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Cooling system for students

Engine cooling systems are essential to prevent overheating, which can negatively impact lubrication, material strength, and efficiency. There are two main cooling methods: air cooling and water cooling, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Water cooling systems, particularly forced circulation systems, are more efficient and involve components like pumps, radiators, and thermostats to manage temperature effectively.

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yash.dhandhukia21
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11 views

Cooling system for students

Engine cooling systems are essential to prevent overheating, which can negatively impact lubrication, material strength, and efficiency. There are two main cooling methods: air cooling and water cooling, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Water cooling systems, particularly forced circulation systems, are more efficient and involve components like pumps, radiators, and thermostats to manage temperature effectively.

Uploaded by

yash.dhandhukia21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engine Cooling

systems
Necessity of Engine cooling

Overheating of the engine affects

• Lubrication oil temperature.


• Strength of the materials.
• Exhaust valve temperature
• Volumetric efficiency
Disadvantages of overcooling
• Affects smooth and efficient operation.
• Affects the starting of the engine.
• Corrosion rate increases significantly.
• Condensation of acids.
Methods of Cooling
• Air cooling: The current of air flowing
over the heated surface of the engine

• Water cooling: Water is circulated


around the engine through cooling jackets to
absorb the heat. The water get cooled in the
radiator by giving its heat to air.
Types of cooling system
• Air or direct cooling

• Liquid or indirect cooling

1. Direct or non return system


2. Thermosyphon system
3. Forced circulation system
4. Evaporative cooling system
5. Pressure cooling system
Air cooling
The heat dissipated
depends on the following
factors
• Surface area
• Mass flow rate of air
• Temp. difference
• Conductivity of metal
Air cooling
Advantages of air cooling
• Engines are lighter due to absence of radiator and
cooling jackets.
• Less costly.
Disadvantages:
• Cooling is less efficient.
• Uniform cooling is not obtained.
• Engines are more noisy.
• Higher working temp. of engine , therefore lower
maximum allowable C.R.
Water cooling
Forced circulation cooling system.
Advantages:
1. Positive circulation of water increases cooling rate, to
permit use of smaller cooling jacket.
2. Circulation of coolant is proportional to both load and
speed.
Water cooling
• Forced circulation
cooling
Water cooling
Essential components
• Jacket
• Pump
• Fan
• Hoses
• Radiator
• Thermostat
• Pressure cap
Water cooling
Thermostat
Bellow type thermostat
• Fluid inside the below was heated by the water causing
thermostat valve to open due to expansion of below.
Wax type thermostat
• When the wax is hot ,it melts and expands forcing
container downward to open the valve.
• A spring pushes the rod back when the wax cools.
Pressure cap
Expansion tank
Expansion tank
Radiator core designs
Radiator core designs
Radiator core designs
Radiator cap
Pressure relief valve open
Vacuum relief valve open
Radiator

• Function of radiator is
to dissipate the heat
from the hot water
circulating in the
cooling system
Radiator
Function of radiator is
to dissipate the heat
from the hot water
circulating in the
cooling system
Pump
• The pump impeller is
a rotating disc
carrying vanes. It
fling the water
outwards imparting
the CF and impel it
forward in the jacket.
• When Thermostat is
closed it circulates
the water in the
jacket only.
Water pump
Water flow direction
Water flow when thermostat closed
Reasons for using pressurized cooling systems

• Pressuring the coolant allows it to operate at higher


working temperatures without losses, that improves
preparation of air fuel mixture for the combustion
process and optimum lubrication-viscosity conditions
will reduce frictional work

• The rate of heat dissipation is proportional to the


difference between the coolant temperature and the
outside surrounding temperature. Therefore, higher
radiator operating temperature increase the heat transfer
efficiency.
Reasons for using pressurized
cooling systems
• The higher operating temperature improves the
transmission of heat to the atmosphere. Therefore, a
smaller radiator can be used

• Sealing the radiator filler neck with a pressure cap


prevents loss of coolant due to evaporation or surging
and prolongs the intervals between topping-up

• Air pressure reduces with altitude, so, with an open


cooling system, the coolant will boil as the vehicle
climbs. A closed pressurized system will not sense the
change in atmospheric pressure, so it tends not to
overheat while driving over high terrains.
Coolants
• Typically solution of 50% glycol and 50% water is
used.
• Several additives are used with glycol to improve
its properties.
1. Chemical inhibiters containing an alkaline base to
neutralize any acids. This reduces the pitting on
outer walls of CC due to cavitations.
2. Foam suppressors help to reduce surface tension
and bubble formation.
3. Water softening agents help to minimize scale
formation . Scale formation reduces the H.T. rate.

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