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Deep Learning concepts ppt

Deep learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that utilizes artificial neural networks to learn from data, excelling in tasks like image recognition and language understanding. It operates on large datasets, automating complex tasks and improving accuracy over traditional machine learning methods. Key concepts include weights, biases, activation functions, and techniques like backpropagation and optimization to enhance learning while avoiding overfitting.

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67 views

Deep Learning concepts ppt

Deep learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that utilizes artificial neural networks to learn from data, excelling in tasks like image recognition and language understanding. It operates on large datasets, automating complex tasks and improving accuracy over traditional machine learning methods. Key concepts include weights, biases, activation functions, and techniques like backpropagation and optimization to enhance learning while avoiding overfitting.

Uploaded by

mannanabdul049
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Deep Learning: A

Beginner's Guide
Deep learning is a type of artificial
intelligence (AI) that focuses on
learning from data using artificial
neural networks. These networks are
inspired by how our brains work.

By Mohd Abdul
Why Deep Learning?
Recognition Tasks
Deep learning excels at recognizing things, such as
identifying objects in images or understanding spoken
language.

Big Data
Deep learning can handle massive datasets and learn
from them to make predictions or decisions.
Automation
Deep learning automates tasks that would take
humans a long time, such as translating languages or
driving cars.
Machine Learning vs. Deep Learning
Machine Learning Deep Learning

Uses algorithms that can be simple Uses multi-layered neural networks


or complex. Requires feature to automatically learn features from
extraction to make decisions. data.
Thrives on large datasets and can
learn intricate features from raw
Works well with small to medium-sized datasets.
data.
Can achieve higher accuracy on complex
Might be less accurate on complex tasks.
tasks.

Great for tasks like email filtering or Perfect for tasks involving images,
predicting house prices. sound, or any data-rich task.
Important Deep Learning Terms
Weights Bias Neuron (Node)
Bias is an additional
Weights determine the A neuron is a basic unit of a
parameter that helps the
importance of different neural network that takes
network make better
inputs in making a inputs, applies weights and
predictions. It acts as a
prediction. Think of them as bias, and produces an
constant value added to the
knobs that amplify or output through an activation
input data before passing it
dampen the impact of function.
through the activation
specific input features.
Activation Function
ReLU
Outputs zero if the input is negative;
otherwise, it outputs the input itself.

Sigmoid
Outputs a number between 0 and 1, like
a probability.

Tanh
Outputs a number between -1 and 1,
helping center data around zero.
Layers in a Neural
Network
Input Layer
1
The first layer that receives the input data.

2 Hidden Layers
Layers between the input and output
that process the inputs.

Output Layer
3
The final layer that produces the output.
Example: Facial
Recognition
Input Layer Receives pixel values
of an image.

Learn to recognize
Hidden Layers
patterns like edges,
textures, and facial
features.

Output Layer Decides if the image


is of a specific
person.
Neural Network
Concepts
Neural networks are powerful tools for machine learning.
They are inspired by the structure and function of the human
brain.
Learning Rate
The learning rate controls how much the network's
weights are adjusted during training. It determines
how quickly or slowly a neural network learns.

High Learning Rate Low Learning Rate


A high learning rate is like A low learning rate is like
trying to learn too fast; taking tiny steps; you’ll be
you might make big accurate but might take
mistakes and miss details. forever to learn.
Epoch and Batch Size
An epoch is one complete pass through the entire training dataset. Batch
size is the number of training examples utilized in one iteration of the
model before updating the weights.

1 Epoch
Suppose you’re memorizing a poem. Each time you read
through the poem from start to finish, that's like one epoch.

2 Batch Size
Think of batch size like going grocery shopping. If you buy
items one at a time (small batch size), it’s less efficient.

3 Batch Size
If you wait to buy everything in one go (large batch size), you
might forget items or find it too heavy to carry.
Backpropagation and Loss
Function
Backpropagation is the process of updating weights in the neural
network by calculating the error and propagating it back through the
network. A loss function measures how well the neural network’s
predictions match the actual data.

Backpropagation
Backpropagation is like correcting your homework. After
answering a question, you check your answer.

Loss Function
The loss function is like a grading system for your test. If
you get the wrong answer (prediction), you lose points
(high loss).
Optimization Algorithm and Overfitting
Optimization algorithms, like Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), are methods used
to minimize the loss function by adjusting the weights and biases. Overfitting occurs
when a neural network learns the training data too well and fails to generalize to
new, unseen data.

Optimization Algorithm Overfitting

Optimization is like finding the quickest If you learn all the answers to questions
and easiest way to solve a puzzle. in a specific test but don’t understand
the underlying concepts, you’ll score
well on that test (training data) but
struggle with any new questions (new
Key Neural Network Concepts
Neural networks are complex systems inspired by the human brain, designed to learn and solve complex
problems.
They use weights and biases to adjust the importance and offset of inputs, guiding the decisions
made by neurons. These neurons, equipped with activation functions, act as decision-makers,
determining whether to pass information forward.

Layers, including input, hidden, and output layers, organize these neurons, allowing data to be
processed and transformed.

The learning rate controls how quickly the network adapts to new data, while epoch and batch
size determine how often and how much data is used in training.

Backpropagation and loss functions guide the learning process by identifying errors and
correcting them, and optimization algorithms adjust weights to minimize these errors.

Finally, it's crucial to avoid overfitting, ensuring the network generalizes well to new, unseen data.

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