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CMP421 Data Communication Networks

CMP 421 is a course focused on data communication and network design, covering topics such as communication waves, transmission media, modulation techniques, and network structures. Students will learn to analyze channel characteristics and explore various transmission methods and protocols. The course emphasizes the importance of design considerations like scalability, reliability, and security in modern networks.

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Umar Ahmed Sani
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11 views

CMP421 Data Communication Networks

CMP 421 is a course focused on data communication and network design, covering topics such as communication waves, transmission media, modulation techniques, and network structures. Students will learn to analyze channel characteristics and explore various transmission methods and protocols. The course emphasizes the importance of design considerations like scalability, reliability, and security in modern networks.

Uploaded by

Umar Ahmed Sani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CMP 421: Data Communication/Networks

• Introduction to Concepts, Technologies, and


Design Considerations
• Presenter: [Umar Ahmed Sani]
• Date: [12/12/2024]
Course Overview
• Course Description:
• - Introduction to communication waves and channel
characteristics
• - Transmission media, noise, and signal modulation
• - Multiplexing techniques: TDM, FDM, and CDM ( they
ensure efficient use of communication channel.)
• - Transmission types and network structures
• - Data switching principles and broadcast techniques
• - Design considerations for modern networks
• - Credit Units: 3
Learning Objectives
• By the end of this course, students will:
• - Understand the principles of data
communication and network design.
• - Analyze communication channel
characteristics.
• - Explore transmission techniques and
modulation methods.
• - Learn network structures, switching protocols,
and design considerations.
Introduction to Data Communication
• - Definition:
• Data communication refers to the transfer of data
between devices using transmission media.
• - Key Components:
• - Sender
• - Receiver
• - Transmission medium
• - Protocols
• message
Introduction to Waves
• - Types of Waves:
• - Analog: Continuous signals (e.g., sound waves)
• - Digital: Discrete signals (e.g., binary data)
• - Characteristics:
• - Frequency: Number of cycles per second (Hz)
• - Amplitude: Signal strength
• - Phase: Position of the wave relative to time 0
Fourier Analysis
• - Concept:
• Fourier analysis breaks complex signals into
simpler sinusoidal components.
• - Applications:
• - Signal processing
• - Understanding bandwidth requirements
• - Noise reduction
Communication Channel Characteristics
• - Bandwidth: Maximum data transfer rate.
• - Throughput: Actual data transfer rate.
• - Latency: Delay in data transmission.
• - Jitter: Variability in packet arrival time.
• - Error Rate: Frequency of data corruption.
Transmission Media
• - Types of Media:
• - Guided: Cables (e.g., twisted pair, coaxial, fiber
optic)
• - Unguided: Wireless (e.g., radio waves,
microwaves, infrared)
• - Factors:
• - Bandwidth
• - Distance
• - Cost
Noise and Distortion
• - Noise: Unwanted signals that interfere with data
transmission.
• - Types of Noise:
• - Thermal Noise
• - Intermodulation Noise
• - Crosstalk
• - Impulse Noise
• - Distortion: Alteration of signal form during
transmission.
Modulation and Demodulation
• - Modulation: Encoding data onto carrier
waves for transmission.
• - Demodulation: Extracting data from carrier
waves at the receiver.
• - Types of Modulation:
• - Amplitude Modulation (AM)
• - Frequency Modulation (FM)
• - Phase Modulation (PM)
Multiplexing Techniques
• - Definition: Combining multiple signals into one
medium.
• - Types:
• - Time Division Multiplexing (TDM): Allocates
time slots.
• - Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM):
Allocates frequency bands.
• - Code Division Multiplexing (CDM): Uses
unique codes.
Parallel and Serial Transmission
• - Parallel Transmission:
• - Sends multiple bits simultaneously.
• - Faster but prone to signal degradation over
distance.
• - Serial Transmission:
• - Sends bits one after another.
• - Synchronous: Timed transmission.
• - Asynchronous: Unaligned timing.
Bus Structures and Loop Systems
• - Bus Structures:
• - Single communication line shared by multiple
devices.
• - Loop Systems:
• - Devices connected in a ring or loop
configuration.
• - Applications:
• - LANs (Local Area Networks)
• - Industrial automation.
Introduction to Computer Networks
• - Definition:
• Interconnected systems for sharing resources
and communication.
• - Types:
• - LAN (Local Area Network)
• - WAN (Wide Area Network)
• - MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
Network Design Considerations
• - Scalability: Ability to handle growth.
• - Reliability: Ensuring consistent performance.
• - Security: Protecting data and resources.
• - Cost: Balancing performance and
affordability.
Data Switching Principles
• - Definition: Forwarding data packets between
devices.
• - Techniques:
• - Circuit Switching: Dedicated path.
• - Packet Switching: Divides data into packets.
• - Message Switching: Stores and forwards
entire messages.
Broadcast Techniques
• - Broadcast: Sending data to all network
devices.
• - Techniques:
• - Multicast: Targeted broadcasting.
• - Unicast: One-to-one communication.
• - Applications: Live streaming, software
updates.
Packet Switching Protocols
• - Definition: Transmitting data in packets.
• - Examples:
• - TCP/IP: Foundation of the internet.
• - UDP: Fast, connectionless protocol.
• - MPLS: Optimizes data forwarding paths.
Examples of Networks
• - ARPANET:
• - First operational packet-switching network.
• - Predecessor to the internet.
• - DSC:
• - Digital Signal Communication network.
• - Applications: Historical and modern network
designs.
Conclusion
• - Data communication underpins modern
connectivity.
• - Key concepts include modulation,
multiplexing, and switching.
• - Networks require careful design for efficiency
and scalability.

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