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MySql Interface

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Ushim Arora
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10 views

MySql Interface

Uploaded by

Ushim Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interface python with

SQL Database
Steps for creating Database connectivity applications :
Steps :
1. Start Python
2. Import the Packages required for database programming
3. Open a connection to database
4. Crate a cursor instance
5. Execute a query
6. Extract data from result set
7. Clean up the environment
2. Import the Packages:
import mysql.connector
or
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
It will imports the MySQL connector module/ package in Python script
in our program.
Open a connection to MySQL
Database
The connect() function of mysql.connector used to establish connection
to a MySQL database end returns a MySQLConnection object. It
requires four parameters host, user, passwd and databse.
<connectionobject> = mysql.connector.connect ( host=<hostname>,
user=<username>, passwd=<password>
[, databse=<database>])
Where host - the database server name;
default – “localhost”
username - the username on MySQL;
default –“root”
passwd – password of the user given at the time of installing MySQL database;
databse – optional; name of the database to which connectivity is to be established.

A database connection object controls the connection to the database. It represents a


unique session with a database connected from within a database connected from
within a script/ program
Ex: import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon=sqlcon.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”, passwd=”1234”,
databse=”school”)

Using is_connected() function with connected object of


MySQLConnection, we can verify whether connection is successful. It
will return True if, connection is successful.
# MYSQL database connection test import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234")
if mycon.is_connected():
print("Connected to MYSQL database successfully")
4. Create a Cursor Instance :
An instance of cursor is created with cursor() function. It returns a
cursor object which is use to execute SQL queries.
<cursorobject>= <connectionobject>.cursor()
A database cursor is a special control structure that facilitates the row
by row processing of records in the resultset.
Ex: mycur=mycon.cursor()
5 Execute SQL query :
SQL query can be executed using execute() function with cursor object.
<cursorobject>.execute(<SQL query statement>)
It will execute the SQL query and store the retrieved records i.e.
recordset in the cursorobject. The cursor is used to traverse the records
from the result set.
The recordset refers to a logical set of records that are fetched from the
database by executing SQL query and made available to the application
program.
# creating a database “school”

import mysql.connector as sqlcon


mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234")
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
mycur.execute("CREATE DATABASE school")
# to display all the databases
present in MySQL
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234")
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
mycur.execute("SHOW DATABASES")
for x in mycur :
print(x)
# to Create a table student in
MYSQL database school using
Python Interface
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234",
database=”school”)
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
mycur.execute("CREATE TABLE student(rollno int(3) primary key, name
varchar(20), age integer, city char(10))")
Performing INSERT, DELETE and
UPDATE queries :
After INSERT, DELETE and UPDATE queries, it is must to run commit()
method with connection object for queries so that changes are
reflected in the database.
<connectionobject>.commit()
# to insert new record in the table
student of database school
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234",
database="school")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur.execute("INSERT INTO student VALUES(1,'AMAN', 23 ,'GOA')")
mycon.commit()
print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Inserted")
# print("Record Inserted")
# to insert new record in the table
student of database school. Read
data from user
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234",
database="school")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
if mycon.is_connected():
print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
rollno=int(input("Enter roll number"))
name=input("Enter name")
age=int(input("Enter age"))
city=input("Enter city")
mycur.execute("INSERT INTO student VALUES({},'{}',
{},'{}')".format(rollno,name,age,city))
‘’’ qry=("INSERT INTO student VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s)")
data=(rollno,name,age,city) mycur.execute(qry, data) ‘’’
#mycur.execute("INSERT INTO student VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s)",
(rollno,name,age,city))
mycon.commit() print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Inserted")
# to Delete a record in the table
student of database school
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234",
database="school")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur.execute("DELETE FROM student WHERE rollno=101")
mycon.commit()
print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Deleted")
‘’’ if mycur.rowcount==0:
print("Record not found")
else:
mycon.commit()
print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Deleted") ‘’’
# to Update a record in the table
student of database school
import mysql.connector as sqlcon
mycon= sqlcon.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="1234",
database="school")
mycur= mycon.cursor()
#if mycon.is_connected():
# print("connected to MYSQL database successfully")
mycur.execute("UPDATE student SET city=”Ranchi” WHERE rollno=101")
mycon.commit()
# to Update a record in the table
student of database school
print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Updated")
‘’’ if mycur.rowcount==0:
print("Record not found")
else:
mycon.commit()
print(mycur.rowcount,"Record Updated") ‘’’
Extract Data from Resultset :
Once the result of query is available in the form of a resultset stored in
a cursor object, we can extract data from the resultset using following
functions :
(i) <data>= <cursorobject>.fetchall()
It will return all the records retrieved as per query in a tuple form.
(ii) <data>= <cursorobject>.fetchone()

It will return one record from the resultset as a tuple. If there is no more
records then it return None. First time it will return the first record, next
time it will fetch the next record and so on.

NOTE : A pointer, points to the first record of the resultset as soon we


execute the query. Now when we fetch one more record, the pointer
moves to next record of the resultset and return one record only but
rowcount() function will return 2 because fetchone() method retrieved only
1 record but SO FAR 2 records have been retrieved.
(iii) <data>= <cursorobject>.fetchmany(<n>)

It will return only the n number of rows from the resultset in the form
of tuple. If there are not more records then it returns an empty tuple.
(iv) <data>= <cursorobject>.

rowcount It returns the number of rows retrieved from the cursor so


far.
How to fetch one record of a table at
run time
MySQLCursor.fetchone() Method
This method retrieves the next row of a query result set and returns a
single sequence, or None if no more rows are available. By default, the
returned tuple consists of data returned by the MySQL server,
converted to Python objects.
import mysql.connector
mydb=mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd=
"root",database="school")
mycursor=mydb.cursor()
mycursor.execute("select * from student")
row=mycursor.fetchone()
while row is not None:
print(row)
row = mycursor.fetchone()
MySQLCursor.fetchmany() Method

• rows = cursor.fetchmany(n)
• This method fetches the next set of rows of a query result and returns
a list of tuples. If no more rows are available, it returns an empty list
rowcount
Rows affected by Query. We can get number of rows affected by the query by
using rowcount. We will use one SELECT query here.
import mysql.connector
mydb=mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="root",d
atabase="school")
mycursor=mydb.cursor()
mycursor = mydb.cursor(buffered=True)
mycursor.execute("select * from student")
noofrows=mycursor.rowcount
print("No of rows in student table are",noofrows)
buffered=True
We have used my_cursor as buffered cursor.
my_cursor = my_connect.cursor(buffered=True)
This type cursor fetches rows and buffers them after getting output
from MySQL database. We can use such cursor as iterator. There is no
point in using buffered cursor for single fetching of rows.If we don’t use
buffered cursor then we will get -1 as output from rowcount
7. Clean Up the Environment
After all processing, the connection must be closed.
<connectionobject>.close()

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