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Pure Math Part3

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29 views

Pure Math Part3

Uploaded by

Rizza Cajindos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3

Exponential and Logarithmic

Functions

Pearson Education Limited ©


2012
Exponential Functions 3.1

 The function f defined


f x by
 b x
where b > 0, b  1, and the exponent x is any
real number, is called an exponential function
with base b.
y = logbx if and only if by = x log bb x x

The difference between natural logarithmic and


common logarithmic
The domain of a logarithmic function is the interval
(0,∞)
The range of a logarithmic function is the interval (-
∞ , ∞)
The base of the logarithmic can’t be negative
number
Example 14 – Converting from Exponential to Logarithmic
Form

Exponential Form Logarithmic Form

a. Since 52 = 25 it follows that log525 = 2

b. Since 34 = 81 it follows that log381 = 4

c. Since 100 = 1 it follows that log101 = 0


Converting from logarithmic
to exponential form
Log101000 =3 means 103 = 1000

Log64 8 = 1/2 means 641/2 = 8

Log2 1/16 = -4 means 2-4 = 1/16


Solving logarithmic
Find: equations
a. Log2 x = 4
24 = x
X = 16
b. Ln (x+1) = 7
e7 = x+1
X = e7-1
c. Log x 49 = 2
x2 = 49
x = 7 or x = -7
We reject x = -7 because a negative number
can not be a base for a logarithmic function
Chapter 3: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Logarithmic Functions 3.2

Example 18 – Finding Logarithms


Find log100 .a
:Solution log 100 log 10 2
2

Find ln1 .b
:Solution ln1  0
Find log0.1 .c
:Solution log 0. 1 log 10  1   1
Find lne–1 .d
:Solution ln e  1  1 ln e  1
Find log366 .e
:Solution log 6 1
log36 6  
2 log 6 2
b logb x = x

e ln x2
= x2

----------------
log x2
= 25 10
x2 =25
X=±5
Properties of Logarithms 3.3
 Properties of logarithms are:

1. logb ( mn ) logb m  logb n 1


4. logb  logb m
m m
2. log b logb m  logb n 5. logb 1 0
n
3. logb mr r log b m 6. logb b 1
Example 23 – Finding Logarithms by using
Table 3.4
a. Find log56
Solution:
log56 log(8 * 7)
log8  log7
0.9031  0.8451
1.7482
b. Find 9
log
Solution:
2
9
log log 9  log 2 0.9542  0.3010 0.6532
2
Example 23 – Finding Logarithms

c. Find log64
Solution:
log 64 log 8 2 2 log 8 2(0.9031) 1.8062

d. Find log 5
Solution:
1/ 2 1 1
log 5 log 5  log 5  (0.6990) 0.3495
2 2
Chapter 3: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Properties of Logarithms 3.3

lne 3 x
Find .a
:Solution lne 3 x 3x .
b. Find log1  log1000
:Solution

c. Find log1  log1000 0  log103 0  3 3


:Solution
9 8
d. Find log 7 7
:Solution

e. Find log7 9 78  log7 78 / 9  89


 27 
:Solution log 3  
 81 27   33 
log 3   log 3  4  log 3 ( 3 1 )  1
 81  3 

1
ln e  log  ln e  log 10  1 1  (  1)  0
10
:Write in a single Logarithms
Ln 3 +ln7 – ln2 – 2ln4
ln3+ ln7 – [ln2 + ln (4)2 ]=
ln (3 . 7) – ln (2. 16)=
ln 21 – ln 32 =
ln 21/32 =

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