POWER CONTROL

1 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Contents

1. Reasons and Strategies

2. Overview
3. Parameters
4. Power Ranges
5. MS Power Control
6. BTS Power Control
7. MS Power Optimization in Call
Set-up
8. MS Power optimization in
Handover

2 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Reasons and Strategy

• There can be Power Control (POC) both for MS power and

BTS power. Handled by the BSC.

REASONS
REASONS

••Optimize
OptimizeUplink
Uplinkand
andDownlink
DownlinkQOS
QOS->->decrease
decrease
interferences
interferences
••Decrease
Decreasepower
powerconsumption
consumptionof
ofthe
theMobile
Mobile

3 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Strategy

STRATEGY

•Enough margin against Rayleigh fading

•HO has always higher priority than PC
•Controlled by interval
•Increase and decrease act independently
•BTS and MS apply Power Control
independently

•BCCH TRX doesn't use Power Control.

•DL/UL Power Control can be disabled

4 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Overview (1/2)

EnaFastAveCallSetup
EnaFastAvePC
MS + BTS EnaFastAveHO

Measurements
Measurements Averaging
Averaging
ho/pc_Averaging_Lev/Qual_UL/DL
WindowSize
Weight
msDistanceAveragingParameter
BtsMeasAverage WIndowSize

DTXMode Power Control ?

Measurements
Measurements Averaging
Averaging

MS AveragingWindow SizeAdjCell
AllAdjacentCellsAveraged
NumberOfZeroResults
Bookkeeping
Bookkeeping

5 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Overview (2/2)

POWER CONTROL

UPLINK
Uplink Quality AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC

Uplink Level AV_RXLEV_UL_PC

THRESHOLD
COMPARISON
Downlink Quality AV_RXQUAL_DL_PC

Downlink Level AV_RXLEV_DL_PC

POWER CONTROL

Separate Averaging Parameters DOWNLINK

For Handover and for Power Control

PC
INTERVAL

Parameter Value
powerControlInterval 0 … 30 sec.
powerIncrStepSize 2, 4, 6 dB
powerReductionStepSize 2, 4 dB
powerControlEnabled Y/N

6 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Parameters
Parameter Value

pcUpper/LowerThreshold AV_RXLEV_UL_PC -110 ... -47

sLevUL (dBm)
rxLevel 1 ... 32
px 1 ... 32
nx AV_RXLEV_DL_PC
pcUpper/ -110 ... -47
LowerThresholdsLevDL (dBm)
rxLevel 1 ... 32
px 1 ... 32
AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC
nx

pcUpper/ 0 ... 7
LowerThresholdsQualUL AV_RXQUAL_DL_PC 1 ... 32
rxQual 1 ... 32
px
nx 0 ... 7
pcUpper/ 1 ... 32
7 © NOKIA LowerThresholdsQualDL
2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 / 1 ... 32
 POWER CONTROL
Safety region

LowerLEV UpperLEV

UpperQUAL

LowerQUAL

Applicable both on Downlink and Uplink Directions

8 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
Ranges

Attenuations

30 dB System
Range Dependent
Range
Power Values

Parameter Value

bsTxPwrMax 0 … 30 dB (2 dB step)
bsTxPwrMin 0 … 30 dB (2 dB step)
minMsTxPower for GSM 5 … 43 dBm (2 dB ste
msTxPwrMaxfor GSM 5 … 43 dBm (2 dB step)

9 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS power increase due to signal
level
• if RXLEV_UL+ 2*PowIncrStepSize <=
PcLowerThresholdsLevUL
PWR_INCR_STEP = PcLowerThresholdsLevUL- RXLEV_UL
(Variable step size)

else Power Control Triggered

PWR_INCR_STEP = PowIncrStepSize

PcLowerThresholdsLevUL

RXLEV_UL is the current signal level measured by the

BTS
RXLEV_UL <> AV_RXLEV_UL_PC ( used for threshold
comparison )

10 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS power decrease due to signal
level
• if RXLEV_UL - 2*PowRedStepSize >=
PcUpperThresholdsLevUL
PWR_DECR_STEP = RXLEV_UL -
PcUpperThresholdsLevUL
(Variable step size)
PcUpperThresholdsLevU

• else
Power Control Triggered
PWR_DECR_STEP = PowRedStepSize

RXLEV_UL is the current signal level measured by the

BTS
RXLEV_UL <> AV_RXLEV_UL_PC ( used for threshold
comparison )

11 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS power increase due to signal
quality
• Only variable step size
• Two different Algorithms
• Largest increase is considered

Based on Current Quality

PWR_INCR_STEP
PWR_INCR_STEP==
(1+MAX(0,Qa))*PowIncrStepSize
(1+MAX(0,Qa))*PowIncrStepSize
where
where
Qa
Qa==RXQUAL_UL
RXQUAL_UL--PcLowerThresholdsQualUL
PcLowerThresholdsQualUL
LARGEST
LARGESTINCREASE
INCREASE
Based on Current Level
PWR_INCR_STEP
PWR_INCR_STEP==PcLowerThresholdsLevUL
PcLowerThresholdsLevUL--
RXLEV_UL
RXLEV_UL

IFIF: :RXLEV_UL
RXLEV_UL++2*PowIncrStepSize
2*PowIncrStepSize<<==
PcLowerThresholdsLevUL
PcLowerThresholdsLevUL
12 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /
 POWER CONTROL
MS power decrease due to signal
quality

• Two different Algorithms

Based on OptimumRxLevUL being used or not
• if the resulting RXLEV_UL would get too close to
PcLowerThresholdLevUL (as a result of the decrease) there
could be a consecutive increase due to level which will lead to
triggering the decrease again. To avoid this "ping pong" effect BSC
makes sure before decreasing the power due to signal quality that
RXLEV_UL is at least 6 dB higher than the
PcLowerThresholdLevUL.
6 dB Margin is in-built in BSC

13 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
"Ping Pong" effect
LowerLEV UpperLEV

UpperQUAL

LowerQUAL

Power decrement due to quality

Power increment due to level

14 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS power decrease due to signal quality (1)

IF
IF::optimumRxLevUL
optimumRxLevUL==NN
• if RXLEV_UL - 2*PowRedStepSize >=
PcUpperThresholdsLevUL
• PWR_DECR_STEP = RXLEV_UL -
PcUpperThresholdsLevUL
• (Variable step size)
• else
• PWR_DECR_STEP = PowRedStepSize
Same as in the MS Power decrease due to
Signal Level,
but Triggered by different condition (quality)

15 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS power decrease due to signal quality (2)
• PWR_DECR_STEP = IF
IF: :optimumRxLevUL
optimumRxLevUL<>
<>NN
MIN[ PwrDecrLimit, MAX( MAX (0, RXLEV_UL -
OptimumRxLevUL),
(PwrDecrFactor
16 + MAX(0, Qa)) *PowRedStepSize ) ]
• where Qa
14 = PcUpperThresholdsQualUL - AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC

12
Pwr_Decr_Step

PcUpperThresholdQualUL = 1
10

PwrDecrLimitBand0 :
if 8
AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC = 0
6
PwrDecrLimit = 10dB

PwrDecrLimitBand1 : 4
if
AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC = 1 2

PwrDecrLimitBand2 :
if 0
-109

-107

-105

-103

-101

-99

-97

-95

-93

-91

-89

-87

-85

-83

-81

-79

-77

-75

-73

-71

-69

-67

-65

-63
AV_RXQUAL_UL_PC = 2
RxLev_UL

B = Max ( 0 , RXLEV_UL - OptimumRxLevUL ) C = (PwrDecrFactor + Max(0,Qa)) *PwrRedStepSize Min(Max(B;C) , PwrDecrLimit)

16 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power increase due to signal level
• if RXLEV_DL + 2*PowIncrStepSize <=
PcLowerThresholdsLevDL

PWR_INCR_STEP = PcLowerThresholdsLevDL -
RXLEV_DL
(Variable step size)
Power Control Triggered

• else

PWR_INCR_STEP = PowIncrStepSize
PcLowerThresholdsLevDL

RXLEV_DL is the current signal level measured by the MS

RXLEV_DL <> AV_RXLEV_DL_PC ( used for threshold
comparison )

17 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal level (1/2)
(S9 improvement)

PcUpperThresholdsLevDL
• if VariableDLStepUse = N
PWR_DECR_STEP =
PowRedStepSize Power Control Triggered
(no variable step size)

Parameter Value

VariableDLStepUse Y/N

18 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal level (2/2)
(S9 improvement)

If VariableDLStepUse = N

•if RXLEV_DL - 2*PowRedStepSize >=

PcUpperThresholdsLevDL
PWR_DECR_STEP = MIN((RXLEV_DL -
PcUpperThresholdsLevDL),10) PcUpperThresholdsLevD
(Variable step size)

Power Control Triggered

•else
PWR_DECR_STEP = PowRedStepSize

RXLEV_DL is the current signal level measured by the MS

RXLEV_DL <> AV_RXLEV_DL_PC ( used for threshold comparison )
19 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /
 POWER CONTROL
BTS power increase due to signal quality
• Only variable step size
• Two different Algorithms
• Largest increase is considered

Based on Current Quality

PWR_INCR_STEP
PWR_INCR_STEP==
(1+MAX(0,Qa))*PowIncrStepSize
(1+MAX(0,Qa))*PowIncrStepSize
where
where
Qa
Qa==RXQUAL_DL
RXQUAL_DL--PcLowerThresholdsQualDL
PcLowerThresholdsQualDL
LARGEST
LARGESTINCREASE
INCREASE
Based on Current Level

PWR_INCR_STEP
PWR_INCR_STEP==PcLowerThresholdsLevDL
PcLowerThresholdsLevDL--
RXLEV_DL
RXLEV_DL

IFIF: :RXLEV_DL
RXLEV_DL++2*PowIncrStepSize
2*PowIncrStepSize<=
<=
PcLowerThresholdsLevDL
PcLowerThresholdsLevDL
20 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /
 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal quality(S9
improvement) (1/3)

VariableDLStepUse =Y/N (S9 new feature)

OptimumRxLevDL = -109…-47 dBm/N

• If VariableDLStepUse = N

PWR_DECR_STEP = PowRedStepSize (no variable

step size)

The decrease in power does not take place if there is the posibility that
it would
trigger the threshold PcLowerThresholdsLevDL (the safety margin
is 6dB).

21 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal quality(2/3)

• Two different Algorithms

Based on OptimumRxLevDL being used or not
• if the resulting RXLEV_DL would get too close to
PcLowerThresholdLevDL (as a result of the decrease) there
could be a consecutive increase due to level which will lead to
triggering the decrease again. To avoid this "ping pong" effect BSC
makes sure before decreasing the power due to signal quality that
RXLEV_DL is at least 6 dB higher than the
PcLowerThresholdLevDL.
6 dB Margin is in-built in BSC

22 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal quality (S9
improvement) (3/3)
If VariableDLStepUse = Y and
If OptimumRxLevDL = < not defined >

• if RXLEV_DL - 2*PowRedStepSize >=

PcUpperThresholdsLevDL
PWR_DECR_STEP =MIN(( RXLEV_DL -
PcUpperThresholdsLevDL) ,10)
(Variable step size)

• else

PWR_DECR_STEP = PowRedStepSize

RXLEV_UL is the current signal level measured by the BTS

RXLEV_UL <> AV_RXLEV_UL_PC ( used for threshold
comparison )

23 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
BTS power decrease due to signal quality (2)S9
improvement)
•If VariableDLStepUse = Y and
•If OptimumRxLevDL = defined

PWR_DECR_STEP = IF: :optimumRxLevDL

IF optimumRxLevDL
<>
<>NN (0, RXLEV_DL -
MIN ((MIN{PwrDecrLimit, MAX[ MAX
OptimumRxLevDL),
(PwrDecrFactor + MAX(0, Qa)) *PowRedStepSize]}),10)

where Qa = PcUpperThresholdsQualDL - AV_RXQUAL_DL_PC

24 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS Power Optimization in Call Set-up
• Normally MS accesses the TCH with the maximum Tx Power allowed in the cell:
msTxPwrMax
• When power optimization is employed

MS_TXPWR_ OPT = MsTxPwrMax - MAX ( 0, (RXLEV_UL -

OptimumRxLevUL) )

• Parameter OptimumRxLevUL must be defined for each TRX in the cell.If there
are different values defined for different TRXs then maximum value is
considered in the calculation.
• RXLEV_UL is measured during signalling phase

25 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS Power Optimization in Handover
• Intracell Handover
Normally MS uses the maximum Tx Power allowed in the target
cell
msTxPwrMax
When power optimization is employed
MS_TXPWR_ OPT = MsTxPwrMax -
MAX( 0, (AV_RXLEV_UL_HO + (MsTxPwrMax -
MS_TXPWR) - OptimumRxLevUL)

• Parameter OptimumRxLevUL must be defined for each TRX in

the Cell
If different values then maximum is considered

26 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS Power Optimization in Handover

Example: AV_RXLEV_UL_HO= -75 dBm

OptimumRxLevUL= -80 dBm MS_TXPWR_OPT = 33 dBm -MAX( 0,
-75 dBm+80 dBm)
MS_TXPWR_MAX= 33 dBm = 33 dBm -5 dB = 28
dBm
MS_TXPWR = 33 dBm

Parameter Value
OptimumRxLevUL -109 … -47 dBm / N

27 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /

 POWER CONTROL
MS Power Optimization in Handover
• Intra BSC intercell Handover
Normally MS uses the maximum Tx Power allowed in the target cell
msTxPwrMax
When power optimization is employed
MS_TXPWR_ OPT(n) = MsTxPwrMax(n) - MAX ( 0,
(AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) - MsPwrOptLevel) )
• Parameter msPwrOptLevel is defined on a per adjacent cell basis
• Affects Uplink 6 dB

• Either Uplink signal Serving Cell DL

equals downlink
signal
msPwrOptLevel Adjacent
• Or Differences in Adjacent Cell DL Cell UL
UL / DL considered Handover
when defining
Parameter Value
msOptPwrLevel
msPwrOptLevel -110 … -47 dBm / N

28 © NOKIA 2000 poc.ppt/ July 2000 /