Project- Controlling traffic light

The Arduino traffic light controller is a simple project. A traffic light controller assists in traffic
management and traffic control. These devices are installed at road crossroads or crossings to
prevent traffic congestion and accidents. The systems alert the motorist by employing various colors
of light. As a result, avoiding congestion at junctions is straightforward.
In this project, we are going to make a traffic light control for a four-way intersection. We will learn
about traffic lights and how they work through an electronic project.

Components Required
 Arduino
 12 pieces of 220-ohm resistors
 4 pieces of breadboard
 Connecting wires
 Red, yellow, and green LEDs
Circuit Diagram
Connect the components as mentioned in the circuit diagram
Arduino Code for the Traffic Light
1.Assign the traffic lights pins to variables
int d_red =10;
int d_yellow =9;
int d_green =8;
int r_red =4;
int r_yellow =3;
int r_green =2;
int l_red =13;
int l_yellow =12;
int l_green =11;
int u_red =7;
int u_yellow =6;
int u_green =5;
2.Configure the traffic lights as outputs

void setup() {
pinMode(d_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(d_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(d_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_green, OUTPUT);
}
3. Use loop function to keep the lights in a loop and use changeLights() function to carry out the logic.
void loop()
{
changeLights();
}
void changeLights()
{
//Start (all yellow)
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_green,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
delay(5000);

//UPPER LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_green,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH);
delay(10000);
//ALL YELLOW
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(u_green,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_red,LOW);
delay(5000);

//RIGHT LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);

//ALL YELLOW ON
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_green,LOW);
delay(5000);

//DOWN LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);
//ALL YELLOW
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_green,LOW);
delay(5000);
//LEFT LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);
}
Code Explanation
Here the loop start with all the
yellow light turned on and the green
light moving in a clockwise
direction when one of the green light is on the rest of the direction will be red and it all will do a
4. Compile the code and upload it to the Arduino
int d_red =10;
int d_yellow =9;
int d_green =8;
int r_red =4;
int r_yellow =3;
int r_green =2;
int l_red =13;
int l_yellow =12;
int l_green =11;
int u_red =7;
int u_yellow =6;
int u_green =5;
void setup()
{
pinMode(d_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(d_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(d_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(r_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(l_green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_yellow, OUTPUT);
pinMode(u_green, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
changeLights();
}
void changeLights()
{
//Start (all yellow)
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_green,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
delay(5000);
//upper lane go digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW); digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW); digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW); digitalWrite(u_green,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH); digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH); digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH); delay(10000);

//ALL YELLOW
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH); digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH); digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH); digitalWrite(u_green,LOW); digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW); digitalWrite(d_red,LOW); delay(5000);
//RIGHT LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);

//ALL YELLOW ON
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH
);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_green,LOW);
delay(5000);

//DOWN LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);
//ALL YELLOW
digitalWrite(u_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,HIGH);
digitalWrite(u_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_red,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_green,LOW);
delay(5000);
//LEFT LANE GO
digitalWrite(u_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(d_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(r_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(l_yellow,LOW);
digitalWrite(u_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(r_red,HIGH);
digitalWrite(l_green,HIGH);
delay(10000);
}
Output: