Scribd
Upload
21 views

04 02 AWT Controls

The document provides an overview of the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) in Java, detailing its purpose in creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and the various components and containers it includes, such as Frames, Panels, Labels, TextFields, and Buttons. It also explains event handling in AWT, including the Event Delegation Model and the different event classes and their corresponding listener interfaces. Additionally, examples of creating and using these components are presented throughout the document.

Uploaded by

BINJAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

04 02 AWT Controls

The document provides an overview of the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) in Java, detailing its purpose in creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and the various components and containers it includes, such as Frames, Panels, Labels, TextFields, and Buttons. It also explains event handling in AWT, including the Event Delegation Model and the different event classes and their corresponding listener interfaces. Additionally, examples of creating and using these components are presented throughout the document.

Uploaded by

BINJAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

AWT - Abstract Windowing

Toolkit

1
Objectives
 Describe Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT)

 Discuss Containers and Components


Frame
Panel
Label
TextFields and TextAreas
Checkboxes and RadioButtons
Choice

 Identify events generated by components

 Create a standalone AWT application


2
1. Introduction
 As on date, software applications have become user-friendlier
because of introducing graphics in user interfaces.

 These make the language richer in terms of creating graphical


objects that can be controlled by the developer as well as the
user.

 One of the most important outcomes of this is that languages


have happened to be GUI based.

3
2. Abstract Windowing Toolkit
 Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used to accept input
through a keyboard or a mouse.

Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) is a set of Java


classes that allow us to create a GUI.

AWT provides items which enable creation of an


attractive and efficient GUI.

4
3. Hierarchy of classes in
Java

Component

Button Checkbox Container Choice Canvas Label

TextComponent

Panel Window TextArea TextField

Applet Frame Dialog


5
3.1 Containers
 An area that can hold elements.

It can be drawn or painted.

Container class in the java.awt package directly or


indirectly derives two commonly used containers – Frame
and Panel.

Frame is a separate window and has borders.

Panel is an area without borders and is contained within


a window.
6
3.1 Containers - Frame
 A window that is independent of an applet and of the browser.

 Can be a component or a container.

 Can be created using constructors

 Some of these constructors are:


Frame()
Creates a Frame which is invisible

Frame(String Title)
Creates an invisible Frame with given title

7
3.1 Containers – Frame Example

Output

8
3.2 Panel
Used to group a number of components together.

Simplest way to create a panel is through its


constructor Panel( ).

A panel has to be added to a frame.

The frame will be visible only when the two methods


– setSize( ) and setVisible( ) are set.

9
3.2 Panel Example

Output

10
3.3 Component
Anything that can be placed on a user interface and can
be made visible or resized.

Examples include textfields, labels, checkboxes, textareas


etc.

Some advanced components include scrollbars,


scrollpanes and dialogs.

11
4. Various components

Label Text field

Checkbox

Radio button

Text Area

Button

12
4.1 Label
Generally used to indicate the purpose of an item.

Not user-editable .

Can be created using one of the following constructors:


Label( )
Creates an empty label

Label(String labeltext)
Creates a label with a given text

Label(String labeltext, int alignment)


Creates a label with given alignment where alignment
can be Label.LEFT, Label.RIGHT or Label.CENTER

13
4.2 Textfield
 GUI element used to input text.

 Generally accepts one line of input.

 Can be created using one of the following constructors:


 Textfield()
Creates a new textfield

 Textfield(int columns)
Creates a new textfield with given number of columns

 Textfield(String s)
Creates a new textfield with the given string

 Textfield(String s, int columns)


Creates a new textfield with given string and given
number of columns
14
4.2 Textfield :Example

Output

15
4.3 TextArea
Used when text is to be accepted has two or more lines.

Includes a scrollbar.

TextArea can be created using some of the following


constructors given below:
TextArea( )
Creates a new TextArea

TextArea(int rows, int cols)


Creates a new TextArea with given number of rows and
columns

TextArea(String text, int rows, int cols)


Creates a new TextArea with given string, given number
of rows and columns
16
4.3 TextArea :Example

Output

17
4.4 Button
 Part of GUI.

The easiest way to trap user action.

Can create buttons in Java using any of the following


constructors.
Button()
Creates a new Button.

Button(String text)
Creates a new Button with the given String

18
4.4 Button :Example

Output

19
4.5 Checkbox
 Used for multi-option user input that the user may select or
deselect by clicking them.

Checkboxes in Java can be created using constructors.

Some of these constructors are:


Checkbox()
Creates an empty textbox

Checkbox(String text)
Creates a checkbox with given string as label

20
4.5 Checkbox: Example

Output

21
4.6 Radiobuttons
Used as option button to specify choices.

Only one button in a radiobutton group can be selected.

First create a CheckboxGroup object


CheckboxGroup cg=new CheckboxGroup();

Then create each of the radio buttons


Checkbox male=Checkbox(“male”,cg,true);
Checkbox female=Checkbox(“female”,cg,false);

22
4.6 Radiobuttons: Example

Output

23
4.7 Lists
Displays a list of choices to the user.

User may select one or more items.

Created using a number of strings or text values.

Choice class enables us to create multiple item lists


Choice moviestars=new Choice();

Add items using the addItem() method


moviestars.addItem(“Antonio Banderas”);
moviestars.addItem(“Leonardo Dicaprio”);
24
4.7 Lists :Example

Output

25
Event handling with components
An event is generated whenever a user clicks a mouse,
presses or releases a key.

Event Delegation Model is used to handle events.

This process allows the program to register handlers


called ‘listeners’ with objects whose events need to be
captured.

Handlers are automatically called when an event takes


place.
26
Event handling with components ...
Event listeners are implemented as interfaces in Java.

Steps to be followed –
Associate the class with the appropriate listener interface
Identify all components that generate events
Identify all events to be handled
Implement the methods of the listener and write the event
handling code within the methods

27
Event handling with components ...
Event Class Description Interface

ActionEvent Button is pressed, list item is ActionListener


double clicked or a menu is
selected

AdjustmentEvent When scrollbar is used AdjustmentListener

ComponentEvent Component is resized, moved, ComponentListener


hidden or made visible

FocusEvent Component gains or loses FocusListener


keyboard focus
Event handling with components ...
Event Class Description Interface
ItemEvent When a menu item is selected or ItemListener
deselected or when a checkbox or
list item is clicked

WindowEvent Window is activated, closed, WindowListener


opened or quit

TextEvent Value of a text field or text area is TextListener


changed

MouseEvent Mouse is moved, clicked, dragged MouseListener Mouse


or released MotionListener

KeyEvent Input is received from the KeyListener


keyboard

You might also like