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Intro Freq Response

The document provides an overview of frequency response in automatic control systems, emphasizing the relationship between sinusoidal inputs and outputs. It discusses the significance of magnitude and phase shift for system performance and highlights various methods for displaying frequency response information, including Bode diagrams, Nyquist plots, and Nichols charts. Additionally, it reviews time response techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of pole-placement approaches in system analysis.

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rigelaldebran19
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3 views

Intro Freq Response

The document provides an overview of frequency response in automatic control systems, emphasizing the relationship between sinusoidal inputs and outputs. It discusses the significance of magnitude and phase shift for system performance and highlights various methods for displaying frequency response information, including Bode diagrams, Nyquist plots, and Nichols charts. Additionally, it reviews time response techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of pole-placement approaches in system analysis.

Uploaded by

rigelaldebran19
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PENGANTAR Sistem Pengendalian

Otomatik
RESPON FREKUENSI Departemen Teknik
Fisika ITS
OVERVIEW

1. Review of time response


techniques

2. Intro to the concept of frequency


response

3. Using frequency response


information

4. Displaying frequency response


TIME RESPONSE
REVIEW
Previously, we have determined the time response
of linear systems to arbitrary inputs and initial
conditions
We have also studied the character of certain
standard systems to certain simple inputs

SYSTEM

• Used algebra and root locus to place dominant


closed-loop poles to give desired time response
− τ, Mp, tp, ts, tr, etc.
TIME RESPONSE
REVIEW
Advantage of pole-placement approach
is that the time response can be
affected directly, easiest for canonical
systems

Disadvantage of the approach is that


sometimes it is difficult to determine
the effect of higher-order poles and of
zeros, and how the system will respond
to complex inputs
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CONCEPT
Input sine waves of different
frequencies and look at the output in
steady state
If G(s) is linear and stable, a sinusoidal
input will generate in steady state a
scaled and shifted sinusoidal output of
theR sin
samet frequency Y sin(t   )

G(s)
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CONCEPT
Two primary quantities of interest that
have implications for system
performance are: = magnitude of G at
1. The scaling
Y s=jω
 G ( j )
R

2. The phase shift= angle of G at s=jω


  G ( j )

Important for designing controllers,


filters, choosing sensors, designing
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
ANALYSIS
Attenuation may be
desired: noise, disturbances
undesired: commanded reference input

Amplification can destabilize a system


(resonance)

Phase lag means information is delayed,


can hurt performance and also destabilize
a system
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CONCEPT
Different ways to present this
information:
 Bode diagram (two graphs)
1. magnitude vs. frequency
2. phase vs. frequency
 Nyquist plot
magnitude vs. phase (polar)
 Nichols chart
magnitude vs. phase (rectangular)
BODE
DIAGRAM 10
Bode Diagram

EXAMPLE 0

-10

Magnitude (dB)
-20

Magnitude in -30

decibels vs. -40

Frequency in -50
0

rad/sec -45

Phase (deg)
-90

-135
Phase in degrees
-180
vs. frequency in 10
-1 0
10
1
10
2
10
Frequency (rad/sec)
rad/sec
OTHER
EXAMPLES
Nyquist plot

Nichols chart
SUMMARY
Frequency response concept:
Sinusoidal inputs generate sinusoidal outputs
of same frequency (though scaled and shifted)
Amount of scaling (magnitude) and shift
(phase) at various frequencies is of interest
Different options for displaying the information
1. Bode diagram
2. Nyquist plot
3. Nichols chart

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