Bulacan State University

City of Malolos Bulacan

Purposive Communication

Mr. Jonar Blanco Bunggay,

LPT,MAE-English
Instructor
LESSON OBJECTIVES

• Describe the nature, elements, and functions

of verbal and non-verbal communication in
various and multicultural contexts.
• To participate in the discussion and
performance in the class.
 Communication
• Communication is fundamental to the existence
and survival of humans as well as to an
organization. It is a process of creating and
sharing ideas, information, views, facts, feelings
from one place, person or group to another.
• Communication is the key to the directing
function of management.
 Process of Communication
Communications is a continuous process that mainly
involves three elements sender, message, and
receiver. The elements involved in the
`
communication process are explained below in detail:
SENDER
MESSAGE
ENCODING
MEDIA
DECODING
RECIEVER
FEEDBACK
SENDER - The sender or the communicator generates the
message and conveys it to the receiver. He is the source and
the one who starts the communication
MESSAGE - It is the idea, information, view, fact, feeling,
etc. that is generated by the sender and is then intended to
be communicated further.
ENCODING - The message generated by the sender is
encoded symbolically such as in the form of words, pictures,
gestures, etc. before it is being conveyed.
MEDIA - It is the manner in which the encoded message is
transmitted. The message may be transmitted orally or in writing.
The medium of communication includes telephone, internet, post,
fax, e-mail, etc. The choice of medium is decided by the sender.
DECODING - It is the process of converting the symbols
encoded by the sender. After decoding the message is received by
the receiver.
RECIEVER - It is the manner in which the encoded message is
transmitted. The message may be transmitted orally or in writing.
The medium of communication includes telephone, internet, post,
fax, e-mail, etc. The choice of medium is decided by the sender.
FEEDBACK - Once the receiver confirms to the sender
that he has received the message and understood it, the
process of communication is complete.
NOISE - It refers to any obstruction that is caused by the
sender, message or receiver during the
process of communication. For example, bad telephone
connection, faulty encoding, faulty decoding, inattentive
receiver, poor understanding of message due to prejudice or
inappropriate gestures, etc.
Process of Communication
 The Three V’s in Communication
• Communication process is sending verbal and
nonverbal messages, receiving the message
through listening and observing and
understanding both the content and intent of
the message.
• It involves three channels or elements of
communication: vocal, visual, and verbal.
• VOCAL is the voice of the speaker, his/her
vocal variety, quality, rate, volume, and
vocalized pauses, visual refers to what is seen
 Transmission of messages can be done through:
VISUAL such as images, pictures, paintings,
photography, video, film;
1. Auditory such as sounds;
2. Tactile such as using some aesthetic or the
use of sensory receptors as in using braille;
3. Haptic or touch
4. Olfactory or smell
5. Electronic communication such as
telephone, email, cable television or satellite
 Transmission of messages can be done through:

6. Kinesics such as facial expression or body

language;
7. Para-language such as tone, rate, or pitch;
8. Gestures, and proxemics (distance);
9. Iconics (symbols);
10. Chronemics (time), posture, dress, and
appearance
• Communication can be with or without
the physical presence of another party.
• The three (3) Vs in communication are
appropriate in a face-to-face
conversation.
• Words for Verbal, the Tone of Voice for
Vocal, and Gestures and Symbols for
Nonverbal Clues
(Managing Mental Health Matters, 2015).
• The visual is dominant among the three Vs.
• Most communicators prepare themselves for the verbal,
while visual should be focused on.
• Knowledge of the subject matter and competent on how
message should be put together seems neglected.
• For people to believe, something must be believable.
And, in order to be believable, one should sound credible.
• Utilizing the right words is an important step in building
rapport with one’s audience.
• Choosing the right WORDS should be one’s major
concern but according to Mehrabian (2007) the words
used to send the message accounts only 7% of the
entire communication.
• VOICE may present one’s personality and other different
factors drive the effective use of voice when communicating
& 38% in the entire comm. Other factors include:
-INFLECTION (tone of the voice whether rising or falling is asking
question)
-VOLUME (amount of fullness of the voice which can be
increased or decreased by pushing more or less air over one’s
vocal cords), and
-CLARITY (proper use of pronunciation, articulation and the
expression of sounds which are key elements to understanding
the message).
BODY LANGUAGE is the most important factor when
communicating face-to-face: stance, posture, facial
expressions, hand gestures, and other movements are to
one’s advantage and 55% in the entire communication.
• Using body language can strengthen message, weaken it,
or even contradict it.
• smile, nod, eye contact, and body position are important
aspects of body language.
• Communication get enthusiasm from people initially give
enthusiasm.
• One can communicate sincerity and attention by
using an open stance demonstrated by outstretched
arms or hands, looking up, chest out and feet slightly
apart.
• On the other hand, a closed stance, represented by
folded arms, hunches shoulders, legs crossed and
head down looking at the follow conveys resistance,
lack of acceptance and even hostility
(Segal, et.al., 2018).
Types of Communication
A. Formal Type - “official communication”.
• It is conducted through a predetermined
channel.
• For instance, a large number of interactions
one make within one’s professional and legal
expressions.
• It is more tie-consuming than non-formal
comm., as it follows a particular
communication protocol.
• This could also be considered a reliable source
B. Informal Type – or unofficial type of
communication is popular. This is often word-of-
mouth.
• Spontaneous and free-flowing type of
communication is not restricted by any formal
structure and standards.
• Is also less reliable. Mostly oral, with no
documentation evidence is informal.
• Many underestimate the significance of
informal communication and is considered just
C. Oral (Face-to-Face) Type – is the most
common yet powerful type of communication
and can work for or against one with every
expression he uses.
• Direct sending of message through face-to-
face however can be formal (formal meeting
or seminar) or informal (with family and
friends).
• These types of communication get better with
practice.
D. Oral (Distance) Type – has made the world a
smaller and more accessible place.
• It uses all modern expansions of distance
communication.
• For effective oral communication over distance,
one must give higher priority to the speaker’s
listening.
E. Written Type – there is no doubt that this type
of communication has now taken over every
aspect of the world.
E. Written Type – This can include a brief
introduction, agenda, message body, and
conclusion.
• The writer is this type should always be
cautious that there are very few instances
when written communication is purely formal
or purely informal.
• For writers, it is better to think that he
communicates stiffly by thinking of general
audience that offensively by thinking that he
Types of Communication
 Thank You and
GOD BLESS and us
all! 