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Animation

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Program : B.

Tech, CD,V Semester, III Year


Cd-504:Computer Graphics and Visualization
Topic: Animation

July-Dec 2024
UNIT-IV

Aruna Bajpai
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engg.

CD-504 1
Outlines

• Prerequisite of Topic
• Animation
• Types of Animation
• Animation software
• Learning outcomes
• Exercise
• References

CD-504 2
Prerequisite of topic

•Knowledge of different elements in multimedia.

• knowledge of computer graphics and multimedia applications.

•Knowledge of audio and video

CD-504 3
Animation

• The word “animation” is a form of “animate,” which means to bring


to life.

• It is derived from latin word amatio ,”the act of bringing to life” from
animo ( “to animate” or “give life to”) and atio(“the act of”).

• When a multimedia developer wants to bring an image to life,


animation is used.

• Walt Disney created animated objects such as Mickey Mouse.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 4


Cont…

• Animation is a rapid display of a sequence of 2D or 3D model in


order to create an illusion of movement.

• Adds visual impact to your multimedia projects and webpages.

• Animators are artist who specialize in the creation of animation.

• Animation is possible because of a a biological phenomenon


known as persistence of vision and the psychological phenomenon
called phi

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 5


Applications

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 6


Cont…

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 7


Cont…

• Animation includes all the visual changes on the screen of display


devices.

• These are:

Change of shape.
 Change in size.
Change in color
Change in structure.
Change in angle
CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 8
Design of Animation Sequence

•Steps for designing of animation sequence :

Storyboard layout.
Object definitions.
Key frame specification.
Generation of in-between frames.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 9


Storyboard layout
It is the outline of an action.
The storyboard could be consist of a rough sketches or a list of
basis ides for motion.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 10


Object definitions

Each object participating in the action is given object definition


such as basic shapes or polygons.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 11


Key frame specification

It is one of the many single photographic images in a motion


picture.

The individual frames are separated by frame lines.

A keyframe in animation and filmmaking is a drawing that defines


the starting and ending points of any smooth transition.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 12


Generation of in-between frames

It is a process of generating intermediate frames between two


images to give appearance that the first image evolves smoothly
into the second image.

In-betweens are the drawing between the key frames which help to
create the illusion of motion.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 13


2-D animation

This techniques tends to focus on image manipulation.

It is of two types:

 Cel animation
Path animation

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 14


Cel Animation

Made famous by Disney.


24 frames per second therefore a minute may require as many as
1,440 separate frames.
It is based on changes that occur from one frame to the next.
Cel stands for celluloid which is a clear sheet with images drawn on
them.
The celluloid images are place on a background that is usually
stationary.
The background remain fixed as the images changes.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 15


Path Animation

• Moves an object along a predetermined path on the screen.


• The path can be a straight line or have a number of curves.
• Starts with key frames (the first and last frame of an action).
• The series of frames in between the key frames are drawn in a
process called tweening.
• Tweening requires calculating the number of frames between
keyframes and the path the action takes, and then actually takes,
and then sketches a series of progressively different outlines.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 16


3-D animation

•3-D animation build virtual worlds in which characters and objects


move and interact.
•3-D animation can create images that seem real to the viewer.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 17


Steps in 3-D animation

3-D animation involves three steps: modeling, animation, and


rendering.

Modeling – the process of creating objects and scenes.

Animation – the process of defining the object’s motion.

 Rendering – the final step in creating 3-D animation.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 18


Terminology
Morphing is the process of blending two images into a series of
images.

Warping allows you to distort a single image.

Virtual reality (VR) creates an environment that surrounds the user


so that they become part of the experience.

Kinematics is the study of the movement and motion of structures


that have joints, such as a walking man.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 19


Animation Software

MAYA is the most popular 3D animation software used for special


effect.

MAYA is the software used in Hollywood.

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 20


Cont…

Software File Format


Director .dir & .dcr
Animator Pro .fli
Studio Max .max
SuperCard and Director .pics
Windows Audio Video Interleaved .avi
Motion Video .mpeg

CD-504 SELO 1,2 Reference:R1 21


Student Effective Learning Outcomes

1. Understand concepts of Animation with its types.


2. Apply different sequence to create animation and file formats of
animation to display videos.

CD-504 22
Exercise

1. What are the different animation softwares?


2. Define twinning and morphing.
3. Explain animation with its types.

CD-504 23
References:
1. Prabat K Andleigh and Kiran Thakrar, Multimedia Systems and
Design, PHI Learning,
2. Tay Vaughan, Multimedia making it work, Tata McGraw Hill
edition.

CD-504 24
CD-504 25

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