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CFD

The document presents an overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), detailing the methods to solve fluid dynamics problems through analytical, computational, and experimental approaches. It outlines the step-by-step CFD process, including domain selection, boundary conditions, fluid properties, and iterative solution methods, while discussing the advantages and disadvantages of CFD. The accuracy of CFD is emphasized as dependent on user input, with validation studies necessary for ensuring reliable results.

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aman09052004
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17 views

CFD

The document presents an overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), detailing the methods to solve fluid dynamics problems through analytical, computational, and experimental approaches. It outlines the step-by-step CFD process, including domain selection, boundary conditions, fluid properties, and iterative solution methods, while discussing the advantages and disadvantages of CFD. The accuracy of CFD is emphasized as dependent on user input, with validation studies necessary for ensuring reliable results.

Uploaded by

aman09052004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computational Fluid

Dynamics (CFD)

Presentation by

Prof. Subhasis Maji

Delhi Technological University


New Delhi – 110 024
Methods to solve Fluid Dynamics Problems

 Analytical: Only works for really


simple cases
 Computational: Can be just as
accurate as an
experiments , plus gives
more information cheaper
 Experiments: Accurate, but limited
and expensive
Full equations dynamics:

 Extremely complicated mathematics

 No general analytical solution


Step 1:
Computational Domain is chosen,
and a grid (also called a mesh) is
generated: The domain is divided
into many small elements called
cells. For two dimensional (2-D)
domains, the cells are areas,
while for three dimensional (3-D)
domains the cells are volumes.
You can think of each cell as a
tiny control volume in which
discretized versions of the
Step 2:
Boundary conditions are
specified on each of the
computational domain (2-D
flows) or on each face of the
domain (3-D) flows.
Step 3:
The type of fluid (water, air,
gasoline etc.) is specified. Along
with fluid properties
(Temperature, density, viscosity
etc.). Many CFD codes have built-
in property databases for
common fluids, making this step
relatively painless.
Step 4:
Numerical parameters and
solution algorithms are selected.
These are specific to each CFD
code.
Step 5:
Starting values for all flow field
variables are specified for each
cell. These are initial conditions,
which may or may not be correct,
but are necessary as a starting
point, so that iteration process
may proceed.
Step 6:
Beginning with the initial
guesses, discritized forms of the
equations are solved iteratively.
Usually at the center of each cell.
Step 7:
Once the solutions has
converged, flow field variables
such as velocity and pressure are
plotted and analyzed graphically.
CFD has earned colorful fluid
dynamics.
Step 8:
Global properties of the flow
field, such as pressure drop, and
integral properties, such as
forces (Lift and drag) and
moments acting on the body, are
calculated from the converged
solutions.
Solve Navier Stokes for a simplified geometry:

 Know the condition for all the boundaries


CFD Process

 Divide your object into million of tiny little boxes (cells) called a
mesh
 Each cell interact with its neighbours
 Engineers sets known values for the boundaries
 Computer iterates to balance all the cells and the edge boundaries
CFD Process

Advantages of CFD
 Computers are relatively cheap
 Give extensive detail about results
 Allowssimulation of the final product with real
world physics
 Allows design optimization and exploration
CFD Process
Disadvantages of CFD
Lack of standardization
Much misunderstanding
CFD is an experimental analysis= no
working backwards
Time cost
CFD Accuracy??
Accuracy = User input
Client decides how much they want to
pay for accuracy
+/- 10% = Easily achieved
+/- 5% = Typical
+/- 2% = Excellent
Proven in two ways;
Validation studies
Mesh independent studies
Conclusions

 CFD has its place


 Major help or major burden
 CFD Operator = Fluid expert first
 Demand CFD accuracy
Validation studies
Mesh independent studies
 SOLUTION PROCEDURE

STEP1:A COMPUTATIONAL

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