Introduction of Demolition:

Demolition work means to demolish or dismantle a

structure or part of a structure
but does not include The dismantling of :
formwork,
false work, scaffolding
 The removal of power, light or telecommunication poles.
The demolition of an element of a structure is ‘high risk
construction work.
 Introduction of Demolition:
 Demolition work that is notifiable under the WHS Regulations involves:
 Demolition work involving machinery, and
 Demolition work involving explosives.
 Demolition Safety:
A safe demolition plan has been prepared loads
can be safely placed on floors
 Any demolition work should be proceed by:
i. Site survey which should be vi. Gas, water and steam service lines
comprehensive should be shut off.

ii. Decide the location and position of vii.The structure to be demolish should

scaffolds be adequately fenced and cordoned off

iii. Protection of the public viii. Display boards to be displayed

prominently warning the public of the
iv. protect surrounding buildings from
danger.
the danger of collapse.
ix. Remove Glass in doors and windows,
v. Electric power to all services within
the structures should be shut off.
 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
 Head protection
Use to protect from Falling objects, overhead loads
and sharp projections
b. Foot protection
Foot injuries fall into two broad types:
due to penetration of the sole by nails &
due to crushing by falling materials
safety shoes are protect from there two Injuries
c. Hand and skin protection
d. Eye protection
e. Respirator protection
f. Safety harness/ belt
Plant, Tools, and Equipment for Demolition
Importance of Appropriate Tools:
Efficiency, safety, and minimizing environmental impact.
 Key Factors in Choosing Demolition Equipment
Type of Structure: Residential, commercial, industrial.
Site Conditions: Space, nearby structures, safety hazards.
Scale of Demolition: Total or partial demolition.
Material of Structure: Concrete, steel, wood, etc.
 Heavy Machinery for Demolition
 Excavators:
 Bulldozers:
 Cranes with Wrecking Balls:
Tools for Manual Demolition
•Sledgehammers:
For small-scale manual demolition.
•Jackhammers:
Handheld pneumatic tools used for breaking hard surfaces
 Crowbars and Pry Bars:
For pulling apart materials and removing fixtures.
In demolition work, hazardous materials are substances
that can pose risks to workers'
health, safety, and
the environment if not handled properly
Common hazardous materials found in demolition
projects include:
1. Asbestos 4. Silica Dust
2. Lead 5. oil and fiul
3. Mercury
 Introduction of Demolition:
Demolition means tearing down, destruction,
breakup, razing or removal of the whole or part
of a building or structure
A building is demolished for various reasons such as:
it’s span of serviceability,
the structural integrity is compromised,
parts of the establishment will need to be refurbished
to improve its quality and value,
or the property owner intends to sell a vacant lot.
Causes of Demolition

 Demolition is carried out in following circumstance:

When the structure has lost its stability.
To build new structure in the existing place.
To modernize the existing structure.
 When the structure has exceeded its life time and lost
its structural properties
 . Different Types of Demolition

I. Total demolition
II. Selective demolition
III. Interior demolition
IV. Strip-out demolition
 I. Total demolition
 It is the demolition of an entire
Structure & mostly applied to the
re-structure of a building
There are Different methods of
This type of demolition:
a) Implosion demolition
It is a form of demolition in which objects are destroyed by
collapsing on themselves.
This method of demolition is use explosives for destroying the center
of stiffness of structure
 b) Chemical demolition

 Chemical demolition involves applying chemical

compounds to weaken or disintegrate materials such
as concrete, steel, or rock.
Advantages:
 It is Controlled Demolition
 Safety: Reduces the risk of accidents associated with heavy
machinery.
 Reduced Noise and Vibration
 Chemical Handling: Requires careful handling and
application of chemicals safety hazards
 c. Controlled demolition
 The process of deliberately bringing down a building or
structure in a safe and controlled manner, usually using
explosives or other mechanical methods.
 The goal is to collapse
 the structure into a predetermined area,
 Minimizing damage to surrounding areas.
D. Mechanical demolition
 It is a process of dismantling or tearing down a structure
using heavy machinery rather than explosives.
 This method is commonly used when buildings need to
be demolished in a controlled, safe, and non-explosive
manner.
 Selective demolition

 is a process where specific parts of a building or

structure are carefully removed
 The purpose is often to preserve materials for reuse or
to minimize waste and damage to surrounding areas.
 Key features of selective demolition include:
1. Preservation: reuse or recycling Materials
2. Precision: the targeted sections of the building are
removed without affecting other parts.
3. Environmental Benefits: reducing waste and
recycling materials
 Interior demolition

 Thistype of demolition involves the removal of specific

interior building
 This usually includes removal of walls, ceilings, pipes,
etc.
Strip-out demolition
 Demolition tools and equipment
a. Sledge hammer
It is a small handheld hammer used for the demolition of
small wall or simple structure.

b. Wrecking Balls
 Explosive Demolition
A method of easy bringing down buildings or structures
using controlled explosives.
Used for large, strong structures such as skyscrapers,
bridges, and industrial plants.

Strategic Use of Explosives:

•Explosives are placed in key structural areas to
weaken the building.
•Controlled Collapse
The building is made to collapse inward to prevent
damage nearby structures.
 Types of Explosives Used
Dynamite:
Commonly used in explosive demolition for its power and reliability.
Plastic Explosives (C4):
Used for precise demolition tasks.
Detonating Cord:
Used to connect explosive charges
Steps in Explosive Demolition
1- Planning and Analysis 2- Prepping the Building:
3- Placing the Explosives 4- Final Safety Checks
5- Detonation:
 Advantages of Explosive Demolition

• Speed:
Quickly brings down large structures compared to manual methods.
• Efficiency:
Minimal labor and equipment required during the actual demolition.
• Cost-effective:
Reduces time and labor costs for very large projects.
 Disadvantages and Risks
• Control Risks:
• There is always a risk of unplanned collapse, damaging nearby
areas.
• Environmental Concerns:
• Dust, debris, and noise pollution.
 falling like a tree demolishin

The building or structure is weakened on one side, just

like when a tree is cut
Directional Fall: The structure is guided to collapse in
a specific direction,
Falling into its own foot
Explosives are strategically placed on lower support to
weaken its foundation
Safety for Surrounding Areas:
Reduces the risk of damage to nearby buildings, roads,
or infrastructure.
 Classification of Demolition based on structure

 Non-Structural Types:
 Dismantling of Doors, windows, flooring, cabinetry
and appliances.
 Structural Types:
 Dismantling of Beams, columns, floors, Walls, roofs.
Demolition Building structure