Learning Objectives:

 To familiarize oneself with the context and content of the

“First Voyage of the World”.
 To appreciate and recognize the importance of such
information.
 To learn history through this primary source.
 To evaluate the document through examining its context
and content.
  Also known by the name of Antonio
Antonio Pigafetta Lombardo or Francisco Antonio
Pigafetta.

 Venetian scholar born around 1491 in

Vicenza, Republic of Venice(modern
Italy) and died in 1531 in the
aforementioned place.

 Belonged to a rich family in his city of

Vicenza in northeast Italy.

 Studied astronomy, geography and

cartography.
  Italian explorer and scholar that became
Antonio Pigafetta part of the expedition under the order of
the prince of Spain, King Charles I.

 During the voyage, he served as

Ferdinand Magellan’s assistant.

 he kept a journal accounting everything

that seemed fascinating and foreign to
him.

 He was one of the 18 men who

completed the trip, returning to Spain in
1522, under the command of Juan
Sebatian Elcano
 He was the diarist of the expedition of the Portuguese explorer,
Ferdinand Magellan (who at that time served the Spanish crown).

 His work is important not only as a source of information about the

voyage itself, but also includes an early Western description of the
people and languages of the Philippines.

 He was known to be a conscientious chronicler, supposedly taking

notes daily.

 Pigafetta remains the sole reliable source of that historic battle.

 2 First Voyage Around the World
 This was written on board one of the five
ships that was first to circumnavigate the
world during an expedition led by
Magellan and after his death during that
voyage, by Juan Sebastian Elcano.

 Pigafetta’s journal written during their

expedition in 1519 – 1522 became the
basis for his 1525 travelogue entitled The
First Voyage Around the World.

 Officially published after Pigafetta returned

to Italy.
 2 First Voyage Around the World
 This document is about Magellan’s travels.
It is the trail of the so-called Magellan
route heading to the Spice Islands,
attempting to sail around the world and
discovering various possible routes.
 2 First Voyage Around the World
 It is an accurate ethnographic and
geographical account of the first
circumnavigation of the globe.

 Here, Pigafetta describes the people,

countries, goods, and even the languages
that were spoken in the journey in the pre-
colonial Philippines.

 Upon arrival in Europe, he presented

copies of his account to several high
personages, including Pope Clement VII
and mother of King Francis I of France.
 2 First Voyage Around the World
 His original diary lost, and it is not known
in what language it was written.

 However, an account of the voyage,

written between 1522 and 1525, survives
in four manuscript versions: one in Italian
and three in French.

 This is one of the most important primary

source.
2
Why was it written?
 To discover, research, and achieve knowledge about nautical technology,
cartography and astronomy, as well as other fields related to the exploration
about the world, Antonio Pigafetta came upon with this document.

 He wanted to record details and information during the expedition which caused
him to join the voyage and served as an assistant to Magellan.

 Magellan desired to prove that the world was round and through his
investigation, he proved it. He also wanted to find a western trade route to the
Moluccas.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 His account was a major referent to
the events leading to Magellan’s arrival
in the Philippines, his encounter with
local leaders, his death in the hands of
Lapu-Lapu’s forces in the battle of
Mactan, and in the departure of what
was left of Magellan’s fleet from the
islands.
 Examining the document reveals several insights not just in the character of the
Philippines during the pre-colonial period, but also on the fresh eyes of the
Europeans regard a deeply unfamiliar terrain, environment, people, and
culture.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
Ladrones Islands
“Islands of the Thieves”
-presently the “Mariana Islands”
 The place where he wrote his first hand observations
and general impressions in the Farr East, including
their experiences in Visayas.

 These islands are located south southeast of Japan,

west southwest of Hawaii, north of New Guinea, and
east of Philippines.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 Since Magellan and his crew crossed the International Dateline, there is one
day added to the original dates that Antonio Pigafetta wrote in his book.

 There was a translator named Enrique throughout the expedition, from

Malacca and a slave of Ferdinand Magellan.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 On March 17, 1521(originally
March 16, 1521)
- they arrived in Zamal(Samar)
- the island was called Humunu
(Homonhon)
- Magellan and his men called it
Aquada da li buoni Segnialli
(The Watering-place of Good Signs)
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World

He met two kings. The first king

was Rajah Siagu and the other
king was Rajah Calambu, king of
Zuluan and Calagan (Butuan and
Caragua).
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World

 After the Mass, Magellan

ordered that the cross be
brought with nails and
crowns in place.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 On April 8, 1521
-Magellan and his men encountered some struggle when first
entering the port of Zubu(Cebu).
 On April 15, 1521
- a mass was held with Rajah Humabon and his people attending
the ceremony.
- Pigafetta showed the wife of Humabon a very beautiful wooden
Sto. Nino and a cross.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World

Magellan, as a sign of
friendship, made a
blood compact with
Rajah Humabon, the
king of Cebu.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 On April 27,
1521(originally April 26,
1521)
- the chief of Mactan,
Cilapulapu (Lapu-Lapu)
resfused to obey the King of
Spain.
A2Brief Summary of the First Voyage of
the World
 When the body of Magellan was recovered by the warriors,
Humabon ordered him to return the bodies of Magellan and
some of his crew who were killed, and they would be given as
much merchandise as they wished. Lapu-lapu refused.

 Magellan was succeeded by Juan Sebastian Elcano as

commander of the expedition, who ordered the immediate
departure after Humabon’s betrayal.
 2
Five hundred years ago, five ships set sail on Ferdinand Magellan's
expedition in search of a new route to the Maluku Islands and their
highly prized spices.

The ships' names were Trinidad, Santiago, Victoria, Concepción, and San
Antonio.

Only one of the five returned to port in 1522: the Nao (the Spanish word
for carrack) Victoria was the only survivor. With Juan Sebastián Elcano in
command, the ship traveled west on its return journey, making it the first
vessel to circumnavigate the globe.
 2
Four of the ships were medium-sized and designed to carry goods,
coming in at around 85 to 120 tons.

The fifth ship was smaller, more agile, and intended for exploration.

Three carracks from Biscay represented the best of the Basque Country's
merchant fleet. Although modest in size, they were particularly suitable
for transatlantic crossings.
 2
This major achievement for the Basque Country was possible because it
was home to nautical skills and naval technology that had dominated the
main maritime routes in Western Europe for a century.

Over 80% of the boats involved in trade between England and the
Iberian Peninsula, and along the Indies run, were Basque.
 2 62 tripulantes

Capitán de la flota: Fernando de Magallanes

Piloto: Estêvão Gomes
Maestre: Juan Bautista
Capacidad: 110 toneles
Propietario original: Nicolás de Artieta
(Lekeitio, Bizkaia)

Nao Trinidad
One of two ships (the Victoria was the other) to achieve their goal of
reaching the Maluku Islands.
 2
The Basque carrack Santa Catalina de Siena had been
renamed Trinidad and made the expedition's flagship
when it reached the Maluku Islands along with the Nao
Victoria.

However, once loaded with spices, it didn't manage to

retrace its outbound route across the Pacific Ocean and
return to Spain.
 2
The Trinidad moored off the island of Tidore for four
months while a major defect was repaired before
resuming its attempts to find a return route sailing east
via the Pacífic.

Having been battered by a storm, and with supplies

running out, it returned to the Maluku Islands, where it
was seized by the Portuguese and dismantled to build a
fort in Ternate.
2
Features
Fifty-seven crew members

Captain and King's Overseer: Juan de Cartagena

Pilot: Juan Rodríguez Mafra
Master: Juan de Elorriaga
Tonnage: 120 tons
Original Owner: Diego de Asua (Erandio, Biscay)

Nao San Antonio

The expedition deserter.
2
The Santa María was renamed San Antonio for
the expedition. Records say it had been seized by
officials from the House of Commerce (Casa de
Contratación) in Seville for 880 ducats against the
will of its owner Diego de Asua, who lived in Santa
María de Erandio (Biscay).
2
While the San Antonio was exploring the strait,
those onboard were concerned that Magellan
wouldn't be able to find a way out. The ship
deserted the fleet and returned to Seville, sailing
alone for over five and a half months across the
Atlantic Ocean.
A2ntonio Pigafetta's diary reports:

"The Captain-General sent the San Antonio and the Concepción

to the south-east to discover if the channel came out into the
open sea. The first ship left immediately … not wanting to wait
for the second, which was staying behind because the pilot
hoped to use the cover of darkness to follow back along the
outbound route and return to Spain …
The Concepción, being unable to keep up with the San Antonio,
could only sail about in the channel and await its return,
although this was in vain."
2 Features
Forty-five crew members

Captain: Luis de Mendoza

Pilot: Vasco Gallego
Master: Antonio Salomón
Tonnage: 85 tons
Original Owner: Domingo de Apallua
(Ondarroa, Biscay)

Nao Victoria
The first carrack to circumnavigate the globe.
2
The Nao Victoria was the protagonist of the first global
circumnavigation between 1519 and 1522. The ship came
from Ondarroa (Biscay) and was the only one of the five
involved in the expedition to complete it.

Originally known as the Santa María, it was owned by the

Ondarroan shipowner and shipper Domingo de Apallua and
renamed Victoria after it was acquired by the Casa de
Contratación.
2
Incredibly, the Victoria was in such a good condition
after its challenging voyage around the globe that it
continued to cross the oceans afterwards.

In February 1523, it was sold to a private buyer and

then used for commercial trips to America. It was lost
on one of these voyages in 1525.
2 Features
Forty-four crew members

Captain: Gaspar de Quesada

Royal Pilot: João Lopes Carvalho
Master: Juan Sebastián Elcano
Tonnage: 90 tons
Original Owner: Juan Montero (Galicia)

Nao Concepción
The carrack they had to sacrifice due to a lack of crew in
Cebu.
2
Although we don't know what the ship Galician Nao was
originally called, we do know that it was renamed
Concepción and acquired for 600 ducats, according to the
cost breakdown for the expedition.

Juan Sebastián Elcano was Master of this ship until it was

burnt by expedition members in the Philippines because
there weren't enough crew members to manage three
boats.
2Antonio Pigafetta explains:
"We left the island of Zubu and set out to drop anchor at
the head of an island called Bohol,
which was 18 leagues away, and seeing how our crews were
so reduced in number that they could not manage all three
ships, we decided to burn the Concepción after transporting
anything serviceable it contained onto the other vessels. We
then took the south/south-west course, coasting an island
called Panilongon, where the people were as black as in
Ethiopia."
2
Features
Thirty-one crew members

Captain and Royal Pilot: João Serrão

Master: Baltasar Genovés
Tonnage: 75 tons
Original Owner: Unknown (from Brittany?)

Nao Santiago
The ship that was wrecked off the coast of Patagonia.
2
As the smallest of the five ships involved in the
expedition, the Santiago was tasked with exploring the
coast. It could carry 31 sailors and 75 tons.

While at work on May 20, 1520, it hit the rocks in

Argentina's Río de la Plata estuary and was shipwrecked.
2
Antonio Pigafetta reports in his diary:

"The Santiago, which had been sent to explore the

coastline, was shipwrecked on the rocks, although the
crew was miraculously saved. Two sailors traveled
overland to the port where we were to inform ourselves
of the disaster, whereupon the Commander in Chief sent
out men with sacks of cake."
2
A Second Expedition to the Maluku Islands in
1525

The Loaísa fleet set sail with six carracks and a

patache. Juan Sebastián Elcano was Head Pilot and
Second in Command.
T2he vessels were built in Portugalete (Biscay). Three of
the carracks were substantially bigger to make them
more suitable for long ocean voyages and able to
transport more cargo. Two had twice as much tonnage
as the biggest carracks involved in the first expedition,
and the third had three times as much.

Although this second expedition failed, it still

represented progress in the 16th-century Great
Exploration Era.
 2 of the customs and traditions mentioned
Few
1. Socio-cultural significance
the culture of the Filipinos during that period is heavily mentioned. In the
other islands, the locals treated them with food and shelter as an act of
friendship.

2. Political significance
A lot of political customs was about the kings of the islands. The kings were
treated with loyalty and superiority by its people.

3. Economic significance
The man and women are both responsible for work either outside or inside.
The Filipinos of that time also had a lot of resources and also participated in
trade with each other and even other countries before the Spaniards were
already there.
 2
Additional Facts about the First Voyage
Around the World

 The chronicle of Pigafetta was one of the most cited documents

by historians who wished to study the pre-colonial Philippines.

 Being the earliest detailed documentation, it was believed that

Pigafetta’s writings account for the “purest” pre-colonial society
 2
Contribution in understanding the Philippine
History
 It paints somewhat accurate picture of the native way of life prior to
Spanish colonization.

 It helps us understand how the Filipinos of the past lived.

 It was a proof of the rich governance and independence in our country in

the pre-colonial era.

 We came to know who discovered the existence of the Philippines.

 We also discovered what religion Filipinos used to have, until they became
Christians.
2

Thank you!
2

Group 1
Johann Floyd Cañete
Glendie Soriano
Sharmaine Tababan