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Constructing Probability Distribution2 Students Copy

The document discusses random variables through various activities, including testing cell phones, tossing coins, and drawing balls from an urn. It explains how to assign values to outcomes based on the number of defective items or specific results, illustrating the concept of random variables in probability. Additionally, it includes exercises for further practice on identifying sample spaces and assigning values to random variables.

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John gaming Ph 25
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Constructing Probability Distribution2 Students Copy

The document discusses random variables through various activities, including testing cell phones, tossing coins, and drawing balls from an urn. It explains how to assign values to outcomes based on the number of defective items or specific results, illustrating the concept of random variables in probability. Additionally, it includes exercises for further practice on identifying sample spaces and assigning values to random variables.

Uploaded by

John gaming Ph 25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONSTRUCTING

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
RANDOM VARIABLES

ACTIVITY
Suppose three cell phones are tested at
random. We want to find out the number of
defective cell phones that occur. Thus, to
each outcome in the sample space we shall
assign a value. These are 0,1,2,or 3. If there
is no defective cell phone, we assign number
0; if there is 1 defective cell phone, we
assign number 1; if there are 2 defective cell
phones, we assign the number 2; and 3 if
there are three defective cell phones. The
number of defective cell phones is a random
variable. The possible values of this random
variable are 0, 1,2, and 3.
RANDOM VARIABLES

Possible Outcomes Value of the Random Variable X


(number of defective cell
phones)
NNN 0

NND 1

NDN 1

DNN 1

NDD 2

DND 2

DDN 2

DDD 3

A random variable is a function that associates a real number to each


element in the sample space. It is a variable whose values are determined by
chance .
ACTIVITY 2 TOSSING THREE COINS

Suppose three coins are tossed. Let Y


be the random variable representing
the number of tails that occur. Find the
values of the random variable Y.
Complete the table.
ACTIVITY 2 TOSSING THREE COINS
Steps Solution
Suppose three
1. Determine coins are
the sample tossed.
space. LetLetH Y be theThe
random variable
sample spacerepresenting
for this experiment is:
the number
represent headof tails
and that occur.tail.
T represent Find the values
S=of{TTT,
the random variable Y.
TTH,THT,HTT,HHT,HTH,,THH,HHH}
Complete the table table
2. Count the number of tails in each outcome Possible Outcomes Value of the
in the sample space and assign this number Random Variable Y
to this outcome. (number of tails)
TTT 3
TTH 2
THT 2
HTT 2
HHT 1
HTH 1
THH 1
HHH 0
ACTIVITY 3 DRAWING A BALLS FROM AN URN

Two balls are drawn in succession without


replacement from an urn containing 5 red
balls and 6 blue balls. Let Z be the
random variable representing the number
of blue balls. Find the values of the
random variable Z.
ACTIVITY 3 DRAWING BALLS FROM AN URN
Steps Solution
Suppose three
1. Determine coins are
the sample tossed.
space. LetLet
B Y be theThe
random variable
sample spacerepresenting
for this experiment is:
the number
represent of tails
the blue ballthat
and occur. Find the
R represent thevalues
S=of{RR,
the random variable Y.
RB, BR, BB}
redComplete
ball. the table table
2. Count the number of blue balls in each
outcome in the sample space and assign this Possible Outcomes Value of the
number to this outcome. Random Variable Z
(number of blue
balls)
RR 0
RB 1
BR 1
BB 2
QUIZ 2

Four coins are tossed. Let Z be the


random variable representing the
number of heads that occur . Find the
values of the random variable Z.
Possible Outcomes Value of the Random
Variable Z
(number of heads)
HHHH 4
HHHT 3
HHTH 3
HHTT 2
HTHH 3
HTHT 2
HTTH 2
HTTT 1
TTTT 0
TTTH 1
TTHH 2
TTHT 1
THHH 3
THHT 2
THTH 2
THTT 1
Exercises:
1. A shipment of five computers contains two that are
slightly defective. If a retailer receives three of these
computers at random, list the elements of the sample
space S using the letters D and N for defective and non-
defective computers, respectively. To each sample point
assign a value x of the random variable x representing
the number of computers purchased by the retailer which
are slightly defective.

2. Let T be a random variable giving the number of heads


plus the number of tails in three tosses of a coin. List the
elements of the sample space S for the three tosses of
the coin and assign a value to each sample point.

Reference: Statistics and Probability book


Page 7.

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