MODULE 3:

INSTALL COMPUTER SYSTEM AND NETWORKS

LESSON 1: PLAN AND PREPARE FOR INSTALLATION

1.2 UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER SYSTEMS

 REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON
• WHAT IS OHS POLICIES AND STANDARD?
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY– (OHS) – is an
area concerned with protecting the safety, health
and welfare of people engaged in
work or employment.
• WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF OHS?
This is for your protection as well as to the people
working with you, and for the devices that you are
using.
• WHAT ARE THE PPE USED IN CHS?
UNDERSTANDING
COMPUTER SYSTEMS

• UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER
• TYPES OF COMPUTER
• CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
ARE YOU READY TO LISTEN AND
LEARN?
CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE PICTURES?

TLTBAE
TOSKPED
PTERMOC
VREESR
PTERMOC
WALBEREA PTERMOC
 UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER
• A computer is one of the most brilliant
inventions of mankind.
• Thanks to the computer technology, we were
able to achieve storage and processing of
huge amounts of data; we could rest our
brains by employing computer memory
capacities for storing information.
• Due to computers, we have been able to
speed up daily work, carry out critical
transactions and achieve accuracy and
precision in work.
 UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER
• Computers of the earlier years were of the
size of a large room and were required to
consume huge amounts of electric power.
• However, with the advancing technology,
computers have shrunk to the size of a
small watch.
• Depending on the processing power and
size of computers, they have been
classified under various types. Let us look
at the characteristics and classification of
computers.
 CHARACTERISTICS
• High Speed
• Reliability and Accuracy
• Large Memory
• Logical Decision Making
• Versatility
• Automation
• Diligence

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 Different Types of Computers
Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as analog, digital and hybrid
computers.

Analog Computers:
• These are almost extinct today. These are
different from a digital computer because
an analog computer can only perform
several mathematical operations
simultaneously.
• It uses continuous variables for
mathematical operations and utilizes
mechanical or electrical energy.
 ANALOG
COMPUTER
 Different Types of Computers
Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as analog, digital and hybrid
computers.

Digital Computers: They use digital circuits and are designed

to operate on two states, namely bits 0 and 1. They are
analogous to states ON and OFF.
• Data on these computers is represented as a series of 0s and
1s.
• Digital computers are suitable for complex computation and
have higher processing speeds.
• They are programmable.
• Digital computers are either general purpose computers or
special purpose ones.
• Special purpose computers, as their name suggests, are
designed for specific types of data processing while general
purpose computers are meant for general use.
 DIGITAL
COMPUTER
 Different Types of Computers
Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as analog, digital and hybrid
computers.

Hybrid Computers: These computers

are a combination of both digital and
analog computers. In this type of
computers, the digital segments
perform process control by conversion
of analog signals to digital ones.
 HYBRID
COMPUTER
TYPES OF COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Mainframe Computers: Large

organizations use mainframes for highly
critical applications such as bulk data
processing and ERP (Enterprise Resource
Planning). Most of the mainframe
computers have the capacities to host
multiple operating systems and operate as
a number of virtual machines and can
substitute for several small servers.
 MAIN
FRAME
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Mini-computers: In terms of size and

processing capacity, minicomputers lie in
between mainframes and microcomputers.
Minicomputers are also called mid-range
systems or workstations. The term began
to be popularly used in the 1960s to refer
to relatively smaller third generation
computers.
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Servers: They are computers designed to

provide services to client machines in a
computer network. They have larger storage
capacities and powerful processors. Running on
them are programs that serve client requests
and allocate resources like memory and time to
client machines. Usually, they are very large in
size, as they have large processors and many
hard drives. They are designed to be fail-safe
and resistant to crash.
SERVER
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Supercomputers: The highly calculation-

intensive tasks can be effectively performed by
means of supercomputers. Quantum physics,
mechanics, weather forecasting, molecular
theory are best studied by means of
supercomputers. Their ability of parallel
processing and their well-designed memory
hierarchy give the supercomputers, large
transaction processing powers.
 SUPER
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Microcomputers: A computer with a microprocessor

and its central processing unit it is known as a
microcomputer. They do not occupy space as much as
mainframes do. When supplemented with a keyboard
and a mouse, microcomputers can be called personal
computers. A monitor, a keyboard and other similar input
output devices, computer memory in the form of RAM
and a power supply unit come packaged in a
microcomputer. These computers can fit on desks or
tables and prove to be the best choice for single-user
tasks.
 MINI
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Desktops: A desktop is intended to be

used on a single location. The spare parts
of a desktop computer are readily
available at relatively lower costs. Power
consumption is not as critical as that in
laptops. Desktops are widely popular for
daily use in the workplace and
households.
 DESKTOP
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Laptops: Similar in operation to

desktops, laptop computers are
miniaturized and optimized for
mobile use. Laptops run on a
single battery or an external
adapter that charges the
computer batteries.
LAPTOP COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Net books: They fall in the category

of laptops but are inexpensive and
relatively smaller in size. They had a
smaller feature set and lesser
capacities in comparison to regular
laptops, at the time they came into
the market.
 NETBOOK
COMPUTER
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs): It is

a handheld computer and popularly known
as a palmtop. It has a touch screen and a
memory card for storage of data. PDAs
can also be used as portable audio
players, web browsers and smart phones.
Most of them can access the Internet by
means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi
communication.
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Tablet Computers: Tablets are

mobile computers that are very handy
to use. They use the touch screen
technology. Tablets come with an
onscreen keyboard or use a stylus or
a digital pen. Apple's iPod redefined
the class of tablet computers.
TABLET
 Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based on their sizes and
functionalities:

• Wearable Computers: A record-setting step in the

evolution of computers was the creation of wearable
computers. These computers can be worn on the body
and are often used in the study of behavior modeling and
human health. Military and health professionals have
incorporated wearable computers into their daily routine,
as a part of such studies. When the users' hands and
sensory organs are engaged in other activities, wearable
computers are of great help in tracking human actions.
Wearable computers do not have to be turned on and off
and remain in operation without user intervention.
WEARABLE COMPUTERS
GENERALIZATION
• A computer is one of the most brilliant inventions of
mankind. Due to computers, we have been able to
speed up daily work, carry out critical transactions and
achieve accuracy and precision in work.
• The Characteristics of computer are the following: High
Speed, Reliability and Accuracy, Large Memory, Logical
Decision Making, Versatility, Automation and Diligence
• There are types of computer the Analog, Digital and
Hybrid Computers
• Computers are classified into different categories, and
they are Main Frame, Mini-computer, Server, Super-
computer, Micro-Computer, Desktop, Laptop, Netbook,
Personal Digital Assistant, Tablet and Wearable
Computer.
 EVALUATION

QUIZ NOTEBOOK
 EVALUATION

Given the pictures,

identify the
classification of
each picture. Write
your answer in your
quiz notebook.
Enumeration:

6-8 Give the 3 Types of

Computer
9-12 What are the
Characteristic of Computer?
13-17 Give 5 Classification
of Computer
18-20 What is the
importance of Computer
Answer Key:

1. Desktop Computer
2. Laptop Computer
3. Netbook
4. Tablet
5. Wearable Computer
6. Analog
7. Digital
8. Hybrid
Answer Key:
Characteristics of Computer
9-12 High Speed,
Reliability and Accuracy
Large Memory
Logical Decision Making
Versatility
Automation
Diligence
Answer Key:
Classification of Computer
13-17 Main Frame, Mini-
computer, Server,
Super-computer,
Micro-Computer,
Desktop, Laptop,
Netbook, Personal
Digital Assistant,
Tablet and Wearable
 UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER
• A computer is one of the most brilliant
inventions of mankind.
• Thanks to the computer technology, we were
able to achieve storage and processing of
huge amounts of data; we could rest our
brains by employing computer memory
capacities for storing information.
• Due to computers, we have been able to
speed up daily work, carry out critical
transactions and achieve accuracy and
precision in work.
 UNDERSTANDING COMPUTER
• Computers of the earlier years were of the
size of a large room and were required to
consume huge amounts of electric power.
• However, with the advancing technology,
computers have shrunk to the size of a
small watch.
• Depending on the processing power and
size of computers, they have been
classified under various types. Let us look
at the characteristics and classification of
computers.
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AND
HISTORY

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?v=z3KnlfATUek

See messenger to watch

DIFFERENT COMPONENTS/DEVICES
OF A COMPUTER
An Overview of Motherboard Types
Information Technology Extended
An Overview of PC Memory Types
VOLATILE – likely to change in a very sudden or extreme way
CPU
CPU SOCKET TYPES

An Overview of CPU Socket Types

• 775 pins, LGA package

• Also called Socket T

- Named for the cancelled Tejas core
• Circa 2004
- Seen in later version of Pentium 4,
Intel Core 2 Duo, Xeon, and Celeron
land grid array (LGA) is a type of surface-mount packaging for
integrated circuits (ICs) that is notable for having the pins on thesocket rather
than the integrated circuit.
• 1,366 pins, LGA package

• Also called Socket B

• Replaced the LGA 775

• Circa 2008
- Used by Intel Core i7
• 1,156 pins, LGA package

• Also called Socket H1

• Also replaces LGA 775
• Release in 2009
•Integrates Northbridge onto
the chip

Northbridge (computing), a chip that implements the "faster" capabilities of the motherboard
• 1,155 pins, LGA package
• Socket H2
• Replacement for LGA 1156
- not compatible with LGA 1156
but looks very similar
• Release 2011
- Supports Intel Sandy Bridge
and Ivy Bridge microprocessors
Sandy Bridge is the codename for a microarchitecture developed by Intel beginning in
2005 for central processing units in computers to replace the Nehalem microarchitecture.
Intel demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor in 2009, and released first products based
on the architecture in January 2011 under the Core brand

Ivy Bridge (microarchitecture), the codename of an Intel microarchitecture released in

2012
FSB - Front-side bus, a computer subsystem