Scribd
Upload
6 views16 pages

4 Projectile Motion

The document discusses projectile motion, defining a projectile as an object launched into space without its own motive power. It explains horizontal and angled projections, highlighting the constant horizontal velocity and the influence of gravity on vertical motion. Key calculations for time of flight and final heights for objects in projectile motion are also presented.

Uploaded by

mona safwat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views16 pages

4 Projectile Motion

The document discusses projectile motion, defining a projectile as an object launched into space without its own motive power. It explains horizontal and angled projections, highlighting the constant horizontal velocity and the influence of gravity on vertical motion. Key calculations for time of flight and final heights for objects in projectile motion are also presented.

Uploaded by

mona safwat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

PROJECTILE MOTION

An object launched into space without motive power of its own


is called a projectile. If we neglect air resistance, the only force
acting on a projectile is its weight, which causes its path to
deviate from a straight line.
The projectile has a constant horizontal velocity and a vertical
velocity that changes uniformly under the influence of gravity.
HORIZONTAL PROJECTION
If an object is projected horizontally, its motion can best be
described by considering its horizontal and vertical motion
separately. In the figure we can see that the vertical velocity
and position increase with time as those of a free-falling body.
Note that the horizontal distance increases linearly with time,
indicating a constant horizontal velocity.
Free Fall
Vyi = 0
m/s

The ball’s
horizontal
velocity remains
constant (if air
resistance is
assumed to be
negligible).
 xh = vht, The horizontal distance is given, so we
must figure out the time to get the horizontal
velocity.

 The height of the bridge is needed to calculate


the time of flight for the rock.
 xv = (1/2)(a)(t2)
 -321 = (1/2)(-9.8)(t2)
 t2 = 65.5 s2
 t = 8.09 s

 Plug the time back in to the original equation and


solve for vh.
 45.0 = vh(8.09)
 vh = 5.56 m/s
PROJECTILE MOTION AT AN ANGLE

The more general case of projectile motion occurs when the projectile is
fired at an angle.
Things to Remember:
•The horizontal motion is not in constant
acceleration so you cannot use constant
acceleration equations.
•The vertical motion is in free fall.
•The velocity in the x direction is constant
1 . Select a coordinate system.
The positive y-axis points up, and the
positive x-axis points along the ground
toward the pole. Because the dart
leaves the gun at a height of 1.00 m,
the vertical distance is 4.00 m.
2 . Use the inverse tangent function to
find the angle that the initial
velocity makes with the x-axis.

 y 
1  1  4.00 m 
 tan   tan   21.8
 x   10.0 m 
3 . Choose a kinematic equation to solve for time.
Rearrange the equation for motion along the x-axis
to isolate the unknown t, which is the time the dart
takes to travel the horizontal distance.

x (vi cos  )t


x 10.0 m
t   0.215 s
vi cos  (50.0 m/s)( cos 21.8 )
4 . Find out how far each object will fall during
this time. Use the free-fall kinematic equation in
both cases.

For the banana, vi = 0. Thus:


yb = ½ay(t)2 = ½(–9.81 m/s2)(0.215 s)2 = –
0.227 m

The dart has an initial vertical component of velocity


equal to vi sin , so:
 yd = (v sin )(t) + ½ay(t)2
i
 yd = (50.0 m/s)(sin )(0.215 s) +½(–9.81 m/s2)(0.215 s)2
 yd = 3.99 m – 0.227 m = 3.76 m
5 . Analyze the results.
Find the final height of both the banana and the dart.

ybanana, f = yb,i+ yb = 5.00 m + (–0.227 m)

ybanana, f = 4.77 m above the ground

ydart, f = yd,i+ yd = 1.00 m + 3.76 m

ydart, f = 4.76 m above the ground


The dart hits the banana.

The slight difference is due to rounding.

You might also like