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Chapter 1 problem solving

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Chapter 1 problem solving

Uploaded by

yohanjames245
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTIO

N TO
PROBLEM
SOLVING
•LEARNING INTENSION: TO DEVELOP BASIC
COMPUTATIONAL THINKING IN PROGRAMMING

•LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM-SOLVING
PROCESS
• LEARN BASIC CODING CONCEPTS.
• PRACTICE APPLYING PROBLEM-SOLVING AND
CODING SKILLS.

•SUCCESS CRITERIA :
•I CAN
PRETEST

• HOW CAN YOU DEFINE A PROBLEM ?


• STATE THE STEPS WHICH YOU THINK CAN SOLVE
A PROBLEM ?
• WHAT IS THE ROLE OF COMPUTERS IN SOLVING
A PROBLEM THESE DAYS ?
INTRODUCTION TO
PROBLEM SOLVING

• EXAMPLE:
• EARLIER WE WERE GOING TO BANKS AND STANDING IN
LONG QUEUES FOR ANY TYPE OF TRANSACTION LIKE
MONEY DEPOSIT OR WITHDRAWALS. TODAY WE CAN DO
THESE TASKS FROM ANYWHERE WITHOUT VISITING
BANKS THROUGH INTERNET BANKING AND MOBILES.

• THE PROBLEM SOLVED USING A SOFTWARE TO MAKE A


TASK EASY AND COMFORTABLE. THIS IS CALLED AS
“COMPUTERISATION”
STEPS FOR PROBLEM SOLVING

If the problem is simple


and easy, we will find the
solution easily. But the 4.Testing
1.Analysi 2.Develop
complex problem need few and
ng the ing an 3.Coding
methods or steps to solve debuggin
problem algorithm
it and so, it is a step by g
step process. These steps
are as follows:
ANALYSING THE PROBLEM

Understanding the problem :

find what is occurring ?

What is expected ?
What is the discrepancy between “expected outcome” and
“current outcome”
• Analyzing the problem :
• Identify the processing components
• Identify the relationships among processing components
Think of different ideas for
Identify possible solutions:
solutions

Zero or most appropriate


solution
Check your ideas for • Design a chosen solution :
• Break the task into
aptness( if the above is not subtasks(modular approach)
working try a new idea) • Decide step by step solution
• Identify operations for solution :
• Decide minimum number of inputs
required.
• Decide Arithmetic logical operations
required.
• Choose simple and efficient data
DEVELOPING AN ALGORITHM
structures
HERE WE NEED TO
UNDERSTAND
DECOMPOSITION
• DECOMPOSITION :
• IS A PROCESS OF BREAKING DOWN A BIG OR
COMPLEX PROBLEM INTO A SET OF SMALLER SUB
PROCESSES TO ALLOW US TO DESCRIBE ,
UNDERSTAND,OR EXECUTE THE PROBLEM BETTER. IT
HENCE INVOLVES :
• DIVIDING A TASK INTO A SEQUENCE OF SUBTASKS.
• IDENTIFYING ELEMENTS OR PARTS OF A COMPLEX
SYSTEM.
CODING

• CODE PROGRAM :
• DECIDE CONTROL STRUCTURES :

(CONDITIONAL STRUCTURES /LOOPING STRUCTURES )


• THINKING OF THE EFFICIENCY :
• SPEED
• EFFECTIVENESS
• PERFORMANCE
Find Errors(Testing )

TESTING Correct it (Debug)


AND
DEBUGGIN Test with sample data(common
G example data, unusual situations)

Documentation (not mandatory , this


can help the other programmers to
understand the code )
IMPLEMENT CODE

• INSTALL AND RUN FOR ACTUAL USER IN A REAL


LIFE ENVIRONMENT
PROGRAM MAINTAINENCE

1 2 3
Rectify earlier Add features Update
undetected /functionality functionality
errors if any.
ALGORITHM

In basic terms, an algorithm is a set of well-defined steps or rules


that you need to follow to obtain a pre-determined result. For
instance, when we talk about algorithms in computer programming,
we already have our input and we know the expected output. Now,
an algorithm would be all the defined steps to follow on the input to
get the desired output.
FLOWCHART

• WHAT IS A FLOWCHART?
• A FLOWCHART IS A VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF
THE SEQUENCE OF STEPS AND DECISIONS
NEEDED TO PERFORM A PROCESS. EACH STEP IN
THE SEQUENCE IS NOTED WITHIN A DIAGRAM
SHAPE. STEPS ARE LINKED BY CONNECTING LINES
AND DIRECTIONAL ARROWS. THIS ALLOWS
ANYONE TO VIEW THE FLOWCHART AND
LOGICALLY FOLLOW THE PROCESS FROM
BEGINNING TO END.
ALGORITHM/FLOWCHART
• ATTEMPT ANY TWO :
• Q1:DECOMPOSE THE TASK OF CREATING A MOBILE APP DEMONSTRATING THE FOUR
STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING ?
• Q2: WRITE AN ALGORITHM TO FIND THE SQUARE OF A NUMBER.
• Q3: DRAW A FLOWCHART TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF A NON-FUNCTIONING LIGHT
BULB
• Q4:. DRAW A FLOWCHART FOR CALCULATING GRADE FROM MARKS PERCENTAGE.
• Q5:. WRITE AN ALGORITHM AND DRAW A FLOWCHART TO DETERMINE IF A STUDENT
PASSED THE EXAM OR NOT.( NOTE THERE ARE 4 SUBJECT PAPERS AND PASSING
AVERAGE IS 50 OR MORE.)
• Q6: DRAW A FLOWCHART, WRITE AN ALGORITHM /PSEUDO CODE FOR FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS :-
• 1. TO CHECK IF A NUMBER IS A POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE NUMBER.
• 2. TO CHECK IF A NUMBER IS AN ODD OR EVEN NUMBER.

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