WAVES
A wave
A wavetransmits information
is a flow or transfer of or
energy in the
energy form
from oneof point
oscillation
to
through a medium – space
another in the form of signals or
mass.
Crest. The crest is the highest
point of a wave. A wave can
have multiple crests. A crest
can be any size, shape, or
form.
The trough is the
lowest point of a
wave. A wave can
have multiple
troughs.
Wavelength is
the distance
from one
wave crest to
the very next
crest.
The amplitude
is the distance
from the resting
point to the
crest (or trough
on a wave.
Frequency is
the number of
waves passing
a fixed point in
a certain
amount of time.
TYPES OF
WAVES
A mechanical wave is a wave that
is an oscillation of matter and is
responsible for the transfer of
energy through a medium.
Transverse waves
When the movement of
the particles is at right
angles or perpendicular
to the motion of the
energy
Light is an example of
a transverse wave.
Longitudinal waves
In this type of wave, the
movement of the particles is
parallel to the motion of the
energy
Example – Sound
Waves
Velocity
Velocity is the rate of
change of the displacement
of an object
A trucker drives along a
straight highway for 0.25 hr
with a displacement of 16 km
south. What is the trucker’s
average velocity?
a. 4 km/hr north
b. 4 km/hr south
Acceleration
acceleration is the rate of
change of its velocity.
A car moving at 80
mph has a speed of
35.8 m/s. What
acceleration would it
have if it took 5.0 s to
come to a complete
Asexual
Reproduction
In this process, the cells simply
divide in half, creating a clone
of the parent. This method also
holds the benefit of being very
quick and energy-efficient.
Sexual
Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is the
combination of reproductive
cells from two individuals to
form a third unique offspring.
Cell Theory
By the late 1830s, botanist
Matthias Schleiden and
zoologist Theodor Schwann
were studying tissues and
proposed the unified cell
1. all living things are composed
of one or more cells
2. the cell is the basic unit of life;
3. new cells arise from existing
cells.
Rudolf Virchow later made
important contributions to this
The generally accepted portions of
the modern Cell Theory are as
follows:
1.The cell is the fundamental unit
of structure and function in living
things.
2. All organisms are made up of
one or more cells.