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Exponents Quick Overview

The document provides an overview of exponents, explaining their definition, types, and rules for operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also discusses concepts like negative exponents, powers of powers, and the significance of large numbers like googol and googolplex. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises to reinforce understanding of exponentiation and its applications.

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hedel13628
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2 views

Exponents Quick Overview

The document provides an overview of exponents, explaining their definition, types, and rules for operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also discusses concepts like negative exponents, powers of powers, and the significance of large numbers like googol and googolplex. Additionally, it includes examples and exercises to reinforce understanding of exponentiation and its applications.

Uploaded by

hedel13628
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exponents

Quick Overview
Exponents
• Exponential Form is a shorter way of writing
repeated multiplication: 6 × 6 × 6 = 63

6 3
EXPONENT

BASE

POWER
Exponents
• Types of Exponents: • Match to their equivalent form:

1/(5√8) = 0.6597539554…
8 5
√8 = 1.515716567…
8
5
-5

8 -⅕ 1/85 = 1/(8 × 8 × 8 × 8 × 8 ) = 1/32,768 =


0.00003051757813…

8 ⅕
8 × 8 × 8 × 8 × 8 = 32,768
Exponents
• Googol: • Googolplex:
100
• 10100 • 1010
• The term was invented by Milton • 10 to the exponent of googol
Sirotta, the 9-year nephew of • Larry Page and Sergey Brin, the
mathematician Edward Kasner, founders of Google, named their search
who had asked his nephew what engine after the term googol. In 1997,
he thought such a large number Larry was brainstorming names with
other Stanford graduate students,
should be called. Such a number, including Sean Anderson, and looking
Milton apparently replied after a at available domain names. Anderson
short thought, could only be called miss-keyed googol as "google" and
something as silly as a "googol." found it available. Larry liked it and the
name "Google" stuck. Google's
corporate headquarters is called the
GooglePlex, an affectionately tongue-
in-cheek reference to the origins of the
Exponents
• Negative Numbers:
• -28 = -2 × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) = 256
• -27 = -2 × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) × (-2) = -128

• An even exponent will always result in a positive answer


• An odd exponent will always result in a negative answer

• WHY? – look at multiplying integer rules!


Exponents
• Adding Powers:
You must determine the value of each term individually and determine the sum.
• Subtracting Powers:
• You must determine the value of each term individually and determine the difference.
• Multiplying Powers:
• If the bases of the powers are the same, add the exponents together. Multiply any co-efficients.
• Ex: 43 × 45 = 43+5 = 48 = 65,536
• Ex: 43 × 25 = (4 × 4 × 4) × 25 = (22 × 22 × 22) × 25 = 22+2+2+5 = 211 = 2,048
• Ex: 4a3 × 3a2 = (4 × 3)(a3+2) = 12a5
• Dividing Powers:
• If the bases of the powers are the same, subtract the exponents from one another. Divide any co-
efficients.
• Ex: 45 ÷ 43 = 45-3 = 42 = 16
• Ex: 43 ÷ 25 = (4 × 4 × 4) ÷ 25 = (22 × 22 × 22) ÷ 25 = 22+2+2 ÷ 25 = 26 ÷ 25 = 21 = 2
• Ex: 9a3 ÷ 3a2 = (9 ÷ 3)(a3-2) = 3a
Exponents
• A Power to an Exponent:
• When a power has an exponent, multiply the exponents.
• Ex: (53)4 = 53×4 = 512 = 244,140,625
• Ex: ((k2)3)4 = k2×3×4 = k24
• Bracket Distribution with Exponents:
• The exponent will be distributed to each term in the bracket, after order of
operations is completed.
• Ex: (44 ÷ 72)3 = (64 ÷ 49)3 = 142.604
• Ex: -2(2a)5 = -2(25a5) = -2(32a5) = -64a5
• Ex: (3b-3)2 = 32 × b-3×2 = 9b-6 = 9/(b6)
Exponents
• Just Random:

0 = D.N.E.
0
Exponents
• Terminology:

Co-efficient 3m 7 Exponent

Variable
Exponents
• The laws of Exponents
Exponents
• How to undo a square?
• To undo multiplication – we divide
• To undo subtraction – we add
• To undo a square – we find the root!
• Ex: 52 = 25 … √25 = 5
• How to undo a cube?
• To undo a square – we find the root
• To undo a cube – we find the root
• But… how?
• Ex: 53 = 125 … 3√125 = 5
Exponents
• What if…
• There were no such things as exponents?
• Write out 2100 as repeated multiplication
• Just like multiplication makes repeated addition easier, exponents make repeated
multiplication easier
Exponents
• Check your skills:
• In the Big Blue Sea are 8 Big Beluga whales
• Inside each Big Beluga whale are 8 Big Blue Beach Balls
• On each Big Blue Beach Ball are 8 Big Blue Beautiful Bubble designs
• Use powers to describe the number of designs

• 83
Exponents
• Check your skills:
• Where would you plot a number between √64 and √81 or √16 and √25?

√64 √81
√16 √25

4 4.5 5
8 8.5 9

• Plot √70, plot √22


• Estimate each radical as a decimal, to the nearest tenth
Exponents

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