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Jacobian Transformation Method With Properties

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16 views

Jacobian Transformation Method With Properties

Uploaded by

bhargavi9100bhargavi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Jacobian Transformation Method

Including Properties and Formulae


Introduction
• The Jacobian Transformation Method is a
powerful tool in multivariable calculus, used
to simplify problems involving coordinate
transformations. It is crucial for changing
variables in multiple integrals and analyzing
functions.
Jacobian Matrix
• The Jacobian matrix is composed of first-order
partial derivatives. For a function mapping
from R^n to R^m, the Jacobian matrix is:

• J = [ ∂x₁/∂u₁ ... ∂x₁/∂uₙ ]


• [ ... ... ]
• [ ∂xₘ/∂u₁ ... ∂xₘ/∂uₙ ]
Jacobian Determinant
• The determinant of the Jacobian matrix,
denoted as det(J), measures the local scaling
factor of the transformation. It is given by:

• det(J) = | ∂x/∂u ∂x/∂v |


• | ∂y/∂u ∂y/∂v |
Properties of the Jacobian
• 1. The Jacobian determinant indicates the
scaling of area or volume elements.
• 2. A zero determinant implies a singular
transformation (no inverse exists).
• 3. The sign of det(J) shows orientation
preservation (+) or reversal (-).
• 4. The Jacobian transforms integrals in one
coordinate system to another.
Application in Integration
• The Jacobian determinant adjusts for
coordinate transformation in integration. For a
change of variables:

• ∫∫ f(x, y) dxdy = ∫∫ f(u, v) |det(J)| dudv


Example
• For the transformation from Cartesian to polar
coordinates:

• x = r cos(θ), y = r sin(θ)

• Jacobian determinant:
• det(J) = | cos(θ) -r sin(θ) |
• | sin(θ) r cos(θ) |
• =r

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