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TCPIP Model

The document outlines the four layers of the TCP/IP model: Application, Transport, Internet, and Link, detailing their functions and the protocols that operate at each layer. It explains how data is transmitted through these layers, emphasizing the roles of TCP and UDP in the Transport layer, and the importance of IP addresses in the Internet layer. Additionally, it provides examples of protocols used at each layer, such as HTTP, FTP, and Ethernet.

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5 views

TCPIP Model

The document outlines the four layers of the TCP/IP model: Application, Transport, Internet, and Link, detailing their functions and the protocols that operate at each layer. It explains how data is transmitted through these layers, emphasizing the roles of TCP and UDP in the Transport layer, and the importance of IP addresses in the Internet layer. Additionally, it provides examples of protocols used at each layer, such as HTTP, FTP, and Ethernet.

Uploaded by

foolserrand41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GCSE Computer Science Computer Networks

TCP/IP
MODEL
Mr Mitchell
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Describe the four layer TCP/IP model.

Describe the functions of each layer in a network.

Understand the protocols that operate on each layer.


Protocol means a rule that
defines how devices will Application
communicate with each
other.
The internet uses a series of
Transport
TCP/IP
different protocols. These
protocols are organised into
a stack. This is called the
MODEL TCP/IP model and has four Internet
layers that sit atop
eachother.
The layer of protocols exists
for each device that is Link
communicating.
Application Transport Internet Link

Various different protocols sit on the


The highest layer of the TCP/IP model application layer, depending on the
is where the application sits. The type of application being used.
application sends or receives data that
Examples of protocols:
is then sent into the rest of the
• HTTP
protocol stack.
The application layer adds header • HTTPS
data that can be tracked through the • SMTP
stack. • IMAP
• FTP
Application Transport Internet Link

Data is passed from the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)


application layer down to TCP is a reliable transport protocol because it will
the transport layer to be always requests again any missing data packets.
broken into packets. Each
packet of data is given a
sequence number so that it User Datagram Protocol
can be reassembled. (UDP)
UDP is a faster transport protocol
Source and destination but this makes it unreliable
ports are added to the because missing data packets are
header. discarded.
Application Transport Internet Link

The internet layer routes packets of data


from one device to another across a
network.
Each device is assigned a unique IP
(Internet Protocol) address, which
identifies the source and destination for
data packets.
The internet layer is where the best route
is determined for the data packet to get
from its source IP address to its
destination.
Application Transport Internet Link

The link layer encompasses the protocols Link layer protocols:


of different communicating technologies. • Ethernet • 4G
• WiFi • Satellite
The most common of these protocols is • Fibre
Ethernet, which is used in local area
networks. The protocol determines how
packets of data are transmitted between
devices.
There are a variety of different link layer
protocols, some wired and others wireless.
Briefly describe the function of each layer of the TCP/IP model.

Application Layer Transport Layer


Type your answer here. Type your answer here.

Internet Layer Link Layer


Type your answer here. Type your answer here.
Briefly describe the function of each layer of the TCP/IP model.

Application Layer Transport Layer


Operates the application’s Breaks down the data into packets to be
communication with the TCP/IP stack, for transferred. Packets are smaller than the
example the web browser or email original data, which makes them easier
client. Different applications use their and quicker to transport across a
own protocols. network.
Internet Layer Link Layer
Routes packets of data across the Operates the hardware protocols that
network to the correct destination based are used by each device on the network.
on its IP address. The internet layer There are a variety of different link layer
determines the most effective route to protocols, some wired and others
send the packet. wireless.
For each question, remove the incorrect answer.

Which protocol operates on the transport layer? TCP FTP

Which protocol operates on the application layer? IP HTTP

Which protocol operates on the link layer? IMAP Ethernet

Which protocol operates on the application layer? FTP WiFi

Which protocol operates on the transport layer? UDP SMTP


For each question, remove the incorrect answer.

Which protocol operates on the transport layer? TCP

Which protocol operates on the application layer? HTTP

Which protocol operates on the link layer? Ethernet

Which protocol operates on the application layer? FTP

Which protocol operates on the transport layer? UDP

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