERATURE
Temperature is the most
important element of weather as
it influences many other
elements, such as humidity,
precipitation, air pressure, wind
speed and direction, and cloud
formation. Incoming solar
radiation, the time of the day
and year, and geographical
factors affect how the
temperature will be in certain
HUMIDITY
Humidity refers to
atmospheric water vapor.
Relative humidity
measures the air’s
moisture saturation level
compared to its capacity
at a given temperature.
ERIC
PRESSUR
E
Atmospheric pressure,
also known as air pressure
or barometric pressure, is
the pressure within the
atmosphere of Earth. The
standard atmosphere is a
unit of pressure defined as
101,325 Pa, which is
equivalent to 1,013.25
millibars, 760 mm Hg,
29.9212 inches Hg, or
Winds And
Air Masses
The sun's energy drives weather by heating air, causing it
to rise and become less dense, while cooler air becomes
denser and sinks. This cycle of rising and falling air
creates winds, which we experience in various forms, from
gentle breezes to strong gusts during storms. On a global
scale, air near the equator heats up, rises, and moves
toward the poles, creating areas of low pressure. As it
cools near the poles, it sinks, forming areas of high
pressure and flowing back toward the equator. This
continuous cycle of rising and sinking air drives the
movement of winds around the Earth.
Clouds
Formation
Two of the substances that make up our
atmosphere are also involved in cloud
formation, water vapor and dust particles.
Water vapor is the gaseous form of water. Sci-
entists have learned that warm air can hold
more water vapor than cool air and that warm
air rises while cool air falls. These facts can
also be used to explain how a cloud is formed.
Types Of
Clouds
Clouds can be categorized into a
number of types based on their
shape, height, and what they’re
made of.
High-level clouds made of ice crystals that look like
CIRRUS wispy, white streamers or “mare’s tails”. They are
often the first sign of an approaching warm front.
CUMUL Puffy, cauliflower-shaped clouds that rise vertically.

US They are usually seen in fair weather conditions.


STRATU Low-level clouds that look like flat sheets or blankets.
They can be made of water droplets, supercooled

S water droplets, or ice crystals. Stratus clouds often


mean that there will be a steady drizzle or rain.
Low-level clouds that produce rain, snow, or hail. The
NIMBUS prefix “nimbo-” or the suffix “-nimbus” indicates that
the cloud produces precipitation.
STRATOCU Low, gray sheets of cloud that are fluffy. It is rare to

MULUS have rain with stratocumulus clouds.


Precipitation is the process by which water returns to Earth’s surface from the atmosphere
in various forms, such as hail, rain, freezing rain, sleet, or snow. The type of precipitation
depends on whether the water vapor in clouds is frozen and how it interacts with
temperature changes as it falls. If frozen particles melt, it becomes rain; if they remain
frozen, it falls as snow. Freezing rain occurs when supercooled rain freezes on impact with
cold surfaces. Sleet forms when frozen particles melt and refreeze. Hail develops when

Precipitati
small ice particles are repeatedly lifted through cold air, growing larger before falling as
hail.
A thunderstorm is defined as a weather phenomenon

Thunder that occurs when moisture and warm air rise,


encountering factors like warm or cold fronts,

storm mountain breezes, or sea breezes, resulting in the


formation of clouds that can lead to lightning, hail,
heavy rain, strong winds, and tornadoes.
Tropical
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system
with a low-pressure center, a closed low-level
atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral

cyclone arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy


rain and squalls.
Southw
est The Southwest Monsoon, also known as Habagat, is a
seasonal wind pattern that brings warm, moist air from

monsoo the southwest to the Philippines, causing rain in the


western part of the country

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