HOW ARE WE
RELATED TO EACH
OTHER?
LESSON 10
TARGET:
At the end of the lesson you will be able to:
*Discuss kinship and descent.
*Describe how we relate to one another
*Utilize kinship in studying human
relations
*Examine how kinship is changing in the
modern world.
Lets explore:
How do you trace your ancestry? Time
yourself.
In five minutes, draw your family tree
up to your
Great grandparents.
Kinship
*Aside from being political
system
animals, humans are
social creatures. They
also
socialized and
Organized groups to obtain
relations with one another
he importance of studying kinship
it is an imperative to learn the basic
principles of kinship to make sense of
it. Social scientists explore
kin relations that can be through
CONSANGUNILEAL or AFFINAL.
Congsanguinity or consanguineal
relation
Measure biological or blood ties.
Affinity or affinal relation, on the other
hand is forged through
Rituals (e.g. marriage ) when social
scientist, specially anthropologist, go to
kinship is one of the most complex
-
systems of cultures. All human groups
have a kinship
Terminology to refer to kin, as a way to
simplify kinship systems anthropologist
use a kinship
Diagram to visualized relations rather
than relying on verbal explanations of
their informants
Alone the general idea of kinship is to
Functions of
kinships
Why is there a need to learned about
kinship? Kinship in societies around the
World, provides means to blind successive
generations. It is to pass on properties,
Political office, and traditions within and
to subsequent generations. This
inheritance perspective oh kinship is the
Descent groups
Descent groups are permanent social units whose
members claim common ancestry
Membership is lifelong and determined at birth. It also
refers to a rules a culture uses
To establish affiliations with ones parents.
Easy way to understand
What is the groups.
descent descent system of kinship?
The descent system is a system of kinship. It
determines ancestry as it is created
through blood relation, marriage, and
adoption.
There are two types of rules of
decent:
UNILINEAL DESCENT
Is a descent that establishes group membership
through either the mothers or the fathers
line, but not through both.
NON-UNLINEAL DESCENT
Is a system descent inheritance that do not
distinguish between or selectively privilege
descendants of mother and father.
Matrilineal and patrilineal
descent
MATRILINEAL DESCENT
Kinship reckoned through a persons mother
and other lineal female ancestors
PATRILINEAL DESCENT
A system where an individuals clan or lineage
group that determined through men or males
relatives
. DOUBLE DESCENT
BILINEAL
*It's a form of unilineal descent which
combines both patrilines and matrilines.
AMBILINEAL DESCENT
*tracing an individuals descent either
through the father or the mother as a
chosen by an individual.
Bilateral descent
Is a system of a family lineage in which the
relatives on the mothers side and fathers
side are equally important for emotional ties
or for transfer for property or wealth.
WHO TO MARRY??
Marriage is a characteristic of human relations and
social groupings that exist in all cultures it is a socially
recognized relation that involves emotional and
physical intimacy, sexual reproduction,companionship,
legal rights and inheritance. Unlike kinship group
through descent marriage builds Kinship ties.
Marriage or affinal ties take many forms in societies
across the globe. Who should marry who? Why is there
Forms of marriage
Marriage is a culturally defined, and institutionalized
form of a relationship and social
Practice designed to address the need of human beings. It
includes legal, customary,
Economic, and subsistence rights.
THREE FORMS OF MARRIAGE
*MONOGAMY
Is a marriage between a man and a women that is a widely
accepted norm worldwide.
*POLOGYNY
It is a type of marriage that permits a man to marry more than
one or more women.
*POLYNANDRY
Tibet cultures practice this system. It is an uncommon practice of
marriage which is the opposite of pologyny.
OTHER FORMS OF MARRIAGE
There are primary patterns in terms of affinal ties
that exist endogamy and exogamy. Endogamy is a
marriage within a group it is a practice where an
individual chooses to marry within a specific social
groups, ethnic groups or in a caste system.
Exogamy, on the other hand is a social norm of
marrying outside a social group. The two are
culturally bounded.
RESIDENCE
RULES
After marriage, a newlywed couple establishes their
own family. Since the family is the basic unit of
economic cooperation and stability (bonvillian 2010:
211) parents provides necessary support for its
members it includes economic and emotional support .
Child rearing is the primary responsibility of parents
where in enculturation begins.
*PATRILOCAL :this pattern relates to living with or near
the husbands family. It is a
Common practice of societies where the solidarity of the
male group is important. Like
Heavy labor and frequent warfare.
*MATRILOCAL: this is the second most common residence
pattern where the couple moves with
Or near the bridges of the brides family this practice
occurs in horticulturalist societies or groups
BILOCAL (umbilical): this is the practice where the bride
and groom pick which family to live near
Or with. It happens In societies where extend kin networks
are important , and where land in limited
*NEOLOGICAL: it is a common in industrial societies where couples
establish independent residences
Neither from the side of the groom nor the bride. This practice is
increasingly widespread, which develops the nuclear family
*AVUNCUNOCAL: this pattern supports living or near
the house of the grooms mothers brother.
BIOLOGY AND MARRIAGE
Cultures establishes their marriage systems according
to the accepted ideas that are relatives across
The globe. Some produce rules that forbid sexual
relations with certain blood relatives.
FICTIVE KINSHIP
Fictive kinship is a word to describe a form of kinship
neither so consangulineal nor affinal ties. It
Recognized kinship obligations beyond biological.
ty;
e your kinship diagram . Trace you ancestry up to four generations from your g
e your martilineal descent using green color and patrilineal with orrange.
Thank you so much for
listening
GROUP MEMBERS
HIEL NEZIAH JOY B. CORABLES
KYLA BASE
MARK SEDRICK BAYOS.
