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Module-4

Unit IV focuses on biomass energy, detailing its resources, conversion processes, and environmental benefits, along with an overview of geothermal and mini/micro hydro power. It classifies hydropower schemes based on water flow regulation and head availability, and discusses essential components of hydroelectric systems. Additionally, it covers various types of turbines and tidal energy systems.

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Srinivasulu Samba
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4 views

Module-4

Unit IV focuses on biomass energy, detailing its resources, conversion processes, and environmental benefits, along with an overview of geothermal and mini/micro hydro power. It classifies hydropower schemes based on water flow regulation and head availability, and discusses essential components of hydroelectric systems. Additionally, it covers various types of turbines and tidal energy systems.

Uploaded by

Srinivasulu Samba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT IV - BIOMASS ENERGY

UNIT IV - BIOMASS ENERGY


• Introduction-Bio mass resources –Energy from Bio mass:
conversion processes-Biomass Cogeneration Environmental
Benefits. Geothermal Energy: Basics, Direct Use, Geothermal
Electricity. Mini/micro hydro power: Classification of
hydropower schemes, Classification of water turbine, Turbine
theory, Essential components of hydroelectric system.
Biomass Energy
• Biomass is primarily found in the form of living or recently living
plants and biological wastes from industrial and domestic use.
• The process of energy conversion from biomass includes thermal
conversion, chemical conversion, biochemical conversion and
electrochemical conversion.
Agricultural Residues

Food Processing Waste

Municipal Solid Waste


Solid
Biomass Animal Waste

Resources Dedicated Biomass Energy Crops

Herbaceous Energy Crops

Woody Energy Crops

Lipids
Co-firing
Essential components of
hydroelectric
• Power House
system
• Penstock
• Water Reservoir
• Water Turbine or Hydraulic Turbine (Prime mover)
• Spillway
• Dam
• Surge Tank
• Draft Tube
• Tail Race Level
• Gate
• Pressure Tunnel
Components of Hydro power plant
Mini/micro hydro power:
Classification of hydropower
schemes
• A. Classification According to the Extent of Water Flow Regulation
Available
• Run off river power plants without pondage
• Run off river power plants with pondage
• Reservoir power plants
• B. Classification According to Availability of Water Head
• Low Head
• Medium Head
• High Head
Low head Hydro power plant
Medium head hydro power plant
High head hydro power plant
• Classification According to Type of Load Supplied
• Base Load
• Peak Load
• Pumped storage plants for the peak load
• Classification of Hydroelectric Power Plants Based on Installed Capacity.
• Large hydro
• Medium hydro
• Small hydro
• Mini hydro
• Micro hydro
Classification of Hydroelectric Power
Plants Based on Installed Capacity.
Water turbines
• Impulse turbine
Pelton Wheel turbine

• Reaction turbine
Francis turbine
Kaplan turbine
Pelton Wheel turbine
Francis Turbine
Kaplan Turbine
Geothermal Energy
Heat exchangers and Refrigeration
systems
Geothermal Electricity
• Direct Dry Steam
• Flash and Double Flash Cycle
• Binary Cycle
Direct Dry Steam
Flash and Double Flash Cycle
Binary Cycle
Tidal Energy: Energy from the tides
• Barrage and Non-Barrage Tidal power systems
• Tidal Barrage Flood Generation
• Tidal Barrage Ebb Generation
• Two-way Tidal Barrage Generation Scheme
• Non-Barrage Tidal power systems Tidal turbines
• Tidal lagoon
Tidal Barrage Flood Generation
Tidal Barrage Ebb Generation
Two-way Tidal Barrage Generation
Scheme
Tidal turbines
Tidal lagoon

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