Scribd
Upload
4 views

2.2computer fundamentals

The document outlines various types of computer devices, categorized into input devices (like keyboards and mice), input/output devices (such as touch screens and modems), processing devices (including the CPU and motherboard), and memory/storage devices (differentiating between primary and secondary storage). It also discusses power management devices and the importance of software, distinguishing between system software and application software. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of computer hardware and software components.

Uploaded by

HABTU BEYENE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

2.2computer fundamentals

The document outlines various types of computer devices, categorized into input devices (like keyboards and mice), input/output devices (such as touch screens and modems), processing devices (including the CPU and motherboard), and memory/storage devices (differentiating between primary and secondary storage). It also discusses power management devices and the importance of software, distinguishing between system software and application software. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of computer hardware and software components.

Uploaded by

HABTU BEYENE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

 INPUT DEVICES

-issuing commands and entering


data
1. Keyboard
Keyboard
2. Pointing Devices
– Mouse
– Trackball
– Puck/Stylus
3. Joystick
4. Light Pen
5. Scanner
6. Digital Camera
7. Video Digitizer
8. Microphone
 INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES
- can function both in input and output
operation
1. Touch Sensitive
Screens
2. Modem
3. Hub/Switches
 PROCESSING DEVICES
- responsible for the process operation that occurs
inside the SYSTEM UNIT. Devices outside the System unit
are called PERIPHERALS.

1. CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT-
brain of the computer
2. MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD
or MOTHERBOARD
-central
nervous system
3. SLOTS
4. EXPANSION CARDS
5. PORT
6. BUS
 MEMORY or STORAGE
- the circuitry where the computer holds
data and instructions.

COMPUTER STORAGE

Primary Storage (MEMORY) Secondary Storage (STORAGE)

RAM SASD DASD

ROM REEL-TO REEL TAPES FLOPPY DISK

CACHE TAPE CARTRIDGES HARD DISKS

COMPACT DISKS

VOLATILE – data are lost when there is no power REMOVABLE MEDIA

NONVOLATILE - permanent storage


 Primary Storage or
Main
Memory

1. ROM (Read-Only Memory)


- contains permanent instructions (BIOS)
2. RAM (Random Access Memory)
- scratch pad of the computer
3. CACHE - most advanced and fastest
MEMORY CARD
(RAM)
Secondary Storage or
Auxiliary
Memory
 Sequential-
Access Storage
(Tertiary)
1. REEL-TO-REEL TAPES

2. TAPE CARTRIDGES
 DIRECT-ACCESS STORAGE

1. Floppy Disk
- Minifloppy Disk
(5.25”) 360KB-
1.2MB
- Microfloppy Disk
(3.5”) 720KB-
1.44MB, 2.88MB
2. Hard Disk
- 1GB, 10GB, 80GB
3. Compact Disk
1. CD- ROM (CD- Read
Only Memory)
2. CD-R (CD-
Recordable)
3. CD-RW (CD-
Rewritable)
4. Removable Media
 Power Management
Devices
 UPS- Uninterruptible Power
Supply
 AVR- Automatic Voltage Regulator
 IPS- Internal Power Supply
 SOFTWARE
Good software maximizes the efficiency with
which the computer operates.
Categories of Software
1. System Software or Operating
System (OS)- collection of special
programs that the controls the computer
ex.: MS-DOS, Windows 95/98/XP, Linux
firmware - system software stored in the ROM (BIOS)
2. Application Software- programs
which address the multitude of specific
tasks of the user. ex. games, word
processing, spreadsheets

You might also like