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Project Method

Project Method

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Kamran Abdullah
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14 views

Project Method

Project Method

Uploaded by

Kamran Abdullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROJECT

METHOD OF
TEACHING
Background History
• John Dewey a father of Pragmatism
School of Philosophy, Promoted this
school of Method in his BOOK, “My
Pedagogical Creed”(1897)
• He projected Idea that, “Learning
by doing” is a the Best method of
Learning and Teaching.
• Markham (2011) describes that,
“Project based Learning(PBL)
integrate Knowing and Doing”
Meaning of Project

• Project is an Activity
willingly undertaken
by Pupils in which
emphasis is on
learning by doing
Definitions
According to Kilpatrick
“A project is a whole- hearted
purposeful activity proceeding in a
social environment”.
According to Stevenson (1908)
“A project is a problematic act carried
to completion in its natural setting”.
According to Ballard
“A project is a bit of real life that has
been imparted into the school”.
Characteristics of Project on the basis of
Definitions
• Whole hearted activity: by choice
• Purposeful activity: Aim full /
objective centred
• Inside or outside the school
• Child centred
• Cooperative
• Individual differences
• Based on real experiences
Basic PRINCIPLES
• Principle of Purposefulness: Why doing
certain things?
• Principle of Activity: Child is active by
nature, has instinct of curiosity, and
energetic, should involve in physical and
mental activities
• Principle of Freedom: choose as per their
interest, need and capacity
• Principle of Experiment: real experience
has long lasting impression
• Principle of Learning by doing: Best
method of learning
• Learning by living: Correlation with life
Basic PRINCIPLES
• Principle of Social Development :
• Children learn better through association,
cooperation and activity
Principle of wholesome education:
Can’t teach in Watertight compartment need
to give wholesome experience
Principle of reality: Should be near to life
reality
Principle of Utility: Project should be useful
for individual and society
• Principle of Planning: Project demand
planning
TYPES OF PROJECT
• Individual and Social (Group) projects:
• Simple and Complex project:
• Constructive project: is also known as
Creative projects and involve mental
activity( Cognitive)
• Aesthetic project: Involve artistic skills i.e.
decoration or presentation of data
• Problematic project: aimed to solve a
complex problem by using mental/ Intellectual
Process
• Drill project: which depends upon certain
degree of skills to attain work efficiency
STEPS / Procedure of Project
method
• 1. Creating Situations:
• Create problematic situations, which
demand heavy efforts
• 2. Selection of the problem: as
per time, finance and individual
efforts
• 3. Fixing Objectives:
• What we want to achieve after
completion of project
• 4. Planning: Scheme, allocation of
duty, collection and generation of
resources, fund raising etc.
STEPS / Procedure of Project
method
• 5. Execution:
• Everybody paly its role to make it
successful. Teacher monitor it
• 6. Evaluation:
• Teacher and students will evaluate
jointly in the light of predetermined
objectives, strengths and weakness,
Mistake which were eye openers
• 7. Reporting and Recording:
• Report writing for review at any time
• Recording for future consultation
ROLE OF THE TEACHER
A guide, friend and philosopher.
Helps the students in solving their
problems.
Encourages his students to work
collectively, and co-operatively.
Helps his students to avoid
mistakes.
He makes it a point that each
member of the group contributed
something to the completion of the
project.
ROLE OF THE TEACHER
Teacher should always remain alert
and active during execution step and
see that the project goes to completion
successfully.
During execution of the project
teacher should maintain a democratic
atmosphere.
Teacher must be well – read and well-
informed so that he can help the
students to the successful completion
of the project
ADVANTAGES
It is a method of teaching based
on psychological laws of learning.
 It is students centered, activity
based method.
This method develops the problem
solving ability to the students.
It imbibes the spirit of
cooperation as it is a cooperative
venture.
Stimulates interest in natural as
also man made situations.
It develops self-confidence and
self-discipline and spirit of enquiry.
ADVANTAGES
A project can be used to arouse
interest in a particular topics as it
blends school life with outside world.
It makes the students as
independent.
It gives the real work experience to
the students.
It develops the social qualities and
synergism in the students’ heart.
It develops the responsibility
realization of the students.
By this the students organizes the
planning things in an order.
LIMITATIONS
It is a time consuming method.
It is a very costly method as it involves
tours, excursions, purchase of apparatus
and equipments etc.
All topics are not able to teach through
this method.
It is not applicable for all the schools.
Good textbooks on these lines have not
yet been produced.
The method of organizing instruction is
un-systematized and thus the regular
time table of work will be upset.
Sometimes the projects may be to
ambitions and beyond pupils capacity to
accomplish.

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