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Central-Processing-Unit-CPU (1)

The document provides an overview of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), describing it as the 'brain' of the computer responsible for executing instructions and processing data. It outlines the components of a CPU, its working process, performance factors, types, evolution, and comparisons with Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Key aspects include the roles of the Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit, and the importance of clock speed, cores, and cache memory in CPU performance.

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alenot.viiic
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13 views

Central-Processing-Unit-CPU (1)

The document provides an overview of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), describing it as the 'brain' of the computer responsible for executing instructions and processing data. It outlines the components of a CPU, its working process, performance factors, types, evolution, and comparisons with Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Key aspects include the roles of the Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit, and the importance of clock speed, cores, and cache memory in CPU performance.

Uploaded by

alenot.viiic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Central Processing Unit

(CPU)
The Brain of the Computer

by Alen O T
Introduction
What is a CPU? Why is it called the "brain"?

A CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is the "brain" of a The CPU acts like the brain of the computer, making
computer. It's responsible for executing instructions and decisions and controlling the flow of information.
processing data.
Components of a CPU
ALU CU Registers
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) The Control Unit (CU) coordinates Registers are temporary storage
performs mathematical the CPU's activities, fetching and locations for data that the CPU
calculations and logical decoding instructions. needs to access quickly.
operations.
CPU Working Process
1 Fetch
The CPU retrieves instructions from the computer's memory.

2 Decode
The CPU interprets the instructions, understanding what needs to be done.

3 Execute
The CPU performs the calculations or actions specified by the instruction.

4 Store
The CPU saves the result of the operation in the computer's memory.
CPU Performance Factors

Clock Speed Cores


A higher clock speed (measured More cores allow the CPU to
in GHz) means the CPU can handle multiple tasks
process information faster. simultaneously.

Cache Memory ISA


Cache memory stores frequently The Instruction Set Architecture
accessed data, reducing the time (ISA) defines how the CPU
it takes to retrieve information. processes data and interacts with
other components.
Types of CPUs
Single-core Dual-core, Quad-core, RISC vs CISC
Multi-core
Older processors that can handle Two different CPU architectures with
one task at a time. CPUs with multiple cores that can unique instruction sets; RISC (mobile
efficiently handle several tasks devices) and CISC (personal
simultaneously. computers).
Evolution of CPUs
1 Early CPUs
Intel 4004 (1971), the first commercial microprocessor.

2 Modern CPUs
Intel i9, AMD Ryzen 9, and Apple M-series processors represent the latest in CPU technology.

3 Future CPUs
Quantum and AI-based processors are being developed for even faster and more powerful computing.
CPU vs GPU

1 2 3
CPU GPU When to use what?
General-purpose processing unit, Graphics Processing Unit, optimized Use a CPU for tasks requiring logic
adept at handling a wide range of for parallel processing, ideal for and complex calculations. Use a GPU
tasks. graphics, AI, and simulations. for computationally intensive tasks.
Thank You!

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