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Excretory

The excretory system is responsible for removing metabolic waste products, such as urea and carbon dioxide, from the blood to maintain balance in the body. Key components include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which work together to filter blood, reabsorb necessary substances, and excrete urine. Health issues like kidney failure and kidney stones can arise when the system malfunctions, leading to serious complications.

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5 views

Excretory

The excretory system is responsible for removing metabolic waste products, such as urea and carbon dioxide, from the blood to maintain balance in the body. Key components include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which work together to filter blood, reabsorb necessary substances, and excrete urine. Health issues like kidney failure and kidney stones can arise when the system malfunctions, leading to serious complications.

Uploaded by

gzcbrsbr82
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Excretory System

• Excretion – getting rid of waste


materials.
• (Materials that organisms make in
their cells, and are in excess – does
not include waste from digestive
system)

• Our cells use oxygen and nutrients to


function and produce various
metabolic waste products including:
• Urea: a substance formed when
protein is broken down in the liver.
• Carbon dioxide: a by-product of
cellular respiration.
• Excess water
Excretory System
• The organs of the excretory system
are responsible for removing these
harmful metabolic waste products
from the
blood, so they don’t build up to high
concentrations.
• One of the main functions of the
excretory system is to prevent too
much or too little water in the body.

liver -
digestion - blood - excretory
makes
food protein small transports system
urea (from
molecules to liver (kidney)
excess)
Components of the
Excretory System
(Renal System)

ureter
kidney

urethr
a

bladd
er
1. Kidneys
• You have two kidneys: each is
bean-shaped and about the size
of your fist.

• The kidneys filter all the blood in


your body to remove urea from
the blood.

• Kidneys also remove excess


water from the blood

• Your kidneys produce urine,


which is a combination of excess
water and waste products (urea).
2. Ureters
• There are two ureters that connect each kidney with the
bladder and carry the urine from the kidney to the bladder.

kidney

ureter
s

bladd
er
3. Bladder
• The bladder is a balloon-like organ that collects the urine
before excreting it during urination.

bladd
er

urethr
a
4. Urethra
• The urethra is a tube that connects the bladder to the
outside of the human body where the urine is excreted.

bladd
er

urethr
a
Main Processes in the
Excretory System
Filtration: all the blood in the body passes through the
kidneys as part of the circulatory system. The kidneys
filter the blood to remove unwanted minerals, urea, and
excess water. Some water is removed so that the
metabolic waste products can be excreted.
Absorption: once the blood is filtered, the substances the
body needs are reabsorbed into the blood so that they’re
not lost in the urine.

Diffusion: the substances are transported into and out of


the specialised cells of the kidney through diffusion.

Excretion: the kidneys funnel the liquid urine through the


ureters to the bladder where it’s stored. When the bladder
has filled up, it uses muscles to force the urine out of the
body through the urethra, which is called excretion.
Health Issues Involving the
Excretory System
Kidney
failure
the kidney loses its ability
to properly filter and
remove metabolic waste,
which allows this waste to
build up in the body. This
is very harmful and can be
fatal. In such cases, the
patient needs to undergo
regular kidney dialysis.
Dialysis involves using a
machine that filters the
blood for the patient to
remove waste products.
Health Issues Involving the
Excretory System
Kidney Kidne
Stones y
stones
these form when fluid
intake is too low, resulting
in the concentration of
solutes in the kidney
becoming too high. This
can result in a small
crystal forming. A kidney
stone can stay in the
kidney or move down the
ureter to be excreted in
the urine. A larger stone,
however, may cause
severe pain along the
urinary tract and can get
stuck, blocking the flow of
urine and causing severe
pain or bleeding.
Questions

1. What is the another name of excretory


system?

2. How is the CO2 is excreted from the body?

3. Humans excrete urea, which is made from


excess proteins in the body.
Suggest why plants do not produce urea that
they have to excrete.

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